Тема 1. Человек и общество ( the Man and society )

РЕВНИВЫХ ЛЮДМИЛА БОРИСОВНА

 

ОГСЭ.03. ИНОСТРАННЫЙ ЯЗЫК

(АНГЛИЙСКИЙ)

 

Учебное пособие

для обучающихся очной формы обучения 1 курса

специальности 31.02.03 Лабораторная диагностика

 

 

Тюмень, 2019

 

Рассмотрено На заседании ЦМК Протокол № 7 от 15 марта 2019 г.

Утверждено На заседании НМС Протокол № от «___» ______ 201_

 

Ревнивых Л.Б., Основы латинского языка с медицинской терминологией. Учебное издание. – Тюмень, 2019 - 77 с.

 

Рецензенты:

Ожогина М.М, преподаватель иностранных языков

 

Учебное пособие "Иностранный язык (английский)" предназначено для обучающихся 1 курса очной формы обучения специальности 31.02.03 Лабораторная диагностика. Пособие содержит теоретический и практический материал по учебной дисциплине в полном соответствии с рабочей программой. Оно включает английскую терминологию, тексты по темам, грамматические минимумы, лексико-грамматические упражнения.

 

 

Пояснительная записка

 

Великий русский врач С.П. Боткин писал: "Знание современных языков играет важную роль в интеллектуальном и человеческом обогащении специалистов-медиков". Владение иностранным языком является обязательным компонентом профессиональной подготовки современных специалистов в любой области. Знание языка международного общения, каким в настоящее время является английский, предполагает успешную карьеру как в профессиональной деятельности, так и в науке, и бизнесе. Необходимость комплексного развития коммуникативной, информационной, социо- и общекультурной компетенций студентов требует формирования конкретного методологического и практического инструментария по английскому языку для каждой специальности.

Данное профессионально ориентированное учебное пособие разработано для студентов 1 курса медицинских колледжей, обучающихся по специальности Лабораторная диагностика. Оно рассчитано на 38 часов аудиторной работы, составлено в полном соответствии с рабочей программой и предполагает овладение студентами лексико-грамматическим материалом по 3-м темам: Человек и общество, Медицинское образование, Здоровый образ жизни.

По своей практической направленности и методическим основам предлагаемое пособие отвечает требованиям современной лингводидактики.

СОДЕРЖАНИЕ

Тема 1. Человек и общество (The Man and Society)

1. Занятие 1. Английский язык в современном мире…………………………………5

2. Занятие 2. Знакомство, рассказ о себе………………………………………………8

3. Занятие 3. Мой рабочий день………………………………………………………..10

4. Занятие 4. Мой родной город………………………………………………………..14

5. Занятие 5. Тюменский медицинский колледж……………………………………..18

6. Занятие 6. Моя будущая профессия………………………………………………...20

Тема 2. Медицинское образование (Medical Education)

7. Занятия 7-8. Медицинское образование в России …………………………………21

8. Занятия 9-10. Медицинское образование в США …………………………………26

9. Занятие 11. Медицинское образование в Великобритании……………………….28

10. Занятие 12. Сравнительный анализ медицинского образования в России,

США и Великобритании……………………………………………………………….31

Тема 3. Здоровый образ жизни (Healthy Lifestyle)

11. Занятия 13-14. Здоровый образ жизни……………………………………………33

12. Занятия 15-16. Спорт и здоровье…………………………………………………..37

13. Занятие 17. Диета…………………………………………………………………..40

14. Занятие 18. Диета и витамины…………………………………………………….41

15. Занятие 19. Итоговое занятие……………………………………………………..42

16, Список литературы………………………………………………………………...43

 

TOPIC 1. THE MAN AND SOCIETY

LESSON 1

Read and translate the text:

ENGLISH IN THE MODERN WORLD

The modern world is becoming smaller and smaller, due to the development of transport distances between different countries seem to be less. People widely communicate with each other. For this reason it's becoming more and more important to know foreign languages, especially English. One and a half billion people speak English today, another billion study it. Today English is the third language by the number of speakers, Chinese is in the first place, Spanish – in the second. The largest number of English-speaking people live in the United States (215 million), Great Britain (58 million), Canada (18.2 million), Australia (15.5 million), Ireland (3.8 million), South Africa (3.7 million), New Zealand (3.5 million). As a second language English is spoken in more than 60 countries. English is the first official language in the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Australia and New Zealand. It is one of the official languages in Canada, the Irish Republic and the Republic of South Africa.

