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Грамматический материал контрольной работы №1Стр 1 из 14Следующая ⇒
Приложение 6 к рабочей программе
Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования УРАЛЬСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ
УТВЕРЖДЕНЫ на заседании кафедры иностранных языков
МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ ПО ВЫПОЛНЕНИЮ КОНТРОЛЬНЫХ РАБОТ ДЛЯ СТУДЕНТОВ ЗАОЧНОЙ ФОРМЫ ОБУЧЕНИЯ по дисциплине иностранный язык
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 1 (Английский язык) Содержание Требования к выполнению контрольных работ Грамматический материал контрольной работы №1 Контрольная работа № 1 Вариант № 1 Контрольная работа № 1 Вариант № 2 Контрольная работа № 1 Вариант № 3 Требования к выполнению контрольных работ
Контрольные работы относятся к обязательным точкам, предусмотренным программой по иностранному языку для экономических вузов. Основной грамматический материал распределен по контрольным работам равномерно по мере нарастания сложности. Контрольные работы выполняются письменно. Грамматический комментарий перед контрольной работой поможет Вам в ее выполнении.
При положительной оценке контрольные работы защищаются устно во время сессии. В первом семестре выполняется контрольная работа №1. Контрольная работа предлагается в трех вариантах. Вы должны выполнить один из трех вариантов в соответствии с первой буквой вашей фамилии: студенты, чья фамилия начинается с букв А, Б, В, Г, Д, Е, Ж, З, И - выполняют вариант 1, с букв К, Л, М, Н, О, П, Р, С - вариант 2, с букв Т, У, Ф, Х, Ц, Ч, Ш, Щ, Э, Ю, Я - вариант 3. Выполненную контрольную работу следует отправлять на портал до начала сессии.
Подготовка к зачету:
Допуском к зачету является выполненная и защищённая контрольная работа № 1. На зачете будьте готовы побеседовать с преподавателем по одной из предложенных тем:«О себе», «Моя семья», «Рабочий день», «Средства массовой информации», «Студент и современные средства коммуникации», «Персональный компьютер и интернет». Грамматический материал контрольной работы №1 § 1. Спряжение глагола “to be”
§ 2. Спряжение глагола “to have”
Примечание: Британскийэквивалент глагола ‘ to have’ - ‘to have got’:
1. Do you have a car? - No, I don’t. I don’t have a car. - Yes, I do. I have a car. 2. Have you got a car? - No, I haven’t. I haven’t got a car. - Yes, I have. I’ve got a car.
Образование Simple/ Indefinite Active Present Simple /Настоящее простое (неопределенное) времяупотребляется для выражения обычного, постоянного действия; изложения общего факта: She speaks French. Она говорит на французском языке.
Past Simple /Прошедшее простое время служит для выражения действия, совершившегося в прошлом при изложении событий: He left the hotel yesterday. Он покинул отель вчера. Future Simple /Будущее простое времяиспользуется длявыражения действия, которое совершится в будущем: I will return in a few days. Я вернусь через несколько дней.
* Для выражения времени Past Simple c неправильными глаголами (go, read, write) используется различная вторая форма глагола (went, read, wrote) – таблица неправильных глаголов находится в приложении. Местоимения
Примечание. Абсолютная (автономная) форма притяжательных местоимений употребляется без существительных: Is this her coat? – Yes, it’s hers (her coat). – Это её пальто? – Да, её. Исключения | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bad | worse | the worst | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Good | better | the best | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Little | less | the least | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| much/many | more | the most | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| far | farther further | the farthest the furthest | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Сравнительные конструкции
| As … as – такой же … как She is as tall as her sister. – Она такая же высокая как ее сестра. It’s as cold as in winter. – Холодно как зимой. Not as … as – не такой … как She is not as young as I thought. Она не так молода, как я думал. The … the – чем …, тем The more we study, the more we know. – Чем больше мы учим, тем больше мы знаем. Much + сравнительная степень = «намного» + сравнит. степень: Much better - намного лучше, much younger – намного моложе, much more interesting – намного интереснее Сравнительная степень + than… - … чем Your work is more interesting than mine. – Твоя работа более интересная, чем моя. Our flat is bigger than his one. Наша квартира больше, чем ваша. |
Контрольная работа № 1
Вариант № 1
My perfect weekend
I am Melanie Chisholm. I am a former jazz singer. At weekends, I try to do all the things I love. I spend time with family and friends of course but I also want to do some exercise, which I just adore. Even though my work doesn’t follow a traditional Monday to Friday pattern I still get that excited feeling when Friday night arrives.
