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Ex. 4 . Read and translate the word combinations , taken from the text .Стр 1 из 7Следующая ⇒
МИНИСТЕРСТВО ТРАНСПОРТА РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ БЮДЖЕТНОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ВЫСШЕГО ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ «УЛЬЯНОВСКОЕ ВЫСШЕЕ АВИАЦИОННОЕ УЧИЛИЩЕ
Авиационный английский язык
Учебная тема «История авиации. Международная организация
Учебно-методическое пособие
Рекомендовано редакционно-издательским советом института
Ульяновск 2015 УДК 8111.111(075.8) ББК Ш143.21–9я7 А20
Авиационный английский язык. Учебная тема «История авиации. Международная организация гражданской авиации»: учеб.-метод. пособие / сост. Е. Л. Воро-нянская, Г. С. Громова, Л. М. Федечко. – Ульяновск: УВАУ ГА(И), 2015. – 41 с.
Содержит систему упражнений и текстов аутентичного характера для развития и закрепления фонетических, лексических и грамматических навыков. Разработано в соответствии с государственным общеобразовательным стандартом высшего профессионального образования Российской Федерации и рабочей программой по дисциплине «Авиационный английский язык». Предназначено для проведения практических занятий с курсантами и студентами заочной формы обучения направлений подготовки 162001.65, 25.05.05 – Эксплуатация воздушных судов и организация воздушного движения, 161000.62, 25.03.03 – Аэронавигация, 162700.62, 25.03.04 – Эксплуатация аэропортов и обеспечение полетов воздушных судов, а также для самостоятельной работы курсантов (студентов) и авиаспециалистов в процессе профессионального образования. УДК 8111.111(075.8) ББК Ш143.21–9я7
ОГЛАВЛЕНИЕ Section I. History of Aviation. 3 Section II. History of Russian Aviation. 17 Section III. International Civil Aviation Organizations. 30 Библиографический список. 40
Section I. Ex. 1. Practise reading these proper names.
Ex. 2. Practise reading these international words.
Aviation, design, term, legend, ocean, form, idea, parachute, propeller, balloon, passenger, mile, stability, version, person, distance, engineer, aerodynamics, basis, dirigible, pioneer, construction, machine, monoplane, biplane, bomber. Ex. 3. Study the Glossary.
History of Aviation Part 1 Aviation is defined as the design, manufacture, use, or operation of aircraft – in which the term aircraft refers to any vehicle capable of flight. For centuries man has dreamed to fly with the birds. An ancient Greek legend tells us about Daedalus who was imprisoned by King Minos. With his son, Icarus, he made wings of wax and feathers. Daedalus flew successfully from Crete to Naples, but Icarus flew too high to the Sun. The wings of wax melted and Icarus fell to his death in the ocean. The first form of an aircraft was the kite, designed in the 5th century BC. Later on in the 13th century, Roger Bacon, an English monk, performed studies which later gave him the idea that air could support a craft just like water supports boats. In the 16th century, Leonardo da Vinci studied birds' flight, and later produced the airscrew and the parachute. The airscrew, leading to the propeller later on, and the parachute were tremendously important contributions to aviation. The first successful vehicle was lighter-than-air hot air balloon invented by the Montgolfier brothers. They used the smoke from a fire to blow hot air into a silk In 1783, the first passengers in the colorful balloon were a sheep, rooster and duck. It climbed to a height of about 6,000 feet and traveled more than 1 mile. After this first success, the brothers began to send men up in balloons. The first manned flight was on November 21, 1783. Some of the most important developments in actual flight and stability occurred in the 19th century. British Sir George Cayley designed different versions of gliders that used the movements of the body. He also recognized that there would be a need for power if the flight was to be in the air for a long time. However the first person to design a glider that could fly a person and was able to fly long distances was a German engineer, Otto Lilienthal. He wrote a book on aerodynamics that was published in 1889 and used by the Wright Brothers as the basis for their designs.