English is the language of international communication, it is also the language of diplomacy and media, medicine and aviation, politics and diplomacy, science and technology, business and trade, sport and pop music.

80% of all information in the world's computers is in English. More than 60% of all scientific journals are written in English. Young people communicate in social networks and messengers in English. Today knowledge of English is one of the most important requirements for getting a good job.

Learning a foreign language is not easy. It is a long and difficult process that takes a lot of time and patience. But it's worth it. English is taught throughout the world and a lot of people speak it well. In our country English is very popular: it is studied at schools, colleges and universities. We all need to understand each other.

 

2. Answer the questions:

1. Why is the modern world becoming smaller and smaller?

2. Why is it becoming more and more important to know foreign languages?

3. How many people speak English today?

4. How many people speak English as their first language?

5. In what countries is English the first language?

6. What is the status of English in Canada, the Irish Republic and the Republic of South Africa?

7. Is English spoken as a second language in more than 50 countries?

8. Why is it very important to study English?

3. Read the text:

Learn the text 3.

GRAMMAR REVISION

СПРЯЖЕНИЕ ГЛАГОЛА TO BE  

Глагол to be переводится как быть, находиться, существовать, являться. В настоящем времени он может не переводиться вообще.

GRAMMAR EXERCISES

1. Complete what Brenda says about herself. Use am, is or are:

 

My name … Brenda Foster. I … ten years old and I … in the fifth form. My birthday … on the first of January. I … from Santa Monica, California, USA. I … American. My phone number … 235-456-789. I live at 16, Park Street. I’ve got a sister and a brother. Their names … Gina and Paul. Gina … 16 years old and Paul … only three. I’ve also got a dog. Its name … Spot. My Mum … a doctor. She works at a hospital. My Dad … a driver. He works in Los Angeles. We … all friendly in our family.

2. Insert appropriate present forms of the verb to be:

 

A: Hi, Alex. How … you?

B: Hello, David. I … fine and how … you doing?

A: I … doing fine.

B: How … your sister? Where … she now?

A: She … in London. She … learning English there.

B: Really? That … wonderful! How about your parents?

A; They … fine too. They … in Cyprus now.

B: … you busy tonight?

A: Not really, why?

B: We … having a party. Would you like to come?

A: I’d love to.

B: Then come to our place at 7:00 p.m.

 

3.Write in is/ isn’t, are/ aren’t, am /’m not:

 

1. I … lazy.
2. My friend … naughty.
3. My granny … kind.
4. My granddad … clever.
5. My teachers … funny.
6. I … a bad student.

 

4. Insert appropriate pronouns and forms of the verb to be:

 

1. How … your mum? — … … fine, thanks.
2. How … your parents? — … … OK.
3. How … you? — … … very well, thank you.
4. How … your uncle? — … … fine, thanks.
5. How … your children? — … … OK.
6. How … Liz? — … … fine, thanks.
7. How … your cousin? — … … very well, thank you.

 

LESSON 2

LESSON 3. MY WORKING DAY

1. Fill in the gaps with the missing days of the week. Translate the rhyme into Russian:

 

Solomon Grundy

Born on …,

Christened on …,

Married on …,

Got ill on …,

Worse on …,

Died on …,

Buried on...,

This is the end of Solomon Grundy.

(Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday)

My working day

I’d like to tell you about my working day. On week days I usually … … at six o’clock. I make the bed, … …, clean my teeth, … … … and go to the kitchen to … …. I prepare my breakfast. For breakfast I … coffee and a sandwich. Then I … …. It is far away from my house and I go there by bus. I have studies from two till six p.m. I … …... at the college. Then I come home and … …. I like a big dinner, because when I come home from the college I am very …. After my dinner, I … … for a couple of hours and then I … … …. If I have some spare time I do some work about the house. I sweep the floor, … … and clean the carpets with the vacuum-cleaner. Sometimes my mother asks me to go shopping and … …. Then I have free time. I go for a walk with my friends or … …. Then I … … with my family. I like evenings very much, all members of our family get together after work and have opportunity to talk and discuss our family affairs. I usually … … … at about eleven o’clock, sometimes even at midnight. 