On Saturday mornings Scarlet (my daughter) and I are up early – even 7am is a lie-in for her. Luckily I’m a real morning person, which is something of a problem considering that my work usually occupies me late into the night.
Very often at weekends my mum or other family members come and stay to help me look after Scarlet and we have a bit of a catch-up gossip. It's such a treat when they come south to visit us. I miss them a lot, I moved away from Cheshire, where I grew up, when I was 16 to go to a performing arts college in Kent.
Saturday morning is a great time for me to train. I started competing in triathlons three years ago. Every Saturday I go running and cycling in the local sports ground, and if I have time I go for a swim. I work out for up to two and a half hours; I find that sports boost me mentally as well as physically.
To compliment all the exercise I try to eat healthily too but I’m more relaxed about what I feed Scarlet. She’s brilliant, however, and will eat anything and everything.
The one thing I can’t replace, however, is time in the studio. I love recording music and I can’t wait to start working on a new album. But now it’s all about Scarlet and our plans to redecorate our house.
Every Sunday I go to one of our wonderful local pubs for a huge roast with my friends. We usually spend all afternoon there.
Then on Sunday nights Scarlet and I do the Sunday hair wash, get the school uniform out and make sure the homework is all ready for Monday. It takes me back to when I was a little girl, and I love it.
1. Melanie likes Friday nights a lot.
| a. true | b. false |
2. Melanie and Scarlet usually get up late on Saturdays.
| a. true | b. false |
3. Melanie doesn’t like getting up early.
| a. true | b. false |
4. Melanie lives with her parents.
| a. true | b. false |
5. Melanie lives in the north of the country.
| a. true | b. false |
6. Melanie travels by train to a sports ground every Saturday.
| a. true | b. false |
7. Every Saturday Melanie spends about two hours working on her album.
| a. true | b. false |
8. Scarlet is a picky eater.
| a. true | b. false |
9. Melanie wants to buy a new house.
| a. true | b. false |
10. Every Sunday afternoon Melanie spends in a local pub with her friends.
| a. true | b. false |
|
|
Контрольная работа № 1
Вариант № 2
My perfect weekend
I am Elizabeth Haycox, a bookshop owner in Hay-on-Wye. There is also a café and a small cinema in my bookshop.
On any Friday afternoon you can find me in Richard Booth’s, the second-hand bookshop I run in Hay-on-Wye. Every Friday I frantically prepare for Saturday. I make sure the books are on the shelves, the napkins for the café are ironed, and we have enough popcorn and sweets in our 47-seat cinema. I don’t want any nasty surprises. As Hay Festival approaches (22 May - 1 June) I’m even busier. There is a lot of work to do: I paint my shop, I get in new stock, and I work out how to make the place as inspiring as possible.
I can’t say I’m the first in on Saturday but I am there for the whole day, as it’s the busiest day of the week. I am ready to do any job. I waitress in the café, I take tickets for the Saturday matinee, I change the loo rolls and I work the tills in the bookshop.
I like working on Saturdays. As a teenager I babysat, worked as a motel maid and in shops almost every Saturday. I like being independent and making my own money.
When I get home from the shop on Saturday, Paul (my husband) and I often find ourselves driving 45 minutes for dinner at someone’s house. It’s an English country tradition, isn’t it? Or we have people over to our house and Paul cooks.
I never work on Sundays; it’s a day when I relax. I lie in until about 7.30am and then take our dogs for a workout. Sunday lunch is my favourite meal; I cook a traditional roast or make a clam chowder. Then I take a nap.
After a refreshing cup of tea and a toasted cheese sandwich, I work my way through the papers for Festival inspiration and lie in bed with my ideas – not all of them good.
On Monday morning I am back in the shop. The good thing about retail is that every week starts afresh. There’ll be a new menu in the café, new films in the cinema and new books. And after working on Saturday, I’ll have a day off midweek for shopping in London.