Airships were originally called ¢dirigible balloons¢ and are still sometimes called dirigibles today. Airship design and advancement was pioneered by the German count Ferdinand von Zeppelin. Construction of the first Zeppelin airship began in 1899 and its first flight, on July 2, 1900, lasted for only 18 minutes. Although airships were used in both World War I and II, and continue on a limited basis to this day, their development has been largely overshadowed by heavier-than-air craft. On December 17, 1903, at 10:35 a.m. in Kitty Hawk, the Wright brothers made the first heavier-than-air, machine-powered flight which lasted 12 seconds and covered 120 feet. Their ¢Flyer¢ became the first successful airplane. Before World War I, airplane design greatly improved. Monoplane designs were rare, and when World War I began, huge biplane bombers with two to four engines were developed. The first four-engine aeroplane to fly was the highly successful ¢Russian Knight¢ biplane designed, built and flown by Igor Sikorsky in 1913. Ex. 7. Read the text again and answer these questions. 1. Define the term ¢aviation¢. 2. What was the first form of an aircraft? 3. Who designed the first hot-air-balloon? 4. What made a glider fly? 5. When was the first efficient airship constructed? 6. Who performed the first controlled powered flight? When did it take place? Ex. 8. Match the date with the event, person and flying vehicle.
Ex. 9. Match the headings with the parts of the text. Put them in the logical order and use as a plan to retell the text. 1. Early aviation. 2. Introduction. 3. Airships. 4. The 19th century. 5. Kitty Hawk and after. 6. Myths and legends. Ex. 10. Fill in the chart. Use your dictionary where necessary.
Ex. 11. Match the words in column A with their synonyms in column B.
Ex. 12. Match the words in column A with their antonyms in column B.
Ex. 13. The words are taken from the text. Match the words with their definitions given below. Use them in the sentences of your own. Glider airship 1. A person traveling by bus, train, ship, plane etc. 2. Something with wheels and an engine. 3. An apparatus used for a jump from a plane or for dropping supplies etc. 4. A framework covered with paper or cloth, made to fly in the wind at the end of a long string or wire. 5. An aircraft having a large bag filled with gas to make it float and an engine to move it. 6. An aircraft without an engine. 7. Two or more blades which turn to move a ship, helicopter, plane etc. 8. A fixed-wing aircraft with one main set of wing surfaces. Ex. 14. Give definitions to the words. Aviation, aircraft, balloon, wing, biplane, heavier-than-air craft. Ex. 15. Fill in the gaps with the correct prepositions where necessary. … the beginning … time man dreamed … leaving the Earth, but when … last he was … the ground it became evident that his craft totally depended … the winds. The balloonist could fly only … the direction the wind was travelling. Aviation got its start … 10.35 … 17th … December, 1903 … Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, when Orville Wright left … the ground … a 12 second self-propelled flight. … a century aviation has become a significant industry which … many ways benefits the lives … individuals and society as a whole. Ex. 16. Practise reading these international words and expressions. Technology, airplane, aluminum, period, pilot, record, factor, international, radar, commercial aviation, military, transport, airliner, cabin, metal, result, regularly, comfort, mass, millions of passengers, revolutionary progress, materials, digital revolution, techniques, autonomous, computer-controlled model aircraft, industry, aspect, segment of transportation system, millions of dollars, business, service.
Ex. 17. A: Practise reading related words. Related words can have different stress patterns. Mind that in nouns the stress falls mainly on the first syllable, in verbs – on the second.
B: Add some other words you know. Ex. 18. Study the Glossary.