HOBBIES

Hobbies

Hobbies are things we do when we are free. But people are different all around the world and their hobbies are not the same either. Some people like to collect things – from stamps and coins to pictures and cars. One man I know has a whole park of cars. Probably it’s funny to spend money and spare time on such things. But all famous museums exist thanks to this strange people. Many people prefer to watch TV and go to the cinema or to the theatre but reading is still popular. Not a few go hunting and fishing. Many people keep pets. There is also a new tendency today: people like to do things with their own hands. You see DIY (do it yourself) shops in every town. However sport is still the leader. People do sports, talk sports, write and read about sports.

My cousin Julian is a real expert on sports. He gives advices how to win a game of tennis or score a goal. He strongly supports all his friends who want to keep fit. Julian explains to them how to jog and lift weights. He laughs at those people who prefer alternative hobbies such as gardening or amateur drama groups because they care little about their health. But he himself never plays sports. He is a football fan and watches all matches on TV. You see, he is not a practitioner. He is a theorist.

3. Answer the questions:

1. What are hobbies?
2. What do people collect?
3. What do many people prefer to do?
4. What is a new tendency today?
5. What is the leader of hobbies?

4. Say if the sentences are true or false:

1. People are the same all around the world.
2. All people like to collect things.
3. They all collect pictures.
4. All famous museums exist thanks to collectors.
5. Very few people go to the cinema at present.
6. Some people like hunting and fishing.
7. My cousin Julian does sports.
8. He never watches TV.
9. Julian jogs and lifts weights regularly.
10. He is fond of amateur drama groups.

5. Translate into English:

1. Мои друзья собирают марки.

2. Я предпочитаю читать книги.

3. Мой дядя занимается рыбалкой.

4. Я содержу домашнего питомца.

5. Джейн делает шляпы своими руками.

6. Антон обожает спорт. Он занимается спортом, говорит о спорте и смотрит спорт по телевизору.

7. Она бегает каждый вечер.

8. Моя семья заботится о своём здоровье.

Tell about your hobby.

7. Read the dialogue:

Ian: So, what’s your usual day like, Angela? You always seem to be so busy.

Angela: You’re right. My weekdays are usually rather busy. I relax only on Sundays.

Ian: Do you want to say you work six days a week?

Angela: Yes, I study and work six days a week. That’s why I have only one day-off.

Ian: I see. Then, what’s your typical working day like?

Angela: I usually get up early, at 6.30 am. Then I wash my face, have breakfast, put on some clothes and make-up. I have to leave at about 7.30 am if I don’t want to be late for my lessons.

Ian: So, do you combine studies with work?

Angela: Yes, I do. I study in the first half of the day and then I work till 6 pm.

Ian: That should be hard.

Angela: It isn’t easy indeed, but I need to work to pay my education.

Ian: And how many lessons a day do you have?

Angela: It depends. On some days I have six lessons, on other days I have only four lessons.

Ian: When and where do you have lunch then?

Angela: I have lunch in between the lessons, during the longest recess. We have a canteen at the college.

Ian: I see. By the way, where do you work?

Angela: I now work as a part-time secretary for one international company. Each weekday I start at 2.30 pm and work till 6 pm. Luckily, I don’t have to work on Saturdays.

Ian: Is the office where you work far from the college?

Angela: No, it’s just a five-minute walk from there. I even sometimes go back to college canteen for a five-o’clock tea.

Ian: What do you do when you come back home?

Angela: In the evening I have dinner, do my homework and watch my favourite films. Sometimes I’m so tired that I go to sleep right in front of the TV.

Ian: No wonder. I think you should change your timetable. It’s too overloaded, I’d say.

Angela: I know you’re right. But I’m already used to such a lifestyle. At weekends I can go out with my friends or simply relax at home reading a good book.