1. Elizabeth owns a bookshop in London.
| a. true | b. false |
2. The book shop sells new books.
| a. true | b. false |
3. Sunday is the busiest day of the week.
| a. true | b. false |
4. Elizabeth is married to Paul.
| a. true | b. false |
5. Elizabeth always works on Sundays.
| a. true | b. false |
6. Elizabeth’s husband takes the dogs for a walk.
| a. true | b. false |
7. Elizabeth sleeps on Sunday afternoon.
| a. true | b. false |
8. Elizabeth’s ideas are always good.
| a. true | b. false |
9. Every week is the same for Elizabeth.
| a. true | b. false |
10. Every Sunday Elizabeth goes shopping in London.
| a. true | b. false |
Контрольная работа № 1
Вариант № 3
My perfect weekend
I am Liz Earle, beauty entrepreneur and farmer. Now I only work as a part-time consultant for my business, after selling it 3 years ago, so my time is a bit more flexible. Ideally, I am at our farm in Wiltshire on Thursday night so I can work from the office there on Fridays. My husband, Patrick, and I bought the farm about 14 years ago.
Patrick comes from a farming family so the farm was not a complete shock: we started off with just a few sheep, learning as we went. We employ a full-time stockman who looks after things from Monday to Friday, but we are in charge at the weekends. Now, the farm is where Patrick is at his happiest.
I usually keep Friday nights free for dinner dates with friends. I leave my youngest son, who is three, with one of his four older siblings and go off to someone’s house, which I prefer to a restaurant because you can slip off your shoes and chat until late.
On Saturday mornings Patrick takes the children and they go cycling while I get breakfast ready.
I try and keep Saturday as a family day. The main reason I wanted to buy a farm was the chance for my two eldest children to have their own horses. And now my children enjoy riding lessons so we often follow them to various competitions. Or we pack up tea and our favourite cucumber and lettuce sandwiches, and go and watch Patrick in a polo match.
|
|
I spend Saturday evenings at home. I work for a website where I recommend all sorts of health and beauty products.
Most Sundays we go to church, because I think it is very important to reflect on things greater than ourselves. Then we have our Sunday lunch. I try and get a big roast lamb or chicken in the oven before church and then gather as many family members as possible around the table. This is when I am at my absolute happiest.
In the afternoon we all play a big board game, in an attempt to get the children away from their gadgets. Then it is bedtime for them and some quite time for me.
1. Liz and Patrick bought a farm three years ago.
| a. true | b. false |
2. Liz does not work on Fridays.
| a. true | b. false |
3. A full-time stockman looks after Liz’s youngest child.
| a. true | b. false |
4. Patrick likes farms.
| a. true | b. false |
5. Patrick plays polo.
| a. true | b. false |
6. Liz likes to have her Friday dinner in a restaurant.
| a. true | b. false |
7. Liz spends Saturday evenings with friends.
| a. true | b. false |
8. They go to church on Saturdays.
| a. true | b. false |
9. Patrick cooks Sunday lunch.
| a. true | b. false |
10. The children play board games on Sunday mornings.
| c. true | d. false |
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 2
(Английский язык)
Содержание
Требования к выполнению контрольных работ
Требования к выполнению внеаудиторного чтения
Подготовка к зачету
Контрольная работа № 2 Вариант № 1
Контрольная работа № 2 Вариант № 2
Контрольная работа № 2 Вариант № 3
Тексты по внеаудиторному чтению (10 000 печатных знаков)
Требования к выполнению контрольных работ
Контрольные работы относятся к обязательным точкам, предусмотренным программой по иностранному языку для экономических вузов. Основной грамматический материал распределен по контрольным работам равномерно по мере нарастания сложности. Контрольные работы выполняются письменно. Грамматический комментарий перед контрольной работой поможет Вам в ее выполнении.
При положительной оценке контрольные работы защищаются устно во время сессии.