Ex. 19. Read and translate the word combinations, taken from the text. To be made from wood and fabric, to be made of aluminum, to be eager to show off their new skills, to take part in air races, to achieve records, to become a decisive factor, ex-military aircraft, to feature pressurized cabins, to result in high-speed turbojet airplanes, to be able to fly supersonically, to make transoceanic flights, to operate regular jet services, to establish new levels of comfort, safety and passenger expectations; to put into operation, to be superseded by the Airbus A380; to make revolutionary progress in flight speeds, distances and materials technology fly-by-wire systems and digital revolution both in flight avionics and in aircraft design and manufacturing techniques; to eliminate the pilot in favor of remotely operated or completely autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Ex. 20. A: Read the text and match the headings with the parts of the text. 1. The digital age (1980 – present). 2. After World War II. 3. During World War II. 4. The role of aviation in modern life. 5. Between the World Wars (1918–1939). B: Put the headings in the logical order and use as a plan to retell the text. History of Aviation Part 2 The years between World War I and World War II saw great advancements in aircraft technology. Airplanes evolved from low-powered biplanes made from wood and fabric to high-powered monoplanes made of aluminum, based primarily on the work of Hugo Junkers during the World War I period and its adoption by American designer William Bushnell Stout and Soviet designer Andrei Tupolev. After World War I experienced fighter pilots were eager to show off their new skills, taking part in air races. Amelia Earhart was perhaps the most famous of those. She was also the first female pilot to achieve records such as crossing of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. During World War II, aircraft became a decisive factor in war. The largest operator of all international airlines in operation at this time was Pan American Airways. Aircraft production increased significantly.
After World War II and by 1947 all the basic technology needed for aviation had been developed: jet propulsion, aerodynamics, radar and commercial aviation had grown rapidly, using mostly ex-military aircraft to transport people and cargo. With all the new technologies developed by this time, airliners became larger, faster, and featured pressurized cabins. New aerodynamic designs, metals, and power plants would result in high-speed turbojet airplanes. These planes would later be able to fly supersonically and make transoceanic flights regularly. USSR's Aeroflot became the first airline in the world to operate regular jet services on September 15, 1956 with the Tupolev Tu-104. The Boeing 707 and DC-8 which established new levels of comfort, safety and passenger expectations, introduced the age of mass commercial air travel. In 1969 Boeing put into operation the Boeing 747 – the largest commercial passenger aircraft ever to fly, which still carries millions of passengers each year, though it has been superseded by the Airbus A380. The last quarter of the 20th century saw a change of emphasis. No longer was revolutionary progress made in flight speeds, distances and materials technology. This part of the century instead saw the spreading of the fly-by-wire systems and digital revolution both in flight avionics and in aircraft design and manufacturing techniques. At the beginning of the 21st century, digital technology allowed subsonic military aviation to begin eliminating the pilot in favor of remotely operated or completely autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). In October 2003 the first totally autonomous flight across the Atlantic by a computer-controlled model aircraft occurred. Aviation has come a long way since its birth and now represents a very important industry. It is an industry touching every aspect of our lives, of our growth and our future. Civil aviation has developed to the point where it is now the largest and, in many ways, the most important segment of the whole transportation system, representing thousands of jobs, millions of dollars, the growth of thousands of cities, businesses, services and manufacturing facilities throughout the world. Ex. 21. Fill in the chart. Use your dictionary where necessary.
Ex. 22. Match the words in column A with their synonyms in column B.