Ian: Perhaps, you should give up this job and do something easier. What do you think about it?

Angela: I wouldn’t want to quit my job. I like working for this company. What I could change is the mode of studies. Next year, perhaps, I will transfer to studying by correspondence.

Ian: That’s a wise decision. In that case you’ll have more time for your job.

Angela: Not only for job. I also want to have some time for attending the gym.

LESSON 4

MY NATIVE TOWN

1. Fill in the gaps with the missing remarks:

Teacher: Nice to meet you. I wonder where you are from.

Student: …

Teacher: Is your town beautiful?

Student: …

Teacher: Do you like your town?

Student: …

Teacher: People say: "East or West, home is best". Remember it, please.

Study the words

a hometown a fortress a church a place of interest a masterpiece a leisure centre a flower-bed attractive fine arts to get education to go sightseeing to spend time to plant trees to be famous for to be interested in to be proud of to be founded

родной город крепость церковь достопримечательность шедевр досуговый центр клумба привлекательный изобразительное искусство получать образование осматривать достопримечательности проводить время сажать деревья быть известным чем-либо интересоваться чем-либо гордиться быть основанным

3. Translate into English:

1. Эта старинная церковь – достопримечательность нашего города.

2. Мой друг интересуется изобразительным искусством.

3. По вечерам мои друзья часто посещают досуговый центр.

4. У каждого города есть свои достопримечательности.

5. Британский музей знаменит своей коллекцией.

6. Я люблю проводить время со своей семьёй.

4. Read the text:

TYUMEN

 

Everybody believes that his hometown is the best place in the world. And I am not an exception. I was born in Tyumen and I have lived in it since my childhood. So Tyumen is my native city. It was founded in 1586. Nowadays Tyumen is a big city with developed industry and social infrastructure. The population is more than half a million. The city gives its citizens and visitors a chance to live, to get education, to go sightseeing and to have a rest.

Tyumen has many places of interest. There is nothing like Respublika Street, the main avenue in our town. A white building of the Drama Theatre is a masterpiece of architecture. It was built in 2008. Tyumen is a green city. There are many green streets, parks, yards, flower-beds in it. Beautiful fountains decorate the streets and squares of the city. Tyumen is a real cultural centre. There are a lot of theatres, cinemas, museums and concert halls in it. If you are fond of active way of spending free time, you can go to a concert of a pop-star or group, enjoy yourself at a night club or leisure centre, or go sightseeing. Our  Philharmonic Symphony orchestra is known throughout the country. The Historical square is located next to the place where the first settlers put the first wooden fortress. The main objects of the square are the regional museum, a monument in honor of those killed in the Great Patriotic war and Eternal Flame. There are many interesting monuments and memorials in Tyumen, among them monument to Siberian cats, monument to the Zemstvo doctor, monument to mother, to father and many others. There are some beautiful churches in Tyumen. I am very proud of my city.

 

Answer the questions

1. When was Tyumen founded?

2. What’s the population of Tyumen?

4. What chances does the city give?

5. How can you spend time in Tyumen?

6. What places of interest are there in Tyumen?

7. What is our Philhamony famous for?

8. What monuments in Tyumen do you know?

8. Your friend visits you in Tyumen. Read what he likes and advise him where he can go. Start with the words "I advise you to …", "You can go to …":

 

1. He likes fine arts.

2. He is fond of theatre.

3. He enjoys classic music.

4. He likes walking.

5. He finds pleasure in reading the novels by Dostoevsky.

6. He is fond of dancing.

LIVING IN THE CITY

 

Living in a city has both advantages and disadvantages. On the plus side, it is often easier to find work, and there is usually a choice of public transport, so you don’t need to own a car. Also, there are a lot of interesting things to do and places to see. For example, you can eat in good restaurants, visit museums, and go to the theatre and to concerts. What is more, when you want to relax, you sit on a park bench and read a book. All in all, city life is full of variety and you never feel bored.

However, for every plus there is a minus. Living in a city is often very expensive. It is difficult to find good, cheap accommodation. What is more, public transport is sometimes overcrowded, particularly in the rush hour, and even the parks can become very crowded. Last of all, despite all the crowds, it is still possible to feel very lonely in a city. In conclusion, I think that city life can be particularly appealing to young people, who like excitement of the city and don’t mind the noise and pollution. However, many people, when they get older prefer the peace and fresh air of the country-side.

