Make a report about the profession of a health and safety engineer . Use words and word combinations from ex. 2 and given below.

Firstly / The first step is / To begin with …

Secondly / Thirdly / The next step is …

After that /Then …

Following that …

Finally / Lastly / The last step is …

 

LEVEL 2

Text 1

Vocabulary

to pose [pəuz] представлять emergency [ɪ'mɜːʤənsɪ] чрезвычайная ситуация, чрезвычайное происшествие disaster [dɪ'zɑːstə] бедствие leak [liːk] утечка explosion [ɪk'spləuʒ(ə)n] взрыв severe [sɪ'vɪə] суровый threat [θret] опасность, угроза blast [blɑːst] взрыв conversely ['kɔnvɜːslɪ] наоборот extended [ɪk'stendɪd] длительный mitigation [ˌmɪtɪ'geɪʃ(ə)n] уменьшение / смягчение отрицательных последствий palliative ['pælɪətɪv] смягчающий, паллиативный aftermath ['ɑːftəmɑːθ] последствия (катастрофы, бедствия) self-evident [ˌself'evɪdənt] очевидный, само собой разумеющийся precise [prɪ'saɪs] точный to vary ['veərɪ] меняться, изменяться anthropogenic [ˌænθrə(u)pə(u)'ʤenɪk] антропогенный, вызванный деятельностью человека accident ['æksɪdənt] несчастный случай; катастрофа; авария intervention [ˌɪntə'venʃn] вмешательство material losses - материальный ущерб; trouble of living standards - ухудшение условий жизни

EMERGENCY

An emergency is a situation that poses an immediate risk to health, life, property, or environment. Emergencies and disasters can happen suddenly, unexpectedly and anywhere, from fires to flooding, from chemical leaks to explosions, and from aircraft crashes to severe weather. It can mean the loss of basic services including water, electricity and gas, and telephones, damage or threat of damage to homes and businesses by flooding, fire or blast, and evacuation from homes and businesses may be needed or, conversely, that everyone must remain indoors for an extended period of time. Most emergencies require urgent intervention to prevent a worsening of the situation, although in some situations, mitigation may not be possible and agencies may only be able to offer palliative care for the aftermath.

While some emergencies are self-evident (such as a natural disaster that threatens many lives), many smaller incidents require that an observer decide whether it qualifies as an emergency. The precise definition of an emergency, the agencies involved and the procedures used, vary by jurisdiction, and this is usually set by the government, whose agencies (emergency services) are responsible for emergency planning and management. Their work includes coordinating planning, training, exercising, activation, and management in response to emergencies.

An emergency of anthropogenic nature is the situation in a certain territory that has developed as a result of an accident, a dangerous natural phenomenon, a catastrophe, a natural or other disaster that may result in or resulted in death of people as well as damage to human health or the environment, significant material losses and trouble of living standards of people.

Many of the incidents are small scale incidents: gas leaks, transport accidents, fires, chemical spillages and leaks. Most of these incidents can usually be resolved in a few hours, or within a day or two. Very few incidents develop into "major incidents".

Exercises

Answer the questions.

1. What is an emergency?

2. What can an emergency mean?

3. What are the most common emergencies and disasters?

4. Why do most emergencies require urgent intervention?

5. What is an emergency of anthropogenic nature?

6. Which incidents are small scale incidents?

7. How do you think which incidents are major incidents?

Give Russian equivalents.

An emergency, a disaster, a fire, flooding, chemical leaks, explosions, aircraft crashes, severe weather, the loss of basic services, damage or threat of damage to homes, blast, evacuation from homes, to remain indoors, urgent intervention, to prevent a worsening of the situation, mitigation, to offer palliative care for the aftermath, to threaten lives, in response to, agencies (emergency services), an emergency of anthropogenic nature, a dangerous natural phenomenon, damage to human health or the environment, significant material losses, gas leaks, transport accidents, chemical spillages and leaks, to be resolved, to develop into "major incidents".

 

Find English equivalents.

Чрезвычайные ситуации, стихийные бедствия, от пожаров до наводнений, от химических утечек до взрывов, наводнение, пожар или взрыв, суровые погодные условия, потеря основных услуг, эвакуация из домов и предприятий, оставаться в помещении, срочное вмешательство, предотвратить ухудшение ситуации, смягчение отрицательных последствий, угрожать жизни, в ответ (на), несчастный случай, опасное природное явление, стихийное бедствие, ущерб здоровью человека, значительный материальный ущерб, утечка газа, химические разливы и утечки, быть решенными, переходить в серьезные инциденты.