Во втором семестре выполняется контрольная работа №2. Контрольная работа предла-гается в трех вариантах. Вы должны выполнить один из трех вариантов в соответствии с первой буквой вашей фамилии: студенты, чья фамилия начинается с букв А, Б, В, Г, Д, Е, Ж, З, И - выполняют вариант 1, с букв К, Л, М, Н, О, П, Р, С - вариант 2, с букв Т, У, Ф, Х, Ц, Ч, Ш, Щ, Э, Ю, Я - вариант 3.
Выполненную контрольную работу следует отправлять на портал до начала сессии.
Требования к выполнению внеаудиторного чтения
Тексты по внеаудиторному чтению читаются и переводятся до сессии. На занятиях будьте готовы устно перевести несколько абзацев из каждого текста по выбору преподавателя. Незнакомые слова можно вынести отдельно в свой словарь, или подписать прямо в тексте.
Подготовка к зачету
Допуском к зачету являются: выполненная и защищенная контрольная работа № 2 и защита внеаудиторного чтения (чтение, устный перевод, ответы на вопросы).
На зачете будьте готовы побеседовать с преподавателем по одной из предложенных тем: «Мой город», «Страна изучаемого языка – Великобритания», «Экономика Великобритании».
Образование Continuous/Progressive Active
Present Continuous/ Настоящее длительное времяупотребляется для выражения длительного действия, совершающегося в момент речи: He is sleeping now. Он сейчас спит.
| Present Continuous | Утвердительные предложения | |||
| I am
He/she/it is We/you/they are |
+ Ving | |||
| I am eating an apple now./ I’m eating an apple now He is eating an apple at the moment./ He’s eating an apple at the moment. | ||||
| Отрицательные предложения | ||||
| I am He/she/it is We/you/they are |
+not+ Ving | |||
| We are not eating any apples now./ We aren’t eating any apples now. He is not eating an apple at the moment./ He isn’t eating an apple at the moment | ||||
| Вопросительные предложения | ||||
| Am Is Are | I he/she/it we/you/they | +Ving? | ||
| Are you eating an apple now? Is he eating an apple at the moment? | ||||
| Now, at the moment | ||||
Образование Perfect Active
Present Perfect/ Настоящее совершенное время употребляется для выражения: 1) действия, результат которого имеется налицо в настоящем времени (в русском языке соответствует прошедшему времени): I’m happy. I have passed my examination. Я счастлив, я сдал экзамен.
2) действия, имеющего место в незавершенный период времени: I’ve lived there for ten years.
| Present Perfect | Утвердительные предложения | ||
| I/you/we/they have He/she/it has | + V3 | ||
| I have eaten 4 apples today./ I’ve eaten 4 apples today He has just eaten an apple./ He’s just eaten an apple. | |||
| Отрицательные предложения | |||
| I/you/we/they have He/she/it has | + not +V3 | ||
| I have not eaten any apples today./ I haven’t eaten any apples today He has not eaten any apples today. / He hasn’t eaten any apples today. | |||
| Вопросительные предложения | |||
| Have Has | I/you/we/they he/she/it | +V3 | |
| Have you eaten any apples today? Has he eaten any apples today? | |||
| Ever, never, just, already, yet, this week, today, since, for, recently, lately | |||
Примечание. V3 = Past Participle. Причастие прошедшего времени правильных глаголов образуется при помощи добавления окончания –ed (ask- ask ed), Past Participle неправильных глаголов имеет различные формы (см. табл. неправильных глаголов): go- gone, make- made, do- done.
Модальные глаголы
| Модальный глагол | Модальное Значение | Примеры |
| Can (could) эквивалент*: to be able to | 1. Способность, возможность, умение. | He can (он может) speak English. Can you do it? She couldn’t (не могла) come. He will be able to come (сможет прийти) tomorrow. |
| 2. Сомнение, предположение. | It can rain.- Возможно пойдет дождь.Can they be home?- Может быть они дома? | |
| May (might) эквивалент: to be allowed to | 1. Возможность, разрешение. | May (можно, разрешите) I come in? - Yes you may. The children will be allowed (детям разрешат) to swim if the weather is warm. |
| 2. Сомнение, предположение. | It may (возможно) rain. They might (может быть) come later. | |
| Must эквиваленты: to be to, to have to
|
Mustn’t
Примечание. Модальные глаголы не имеют всех временных форм. Модальные глаголы can, may имеют формы настоящего и прошедшего времени (could, might). Глаголы must, should, ought имеют только форму настоящего времени. Эквиваленты модальных глаголов выражают недостающие значения прошедшего и будущего времени, а также оттенки смыслового значения (to have to, to be to).