10. Say if these statements are false or true:

1. Living in a city has only advantages.
2. Living in a city is very expensive.
3. It is easier to find work in a city.
4. Public transport is often overcrowded in the rush hour.
5. There are lots of things to do and places to see in a city.
6. City life is full of peace and fresh air.
7. It is possible to feel lonely in a city.
8. It is easy to find cheap accommodation (жильё).
9. Many old people don’t like noise and pollution of a city.
10. Young people never feel bored in the city.
11. Life in the country-side is full of variety.

 

11. Fill in the table using the facts below:

advantages	disadvantages
…	…

 

A choice of public transport; noise and pollution; overcrowded transport; feeling lonely; variety of interesting things; expensive accommodation; a chance to find work; a chance to go out and relax.

GRAMMAR REVISION

Для английского существительного характерны следующие грамматические категории: 1) число (единственноe и множественное); 2) падеж (общий и притяжательный).

Множественное число исчисляемых существительных образуется при помощи окончания - s, которое произносится как [z] после звонких согласных и гласных и как [s] после глухих согласных: hand – hands, desk – desks. Имена существительные, оканчивающиеся в единственном числе на буквы - s, -ss, -x, -sh, -ch, образуют множественное число путем прибавления окончания - es к форме единственного числа. Окончание - es произносится как [iz]: bus – buses, dress – dresses, fox – foxes, dish – dishes, bench – benches.

Некоторые имена существительные образуют множественное число не по правилу, а путем изменения корневых гласных (исключения): woman – women, man – men, child – children, tooth – teeth, foot – feet.

Притяжательный падеж используется, когда надо показать принадлежность предмета кому-либо: my father’ s car, the cat’ s basket. Притяжательный падеж образуется путем прибавления к слову апострофа (') и окончания - s. К существительному во множественном числе, имеющему окончание - s, суффикс не прибавляется, а после него ставится апостроф: the boys’ bikes. На русский язык существительные в притяжательном падеже чаще всего переводятся родительным падежом.

 

Артикль

 

В большинстве случаев английские существительные используются с артиклем: неопределённым a / an или определенным the.

 

Неопределенный артикльa/ an употребляется только с исчисляемыми существительными в единственном числе, если о предмете говорят впервые, или предмет является одним из множества подобных: This is a pencil.

 

Определённый артикль the употребляется перед существительными как в единственном, так и во множественном числе, когда:

1. из контекста понятно, о каком предмете идет речь: Read the text!;

2. о предмете говорится во второй раз: This is a pen. The pen is red;

3. существительное имеет при себе лимитирующее определение: The book he has read is in the bookcase;

4. существительное обозначает предмет, единственный в своем роде: the sky, the Sun;

5. перед названиями океанов, морей, рек, горных хребтов, частей света и т.д.: the Pacific Ocean, the North, the Caucasus;

6. существительное является обстоятельством места: in the park;

7. перед фамилиями, употребляемыми во множественном числе для обозначения членов одной и той же семьи: the Browns.

 

Артикли не употребляются:

1) перед именами собственными: John Brown, Oxford, Wales;

2) перед названиями времён года, месяцев и дней недели: They go to the pool on Sundays.

 

 

LESSON 5

THE TYUMEN MEDICAL COLLEGE

My name is Ann. I’m seventeen years old. I live in Tyumen. I have recently graduated from school and entered the Tyumen Medical College. It is one of the best colleges in the city. Besides, I have always wanted to study medicine after school.

Our college is one of the oldest educational institutions in the city. It was founded in 1921. In 1992 the medical school received the status of the college. Today, the college provides education almost in all medical specialties. There are 7 departments at our college – of curative affair, nursing affair, obstetrician affair, pharmacy, laboratory diagnostics, orthopedic stomatology and preventive dentistry. Students learn such subjects as Anatomy, Latin, Сhemistry, Nursing, Genetics, Pharmacology, Hygiene, Microbiology and so on. Our college is rather well-equipped. There are several laboratories for practical studies, two classrooms of informatics, a large gym and a canteen. There is also a library with a good choice of medical books.

