The Circulatory System/ Сердечнососудистаясистема

Level B

Vocabulary

to make up - составлять

vessel - сосуд

flow - течь

circulation - кровообращение

heart - сердце

arteries - артерии

capillaries - капиляры

veins - вены

ventricle - желудочек

brain - мозг

arterioles - артериолы

carbon dioxide - углекислыйгаз

to remove - перемещать

replace – менять

to inhale - вдыхать

venules - венулы

to pump – качать

 pick up - собирать

oxygen-soaked – кислородосодержащий

quart – кварта (единица объема в Великобритании)

fist - кулак

Reading

Circulatory System

    The circulatory system is made up of the vessels and the muscles that help and control the flow of the blood around the body. This process is called circulation. The main parts of the system are the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins.

    As blood begins to circulate, it leaves the heart from the left ventricle and goes into the aorta. The aorta is the largest artery in the body. The blood leaving the aorta is full of oxygen. This is important for the cells in the brain and the body to do their work. The oxygen rich blood travels throughout the body in its system of arteries into the smallest arterioles.

    On its way back to the heart, the blood travels through a system of veins. As it reaches the lungs, the carbon dioxide (a waste product) is removed from the blood and replace with fresh oxygen that we have inhaled through the lungs.

Veins and Arteries

Arteries

    Arteries are tough, elastic tubes that carry blood away from the heart. As the arteries move away from the heart, they divide into smaller vessels. The largest arteries are about as thick as a thumb. The smallest arteries are thinner than hair. These thinner arteries are called arterioles. Arteries carry bright red blood! The color comes from the oxygen that it carries.

Veins

    Veins carry the blood to the heart. The smallest veins, also called venules, are very thin. They join larger veins that open into the heart. The veins carry dark red blood that doesn't have much oxygen. Veins have thin walls. They don't need to be as strong as the arteries because as blood is returned to the heart, it is under less pressure.

Heart

Heart is the strongest muscle. Heart is divided into two sides. The right side pumps blood to your lungs where it picks up oxygen. The left side pumps oxygen-soaked blood out to your body. They do not work on their own, but together as a team. The body's blood is circulated through the heart more than 1,000 times per day. Between five and six thousand quarts of blood are pumped each day. Your heart is about the same size as a fist.

 

Answer the following questions.

What does Circulatory System consist of?

What is circulation?

What is the largest artery in the body?

What do know size of your heart?

What are the main elements of blood?

How many liters of blood are in the human body?