Контрольная работа № 2
Вариант № 1
Вариант № 2
Вариант № 3
Text 1
Country and people
Text 2
The stars and stripes
The “Stars and Stripes” is a popular name for the red, white, and blue flag of the United States. This is also the name of the national anthem of the United States.
Every country has its own flag. In 1776, the thirteen colonies declared their independence from Great Britain. The United States was born. George Washington was the general of the American Army. He decided that the United States needed a flag, too.
There is a story that General George Washington asked Betsy Ross to make the flag. She used three colours: red, white, and blue. The colour red was for courage, white was for liberty, and blue was for justice. She sewed thirteen red and white stripes and thirteen white stars in a circle on a blue square. The thirteen stars and stripes stood for the number of states at the beginning of the United States. On June 14, 1777, Congress voted this flag to be the national flag.
Later, new states joined the United States. This was a problem for the flag. In 1818, Congress made another law about the flag. The thirteen stripes stayed the same, but for each new state there was a new star. Today, there are fifty stars on the flag. Hawaii was the last star in 1959.
Text 3
New York City
New York is the largest city in the United States. More than eight million people live there. New York has very tall buildings. It is the city of sky-scrapers. It is also the biggest port in the world. Thousands of ships come to the port of New York each year.
New York is a very cosmopolitan city. People from many countries came to live in New York. Three-quarters, or 75 percent, of the people in New York City come from five groups. The groups are: blacks, Jews, Italians, Puerto Ricans, and Irish. The other quarter, 25 percent, comes from all over the world.
New York City is the center for culture in the United States. It has the finest museums and the best art galleries in the country. If you want to see a play, there are many theatres you can go to on Broadway. The street called Broadway is the center for theater in the United States.
People call New York City the “Big Apple”. Jazz musicians in the 1920s gave New York this name. When a musician says he is going to the Big Apple, it means he is the best. Today, New York is still the US center for art and business.
Text 4
Text 5
The Pentagon
The Pentagon is a building in Arlington, Virginia, near Washington, D.C. It has the offices of the U.S. Department of Defense. The Department of Defense includes the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines, and Coast Guard.
The word pentagon comes from the Greek penta, which means “five”. A pentagon is a figure with five sides. The Pentagon has five rings. The rings are inside each other. Each ring has five sides. How tall do you think the Pentagon is? The answer is easy. Each ring is five stories tall.
The Pentagon is the largest office building in the world. It has seventeen miles of halls. People can get lost in the Pentagon. So the walls on each floor are a different color (brown, green, red, gray, and blue). This helps people to know where they are. There are also many maps in the halls!
The Pentagon is so big that it is like a city[1]. Almost 30,000 people work there. The Pentagon has its own doctors, dentists, and nurses. It has its own banks and stores. It has a post office, a fire department, and a police department. It also has an important center for communications. This center guards the country. It is hundreds of feet under the ground. The Pentagon even has its own radio and TV stations.
Text 6
George Washington
The first US President known to all Americans as “The Father of the Nation” was George Washington. George was born in Virginia in a planter’s family. When the boy was eleven his father died. The family had a lot of land but not enough money to send George to school in England as rich families used to do[2] at that time.
G. Washington began his career in the service of his country as a major in the Virginia militia and later became Commander in Chief of the Colonial Army during the Revolutionary War. He was among those who wrote the US Constitution in Philadelphia. People respected him for his courage, honesty and wisdom.
After the Revolutionary War Washington wanted to retire and live at Mount Vernon where he had a beautiful house and a big plantation. But he knew that his duty was to serve his country. He hurried off to New York City which was the capital then. On April 30, 1789, before a large crowd Washington promised to “preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United States”. So, George Washington became the first President of the country and served two terms. He refused the third term and in 1797 he retired to Mount Vernon where he died two years later.
Text 7
Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln was the 16th President of the USA. Like* George Washington, he takes a special place in the list of American presidents.