Since 1921 thousands of graduates have got decent education in healthcare area, and I’m very proud to be a student of the Tyumen Medical College.

GRAMMAR REVISION

LESSON 6

MY FUTURE PROFESSION

1. Read the text:

THE CHOICE OF PROFESSION

 

During our school life we begin to think about our future profession. After leaving school some young people start working, go into business, the others get professional or higher education. While choosing a career you should take into consideration all main possibilities that your future profession provides. The profession must be interesting, it must give you an opportunity to earn a living and you must be sure of your future job. There are many professions in the world, so it is quite difficult to choose one. Some follow their own choice, the others – their parents’ advice. As for me, I have chosen the profession of a medical worker, because this ancient profession is noble and respectable. A medical worker prevents diseases and prolongs life of people. His duty is to treat people and fight against infections. To be a good medical worker means to be honest, unselfish, hard-working, attentive to people, responsible and optimistic. I must work hard to realize my dream to become a medical worker.

2. Find English equivalents for these words and word combinations:

выбирать карьеру, следовать своему выбору, следовать совету родителей, принимать во внимание, зарабатывать на жизнь, благородный, уважаемый, предотвратить болезнь, продлять жизнь, лечить людей, бороться с инфекцией, честный, бескорыстный, трудолюбивый, ответственный.

Medical laboratory technician is a specialist who belongs to the category of secondary medical personnel. Doctors examine patients and diagnose diseases, but in most cases it is very difficult or even impossible to recognize the disease without the results of laboratory studies. Different diseases often have similar symptoms, and without appropriate analyses it is impossible to make an accurate diagnosis. Laboratory technician conducts laboratory research in clinical diagnostic laboratories, prepares samples and chemical reagents, tools and equipment, conducts and studies tests, sterilizes instruments etc.    

The work of medical laboratory technician consists of analytical and operator fields of activity. In addition, the development of an effective treatment regimen for the patient directly depends on the results of the studies. Laboratory diagnostics is a highly demanded  speciality in the medical industry.

LESSONS 7-8

GRAMMAR MATERIAL

LESSONS 9-10

GRAMMAR MATERIAL

Exercise 1. Translate the sentences using the word expression to be going to…:

1. Я собираюсь написать роман (a novel). 2. Мой друг собирается жениться (to marry). 3. Мои коллеги собираются устроить вечеринку (to have a party). 4. Наш менеджер не собирается изменить (to change) мир. 5. Мои соседи собираются в Мексику. 6. Ты собираешься меня покинуть? (to leave) 7. Ты собираешься найти (to find) новую работу? 8. Что ты собираешься делать на выходных (on weekend)? 9. Что ты собираешься рассказать мне о себе? 10. Где ты собираешься остановиться (to stay) в Лондоне? 11. Как ты собираешься отметить (to celebrate) свой день рождения? 13. Кто собирается стать (to become) миллионером? 14. Кто собирается изучать латынь? 15. Почему ты не собираешься участвовать в концерте?

 

The construction " there + to be"

 

Оборот " there + to be" в английском языке употребляется тогда, когда нужно указать на местоположение того или иного объекта. Например: В комнате находятся три доктора. – There are three doctors in the room. Обратите внимание на порядок слов в таких предложениях:

 

There + to be

объект

местоположение объекта

 

Формы глагола  to be: is, are (Present),

was, were (Past),

will be (Future).

 

There is a kitten in the corner. - В углу (сидит) котенок.

There are many students in the hall. - В холле много студентов.

There was a car near the shop. - Возле магазина была (стояла) машина.

There were green trees in the center of the square. - В центре площади были зеленые деревья.

There will be a lot of pupils in the bus. - В автобусе будет много учащихся.

 

Exercise 2. Make up sentences with the construction there + to be:

There is There are

a, an some

car/ cars cup/ cups pen/ pens bike apple/ apples park/ parks milk meat tea egg/ eggs

in the cup. in the bag. on the plate. on the table. in the city. in the box. at the door. in the yard.