Ex. 23. The words are taken from the text. Match the words with their definitions given below. Use them in the sentences of your own. Russian Aviation Part I Background The origin of Russian aviation goes back to theoretical projects of the 1880s by pioneer Russian scientists such as Nikolai Kibalchich and Alexander Mozhaysky. During the 1890s aviation innovation was further advanced by Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. In 1904 Nikolai Zhukovsky established the world's first Aerodynamic Institute in Kuchino near Moscow. In 1910 the Imperial Russian Army purchased a number of French and British aeroplanes and began training its first military pilots. In August 1912 the Imperial Russian Air Service, formerly part of the Engineer Corps, became a separate branch of the army. In 1913 Igor Sikorsky built the first four-engine biplane, the Russky Vityaz, and his famous bomber aircraft, the Ilya Muromets. In the same year Dmitry Grigorovich built several 'M-type' flying boats for the Imperial Russian Navy. In 1914 Russian aviator Jan Nagórski conducted the first ever flights in the Arctic looking for the lost expedition of polar explorer Georgy Sedov. Russian air service At the beginning of World War I, Russia's air service was second only to that of France (263 aeroplanes and 14 airships), although the bulk of its aircraft was too outdated to be of much use. After the October Revolution of 1917 Russian Air Service was dissolved; more than 1300 aeroplanes became a basis of Workers' and Peasants' Air Fleet. More than two-thirds of those aeroplanes were foreign-made. In spite of Russia's need for airframes and engines, only about 5,600 aeroplanes were built in Russia before October 1917. Russian Aviation Part II Aeroflot and after On March 26, 1932, the Civil Air Fleet was renamed Aeroflot, a word created by combining 'Aero' with 'flot', the Russian word for fleet. By that time, Aeroflot had about 200 aircraft. In order to reduce its reliance on foreign aircraft, the Soviet government decided in 1935 to use only domestically designed transport aircraft for air service. By the mid-1930s, such Soviet workhorses as Kalinin's K-5, Tupolev's ANT-9, and Bartini's Steel-7 were in wide use by Aeroflot. One of the most spectacular Russian aircraft of the period was Tupolev's ANT-20, a giant six-engine airplane that could carry more than 70 passengers. One foreign aircraft that remained popular, despite the government order, was the American DC-3, which was license-built in Russia under the name Li-2.
Aeroflot had three main goals: to operate an air transport system; to provide different types of services such as aerial surveying, forest-fire fighting, and By the beginning of World War II, Aeroflot was mainly a domestic freight carrier, but the Second World War had a major positive impact on the technical development of the aircraft and Aeroflot advanced into a very important airline with social, political and economic effects. In 1991 after the disintegration of the USSR, Aeroflot fell apart into five hundred local carriers. It seemed that sound competition among the airlines could solve all the problems, but actually the violation of standards and recommended practices aggravated flight safety. The establishment of strict standards reduced the number of airlines to 227. At present there are about 112 airlines in Russia and civil aviation is one of the most promising branches of the economy of our country. В: Answer these questions. 1. When and where was the first regular passenger service opened in our country? 2. What air company performed the flights? 3. What aircraft did it use? 4. What year is considered to be the birth of Aeroflot? 5. Why did the Second World War have a positive impact on the development of aviation? 6. What happened to civil aviation in our country after the disintegration of the USSR? Ex. 15. Match the words in column A with their synonyms in column B.
Ex. 16. Match the words in column A with their antonyms in column B.
Ex. 17. The words are taken from the text. Match the words with their definitions given below. Use them in the sentences of your own. Библиографический список 1. International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) (Doc 9835 AN/453).Manual on the Implementation of ICAO Language Proficiency Requirements = Руководство по внедрению требований ИКАО к языковой подготовке / Approved by the Secretary General and published under his authority. – First edition. – Montreal: ICAO, 2004. 2. The Aviation Dictionary for Pilots and Aviation Maintenance Technicians. – U.S.A.: Jeppesen Sanderson, Inc., 2006. – 390 p.. 3. Марасанов, В. П. Англо-русский словарь по гражданской авиации: около 24000 терминов / В. П. Марасанов. – 2-е изд., испр. и доп. – М.: Скорпион-Россия, 1996. – 560 с. 4. Девнина, Е. Н.Новый англо-русский и русско-английский авиационный словарь: Свыше 100000 терминов, сочетаний, эквивалентов и значений с транскрипцией / Е. Н. Девнина; под ред. И. И. Павловца; МАИ. – М.: Живой язык, 2008. – 544 с. 5. Thirty Thousand Feet – Aviator Directory. – Режим доступа: www.thirtythousandfeet.com/. – Загл. с экрана. 6. Международная организация гражданской авиации. – Режим доступа: www.icao.int. – Загл. с экрана. 7. The International Air Transport Association. – Режим доступа: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Air_Transport_Association. – Загл. с экрана. 8. History of aviation. – Режим доступа: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ 9. How Did We Learn to Fly Like the Birds? – Режим доступа: http://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/5-8/features/F_Fly_Like_Birds.html. – Загл. с экрана. 10. History of flight. – Режим доступа: http://global.britannica.com/ 11. The Imperial Russian Air Service.– Режим доступа: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_Russian_Air_Service. – Загл. с экрана. 12. Russian Aviation History. – Режим доступа: http://avstop.com/history/ 13. SKYbrary. – Режим доступа: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SKYbrary. – Загл. с экрана. 14. Animated history of aviation. – Режим доступа: www.youtube.com/
Учебно-методическое пособие
Авиационный английский язык
Учебная тема «История авиации.
Составители: Воронянская Елена Львовна Галина Степановна Федечко Людмила Михайловна
р едактор Е. А. Нестерова Компьютерная верстка И. А. Ерёминой
Печать трафаретная. Усл. печ. л. 2,56. Уч.-изд. л. 2,22. Тираж 400 экз. Заказ № 13.
 РИО и типография УВАУ ГА(И). 432071, г. Ульяновск, ул. Можайского, 8/8
МИНИСТЕРСТВО ТРАНСПОРТА РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ БЮДЖЕТНОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ВЫСШЕГО ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ «УЛЬЯНОВСКОЕ ВЫСШЕЕ АВИАЦИОННОЕ УЧИЛИЩЕ
Авиационный английский язык
Учебная тема «История авиации. Международная организация
Учебно-методическое пособие
Рекомендовано редакционно-издательским советом института
Ульяновск 2015 УДК 8111.111(075.8) ББК Ш143.21–9я7 А20
Авиационный английский язык. Учебная тема «История авиации. Международная организация гражданской авиации»: учеб.-метод. пособие / сост. Е. Л. Воро-нянская, Г. С. Громова, Л. М. Федечко. – Ульяновск: УВАУ ГА(И), 2015. – 41 с.
Содержит систему упражнений и текстов аутентичного характера для развития и закрепления фонетических, лексических и грамматических навыков. Разработано в соответствии с государственным общеобразовательным стандартом высшего профессионального образования Российской Федерации и рабочей программой по дисциплине «Авиационный английский язык». Предназначено для проведения практических занятий с курсантами и студентами заочной формы обучения направлений подготовки 162001.65, 25.05.05 – Эксплуатация воздушных судов и организация воздушного движения, 161000.62, 25.03.03 – Аэронавигация, 162700.62, 25.03.04 – Эксплуатация аэропортов и обеспечение полетов воздушных судов, а также для самостоятельной работы курсантов (студентов) и авиаспециалистов в процессе профессионального образования. УДК 8111.111(075.8) ББК Ш143.21–9я7
ОГЛАВЛЕНИЕ Section I. History of Aviation. 3 Section II. History of Russian Aviation. 17 Section III. International Civil Aviation Organizations. 30 Библиографический список. 40
Section I. Ex. 1. Practise reading these proper names.
Ex. 2. Practise reading these international words. Aviation, design, term, legend, ocean, form, idea, parachute, propeller, balloon, passenger, mile, stability, version, person, distance, engineer, aerodynamics, basis, dirigible, pioneer, construction, machine, monoplane, biplane, bomber. Ex. 3. Study the Glossary.
Ex. 4. Read and translate the word combinations, taken from the text. Any vehicle capable of flight, wings of wax and feathers, to support a craft in the air, tremendously important contributions to aviation, the first successful vehicle, lighter-than-air hot air balloon invented by the Montgolfier brothers, to be attached to a basket, to climb to a height of about 6,000 feet, the first manned flight, different versions of gliders, to be able to fly long distances, a book on aerodynamics, airship design and advancement, on a limited basis, the first machine-powered flight, to last 12 seconds, to cover 120 feet. Ex. 5. Answer these questions. Tell the class. 1. Who do you think was the first mythological hero to leave the ground? 2. What in your opinion was the first successful flying vehicle? 3. When did civil aviation get its start? 4. When did the man first orbit the Earth? Ex. 6. Read the text and check your answers. History of Aviation Part 1 Aviation is defined as the design, manufacture, use, or operation of aircraft – in which the term aircraft refers to any vehicle capable of flight. For centuries man has dreamed to fly with the birds. An ancient Greek legend tells us about Daedalus who was imprisoned by King Minos. With his son, Icarus, he made wings of wax and feathers. Daedalus flew successfully from Crete to Naples, but Icarus flew too high to the Sun. The wings of wax melted and Icarus fell to his death in the ocean. The first form of an aircraft was the kite, designed in the 5th century BC. Later on in the 13th century, Roger Bacon, an English monk, performed studies which later gave him the idea that air could support a craft just like water supports boats. In the 16th century, Leonardo da Vinci studied birds' flight, and later produced the airscrew and the parachute. The airscrew, leading to the propeller later on, and the parachute were tremendously important contributions to aviation. The first successful vehicle was lighter-than-air hot air balloon invented by the Montgolfier brothers. They used the smoke from a fire to blow hot air into a silk In 1783, the first passengers in the colorful balloon were a sheep, rooster and duck. It climbed to a height of about 6,000 feet and traveled more than 1 mile. After this first success, the brothers began to send men up in balloons. The first manned flight was on November 21, 1783. Some of the most important developments in actual flight and stability occurred in the 19th century. British Sir George Cayley designed different versions of gliders that used the movements of the body. He also recognized that there would be a need for power if the flight was to be in the air for a long time. However the first person to design a glider that could fly a person and was able to fly long distances was a German engineer, Otto Lilienthal. He wrote a book on aerodynamics that was published in 1889 and used by the Wright Brothers as the basis for their designs. Airships were originally called ¢dirigible balloons¢ and are still sometimes called dirigibles today. Airship design and advancement was pioneered by the German count Ferdinand von Zeppelin. Construction of the first Zeppelin airship began in 1899 and its first flight, on July 2, 1900, lasted for only 18 minutes. Although airships were used in both World War I and II, and continue on a limited basis to this day, their development has been largely overshadowed by heavier-than-air craft. On December 17, 1903, at 10:35 a.m. in Kitty Hawk, the Wright brothers made the first heavier-than-air, machine-powered flight which lasted 12 seconds and covered 120 feet. Their ¢Flyer¢ became the first successful airplane. Before World War I, airplane design greatly improved. Monoplane designs were rare, and when World War I began, huge biplane bombers with two to four engines were developed. The first four-engine aeroplane to fly was the highly successful ¢Russian Knight¢ biplane designed, built and flown by Igor Sikorsky in 1913. Ex. 7. Read the text again and answer these questions. 1. Define the term ¢aviation¢. 2. What was the first form of an aircraft? 3. Who designed the first hot-air-balloon? 4. What made a glider fly? 5. When was the first efficient airship constructed? 6. Who performed the first controlled powered flight? When did it take place? Ex. 8. Match the date with the event, person and flying vehicle.
Ex. 9. Match the headings with the parts of the text. Put them in the logical order and use as a plan to retell the text. 1. Early aviation. 2. Introduction. 3. Airships. 4. The 19th century. 5. Kitty Hawk and after. 6. Myths and legends. Ex. 10. Fill in the chart. Use your dictionary where necessary.
Ex. 11. Match the words in column A with their synonyms in column B.
Ex. 12. Match the words in column A with their antonyms in column B.
Ex. 13. The words are taken from the text. Match the words with their definitions given below. Use them in the sentences of your own.
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ã ФГБОУ ВПО «Ульяновское высшее авиационное 
Подписано в печать 19.01.2015. Формат 60´90/16. Бумага офсетная.