Abe grew up in the Middle West. His first home was a small, one-room house in the woods. His family was pioneers who helped to fight Indians and push the borders of the United States farther west. The family lived in poverty. His parents moved from Kentucky to Indiana when Abe was 7, and this was his home for 14 years. Thomas Lincoln, Abe’s father, hoped to make a better living there. Although Abe had little chance to go to school, he liked to read. Everyone liked him. But no one could say that this shy young man with a quiet voice would become one of the greatest American presidents.
In 1861 he became 16th American President. In the same year the Civil War began, so Lincoln had to lead the country through the four terrible years of war. He wanted the northern and southern states to stay together and he hated slavery. In 1863 he signed the Emancipation Proclamation – the document that made all the slaves free. This was a great event in the history of the United States. In 1865 the North won the Civil War. Five years after the war ended, president Lincoln was shot in Ford’s Theatre, Washington.
Text 8
White house
The White House is the residence of the president of the United States of America. It is situated in Washington. The White House was the first public building which was built in the capital of the USA. They laid the cornerstone in 1792.
In 1800 President John Adams and his wife moved into the building. At the beginning of the 19th century it was a light-grey structure made of sandstone. There were no conveniences in the house. There were no bathrooms and people brought water by hand into the house from a spring which was five blocks away.
Work continued on the structure when Thomas Jefferson became President. In 1814 the building got on fire. The fire burnt the interior to ashes, it destroyed a part of outer walls and the remaining walls got black. In 1818 they reconstructed and reopened the building. Its light-grey sandstone exterior became (turned) white to cover the effects of fire. Some people think it was from its white walls that the home of the president of the U.S.A. got its name. Other people believe that it got its name even before the fire when it was still grey. Nevertheless officially the president’s home got its name the White House in 1902.
Text 9
The statue of liberty
One of the most famous statues in the world stands on the island in New York Harbor. This statue is, of course, the Statue of Liberty. The Statue of Liberty is a woman who holds a torch up high. Visitors can go inside the statue. The statue is so large that as many as twelve people can stand inside the torch. Many more people can stand in other parts of the statue. The statue weighs 225 tons and is 301 feet tall.
The Statue of Liberty was a gift to the United States from the people of France in 1886. Over the years France and the United States had a special relationship. In 1776 France helped the American colonies gain independence from England. The French wanted to do something special for the U.S. centennial, its 100th birthday.
The French people gave money for the statue. Americans designed and built the pedestal for the statue to stand on. The American people raised money to pay for the pedestal. The French engineer Alexander Eiffel, who was famous for his Eiffel Tower in Paris, figured out how to make the heavy statue stand.
In the years after the statue was put up, many immigrants came to the United States through New York. As they entered New York Harbor, they saw the Statue of Liberty holding up her torch. She symbolized a welcome to a land of freedom.
Text 10
Modern Babylon
Some people call New York a poem in steel and stone, others a monster. It doesn’t look like any other city in the world.
At the beginning of the seventeenth century only the wigwams of the Iroquois stood where the sky-scrapers of New York now touch the clouds. In 1626 the Dutch Governor, Peter Minuit, bought a large island from Indians. Later the Indians named this island Manhatta (today Manhattan, one of the famous parts of New York).
Beginning from the end of the 18th century the city’s real growth began. As it is situated at the mouth of the Hudson River, which is open to ocean-going ships all the year round, New York quickly became one of the largest ports in the world.
After the war of Independence in 1776, New York City became the first capital of the new country. After only one year, however, the capital was moved to Philadelphia, where they built a new city as the capital of the U.S.A., Washington D.C.
At the beginning of the 19th century millions of poor people came to the United States from different countries of Europe. Hundreds of thousands of them settled down in New York. That is why people call it the “Modern Babylon”. At present more Irish live in New York than in Dublin, more Italians than in Rome. Emigrants from 70 countries and all the continents of the world, all speaking their own languages, make up this “Modern Babylon”.
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 3
Содержание
Требования к выполнению контрольных работ
Требования к выполнению внеаудиторного чтения
Подготовка к зачету
Контрольная работа № 3
Тексты по внеаудиторному чтению (10 000 печатных знаков)
Требования к выполнению контрольных работ
Контрольные работы относятся к обязательным точкам, предусмотренным программой по иностранному языку для экономических вузов. Основной грамматический материал распределен по контрольным работам равномерно по мере нарастания сложности. Контрольные работы выполняются письменно. Выполненную контрольную работу следует отправлять на портал до начала сессии.
При положительной оценке контрольные работы защищаются устно во время сессии.
Требования к выполнению внеаудиторного чтения
Тексты по внеаудиторному чтению читаются и переводятся до сессии. На занятиях будьте готовы устно перевести несколько абзацев из каждого текста по выбору преподавателя. Незнакомые слова можно вынести отдельно в свой словарь, или подписать прямо в тексте.
Подготовка к зачету
Допуском к зачету являются выполненная и защищенная контрольная работа
№ 3, и защита внеаудиторного чтения (чтение, устный перевод, ответы на вопросы).
На зачете будьте готовы побеседовать с преподавателем по одной из предложенных тем.
Контрольная работа № 3
Text 3. Civil law
Civil law may be defined in opposition to three alternatives.
Civil as opposed to criminal law. Civil in the sense of secular law, as opposed to ecclesiastical or other forms of religious law. Civil law as a legal system, based on a code of laws (such as the Code Napoleon developed in France), as opposed to the common law system, based on the doctrine of precedent.
The meaning thus depends on the context. A criminal case may be decided in a civil court if that court is a secular rather than a religious one or is the court of a continental legal system, such as that of France. But a civil court in the first sense, such as the Chancery Division of the High Court, is not going to hold a murder trial; instead, such a case would be heard in a criminal court, eg the Crown Court.
Some types of civil law
Contract
The law of contract is concerned with the formation and interpretation (or ‘construction’) of written or oral agreements between companies or individuals. A contract does not have to be written down to be a binding contract. Disputes over contracts may concern whether or not a contract ever came into existence, what its various terms and conditions actually meant, whether one party has broken (‘breached’) the contract and, if so, what remedy (such as damages, an injunction or specific performance) should be ordered.
Tort
A tort is a legal wrong. A claim based on a tort usually requires the claimant to establish that the defendant owed a ‘duty of care’ and that they broke that duty. Classic types of claim in tort are those based on negligence, nuisance, defamation, misuse of private information, etc. Sometimes a claim may involve both contract and tort, but a claim based in tort does not require there to be any contract between the parties, simply that one of them owed the other a duty. Such a duty may have been developed either at common law or under a statute.
Company law
Company law is concerned with the formation and regulation of companies and corporations, which are separate legal persons from the individuals who own them (usually by acquiring shares in the capital value of the company), known as ‘members’, and those who manage and direct their activities, known as ‘directors’. When a company’s debts exceed its income and capital it becomes insolvent, and may be put into administration or, eventually, wound up altogether. There may be claims by different classes of creditor and regulatory proceedings may be taken against the directors. Company law covers all these matters.
Revenue law
Revenue law deals with disputes over the assessment of taxes and duties levied on organisations and individuals by the government. Types of tax include income tax, corporation tax, capital gains tax, inheritance tax, VAT etc are all covered. Revenue law is so called after the Inland Revenue department, now merged with Customs and Excise (responsible for levying duties such as import duty, excise duty etc) to form Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (HMRC).
Intellectual property law
IP law as it is often called is concerned with rights and duties relating to patents, designs, copyright and trade marks. Patents protect scientific inventions which often have an industrial or commercial value. Design rights protect the commercial value of a product’s design. Copyright is concerned with artistic works, whether written, composed or created in some other artistic way (thus a painting or illustration would generally be protected by copyright rather than a design right). Trade marks protect the identity and reputation of businesses. Claims for ‘passing off’ (where a business passes itself or its products off as being those of another business) are also considered part of intellectual property law. Some intellectual property rights have to be registered before they can be enforced but others do not. Disputes may arise over whether a person was entitled to register the right and whether such registration was valid.
Media and communications law
Media law deals with disputes over the regulation of and the content published or broadcast by media organisations and individuals (such as journalists) who generate that content. Information law is concerned with rights (such as Freedom of Information) and duties (such as data protection) relating to information. Communications law includes telecommunications, the internet and social media, though there is considerable overlap with media and information law. They are all among the types of business dealt with by the Media and Communications List in the Queen’s Bench Division.
Family law and the Court of Protection
Family law is concerned with marriage and divorce, children, and matrimonial finance. Some issues involving children are described as private law cases, because they only involve private individuals (usually the parents or guardians) but other disputes, such as care proceedings involving the local authority and other parties, are described as public law cases.
Cases involving children may relate to medical treatment for which, by virtue of their age, or lack of capacity, they are unable to provide consent. Similar cases involving adults lacking capacity are dealt with by the Court of Protection, which also deals with administrative issues such as where an adult lacking capacity should live and decisions about their financial affairs.
Text 4. The Constitution
The United Kingdom (the UK) has three separate legal systems: one each for England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. This reflects its historical origins. The answers below deal primarily with the legal system of England and Wales but make reference to other parts of the UK where relevant.
The UK has an unwritten constitution in that there is no single written document that sets out the rights of individual citizens and how the Government should act. The UK constitution is comprised of a variety of sources, some of which are written (such as statutes) and others (such as constitutional conventions), which are unwritten.
The constitution is unitary in that the Parliament in Westminster is the supreme law-making authority. Since 1999, devolution has provided for the transfer of powers from the Westminster Parliament to assemblies in Cardiff (Wales) and Belfast (Northern Ireland), and the Scottish Parliament in Edinburgh. However, other law-making bodies, such as the devolved assemblies or local authorities, derive their law-making authority from powers that they have been granted by the Parliament in Westminster.
Constitutional conventions are an important non-legal and unwritten source of the constitution. Constitutional conventions may be defined as: "…rules of constitutional behaviour which are considered to be binding upon those who operate the constitution but which are not enforced by the law courts…nor by the presiding officers in the House of Commons" (Marshall and Moodie, Some Problems of the Constitution). An example of a constitutional convention is that the monarch always gives Royal Assent to a bill, if advised to do so by the Prime Minister.
As constitutional conventions are "non-legal" they do not require a procedure for their creation. If they become obsolete, they can be dispensed with without any formal step being taken.
General constitutional features
[1] like a city – похож на город.
[2] used to do – обычно делали.
Приложение 6
к рабочей программе
Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования
УРАЛЬСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ
УТВЕРЖДЕНЫ
на заседании кафедры
иностранных языков
МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ ПО ВЫПОЛНЕНИЮ
КОНТРОЛЬНЫХ РАБОТ ДЛЯ СТУДЕНТОВ
ЗАОЧНОЙ ФОРМЫ ОБУЧЕНИЯ
по дисциплине
иностранный язык
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 1
(Английский язык)
Содержание
Требования к выполнению контрольных работ
Грамматический материал контрольной работы №1
Контрольная работа № 1 Вариант № 1
Контрольная работа № 1 Вариант № 2
Контрольная работа № 1 Вариант № 3
Требования к выполнению контрольных работ
Контрольные работы относятся к обязательным точкам, предусмотренным программой по иностранному языку для экономических вузов. Основной грамматический материал распределен по контрольным работам равномерно по мере нарастания сложности. Контрольные работы выполняются письменно. Грамматический комментарий перед контрольной работой поможет Вам в ее выполнении.
При положительной оценке контрольные работы защищаются устно во время сессии.
В первом семестре выполняется контрольная работа №1.
Контрольная работа предлагается в трех вариантах. Вы должны выполнить один из трех вариантов в соответствии с первой буквой вашей фамилии: студенты, чья фамилия начинается
с букв А, Б, В, Г, Д, Е, Ж, З, И - выполняют вариант 1,
с букв К, Л, М, Н, О, П, Р, С - вариант 2,
с букв Т, У, Ф, Х, Ц, Ч, Ш, Щ, Э, Ю, Я - вариант 3.
Выполненную контрольную работу следует отправлять на портал до начала сессии.
Подготовка к зачету:
Допуском к зачету является выполненная и защищённая контрольная работа № 1.
На зачете будьте готовы побеседовать с преподавателем по одной из предложенных тем:«О себе», «Моя семья», «Рабочий день», «Средства массовой информации», «Студент и современные средства коммуникации», «Персональный компьютер и интернет».