Exercise 3. Insert is or are:

1. There … two cups of tea on the table.
2. There … some milk in the cup.
3. There … an orange in the salad.
4. There … six balls in the box.
5. There … some cheese on the plate.
6. There … three rooms in our country house.
7. … there three cups on the coffee-table?
8. … there a carpet on the floor?
9. There … a cat on the table.
10. There … 3 dogs in the box.
11. … there a bathroom near the kitchen?
12. … there four rooms in the house?

Exercise 4. Translate from Russian into English:

На нашей улице 2 банка.

В парке есть кинотеатр.

3. В нашем городе много колледжей.

LESSON 11

Text 2. THE CURRICULUM

Read the text about the curriculum and fill in the table:

   Students spend five years studying different medical sciences: Human Anatomy, Biology, Physiology, Biochemistry, Statistics, Genetics, the Methods of Clinical Examinations, History, General Pathology, Microbiology, Pharmacology, Community Medicine and others. Students attend lectures, do analyses and practical works in labs. They follow up their patients and attend wards rounds (обходы). After five years of studies students get degrees of Bachelor of Medicine (B.M) or Bachelor of Surgery (B.S.). These degrees give the right to registration as a medical practitioner.

 

Subjects	Activities (5)
…	…

Text 3. Examinations

Read the text about examinations and answer the questions:

 

1. What do students do at the end of each term?

2. What do most exams include?

3. What must students do before finals in Surgery?

4. What must students do before finals in Obstetrics and Gynaecology?

    The academic year is divided into 3 terms. At the end of each term students take exams. Most of the exams are written. They include academic and practical problems. The final exams are in Internal diseases, Surgery, Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Pathology. Before final exams in Surgery students assist during operations. Before final exams in Obstetrics and Gynaecology they must assist at the delivery of 20 babies. These examinations are both written and oral.

 

GRAMMAR MATERIAL

FUTURE SIMPLE

Future Simple употребляется для обозначения простых последовательных действий в будущем:

I will meet you at the station. – Я встречу тебя на вокзале.

She will come home and then she will take a shower. – Она придет домой, а затем примет душ.

LESSON 12

Read the text:

LESSONS 13-14

1. Find equivalents of the English proverbs:

 

Health is not simply the absence of sickness.	Здоровье дороже денег.
Health is better than wealth.	Здоровье – главное богатство.
Eat less, live longer.	Здоровье – это не просто отсутствие болезни.
We eat to live, not live to eat.	Умеренность – мать здоровья.
The first wealth is health.	Мы едим, чтобы жить, а не живем, чтобы есть.

 

2. Learn the words and word expressions:

health	['helθ]	здоровье
healthy	['helθi]	здоровый
lifestyle	['laifstail]	образ, стиль жизни
essential	[i'senʃiəl]	важный
to stuff	[stʌf]	пичкать, набивать
research	[ri'sə: ʧ]	исследование
to shorten	[ʃo:tn]	укоротить
to lead to…	[li:d]	привести к…
obesity	[ə'bi:siti]	ожирение
blood vessel	[blʌd vesl]	кровеносный сосуд
gastric		желудочный
serious	['siəriəs]	серьезный
ailment		недуг, недомогание, хворь, болячка
to prevent	[pri'vent]	предотвращать
to keep fit		поддерживать себя в форме
to go in for sports		заниматься (увлекаться) спортом
lack of… (appetite)	[læk 'æpitait]	отсутствие, недостаток (аппетита)
to spend		тратить, проводить (время)
regular moderate physical activity	['regjulə]	регулярная умеренная физическая активность
necessary	['nesəsəri]	необходимый
to protect		защищать
strike		удар, инсульт
heart disease	[ha:t]	болезнь сердца
harm	[ha:m]	вред
habit		привычка
lung cancer	[lʌƞ 'kænsə]	рак легких
liver disease	[livə]	болезнь печени
brain		мозг
muscles	[mʌslz]	мышцы
to avoid	[ə'void]	избегать
nervous	['nə:vəs]	нервный
successful	[sək'sesful]	успешный
to follow	['folou]	следовать, соблюдать
rule	[ru:l]	правило

Make up phrases and translate them into Russian: