My Father: An Egyptian Teacher

For all those who have had the honour of being called “teacher”.

 The head teacher realised that the young teacher was worried about his first lesson at the school.

 

* “Don’t worry, you have all the qualities to be a good teacher!” he said. “You are very natural with the students. You’re serious and responsible, warm but strict ". That is what I’ve learnt about you in the short time you’ve been here. You will need to discipline the students, but you’ll be fatherly and gentle.”

 

* “Do you think so? I’ve always prepared my lessons well,” said the teacher. “I give myself goals and plan how to achieve them. I plan an introduction and then use steps. And I like to use paintings and pictures,” said the teacher

 

*That’s good. You’ve come with fresh ideas,” answered the head. “I believe that a teacher mustn’t silence his students. He must inspire them and encourage them to communicate and to take part in conversations.” “You don’t want to spoil the students,” warned the head.

 

* “Oh, I won’t. We should encourage them to move around the class. We can change the design of the classroom: if there’s a discussion, the students can sit in a circle or semicircle. We could even have the class outside, under the trees!” said the teacher.

 

* Good luck with your first class tomorrow,” said the head

 

The head teacher left him dreaming about his new life as a teacher. He believed that his was the most important job: he was society’s engineer, helping to build it. A teacher is like the layers of the earth: whatever level you reach, you can dig deeper to find more layers that are even richer than before. His was the best job in the world.

Choose the correct answer:

1-The teacher thinks that students should not be silenced because he wants them to (appreciate – communicate – deviate - graduate) and to take part in conversations.

2-The head teacher warns the teacher not to (respect - spoil – order – involve) the students.

3-The teacher thinks he is like society’s engineer because he is hoping to (destroy - build – harm – paint) it.

4-The young teacher is serious, responsible, warm but (strict – funny – crazy – rude).

Answer the following questions:

5-Why did the head teacher think the young teacher did not need to worry?

6-How does the young teacher plan his lessons?

7-In what ways is a teacher like the layers of the earth?

8-Find words in the passage which mean:

a) make someone realize a possible danger or problem

b) a large group of people who live together in an organized way

WORD STUDY

¨ Associate … with (v) يربط ذهنيا بين شيئين

·He always associates the smell of tobacco with his father.

¨ Associatewith (v) يُزامل/يُرافق/يُصادق

·Mona and Nora don't usually associate with each other after office hours.

¨ An associate (n) شريك في عمل

·Ali and Ahmed are my business associates.

¨ Associate (Adj.) تأتي قبل بعض الوظائف بمعني مُساعد

·Associate professorأستاذ مساعد                associate director

¨ Association اتحاد/نقابة/هيئة/جمعية

·Abdel Tawab Youssef set up the Children's Cultural Association in 1968.

¨ Inassociationwith بالإشتراك مع

·They are working in association with other researchers in England to find a vaccine for the virus.

¨ Association صلة/ترابط

·Studies show a strong association between smoking and cancer.

¨ Be associated with = be connected with مرتبط بــ

·There are problems which are associated with cancer treatment.

 

كلمة organization بمعني منظمة لها هدف عام مثل الحفاظ علي البيئة وغير هادفة للربح مثل الأمم المتحدة مثلا وكثير من المنظمات الدولية - في حين أن كلمة association تعني هيئة معينة أو جمعية أو نقابة تقدم خدمات لأعضائها المنتمين لها

بعض أمثلة للمنظمات الدولية:

The World Health Organization (WHO)        منظمة الصحة العالمية

The United Nations Organization (UN)              منظمة الأمم المتحدة

The World Trade Organization (WTO)              منظمة التجارة العالمية

The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) منظمة الأغذية والزراعة

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)                                    منظمة الأمم المتحدة للتربية والعلوم والثقافة

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¨ Culture (n) (C/U) الثقافة – beliefs, art, music, literature and customs in a particular معين Society

·In Western culture, it is rude to ask someone how much they earn.

·I love working abroad and meeting people from different cultures.

 

¨ Cultured (Adj.) مثقف/متحضر

·She is a well-read واسع الإطلاع and cultured woman.

 

¨ Cultural (Adj.)

·We need to have a better understanding of cultural diversity.التنوع

 

¨ Culture (n) مزرعة (ما يتم بأخذ عينة من مريض لمعرفة نوع الميكروب او الجراثيم لديه) (

·Microbial cultures are basic diagnostic methods. طرق التشخيص الأساسية

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¨ Politics (n) السياسة (بمعني أسلوب ادارة الحكم في دولة)/علم السياسة

·Let's not talk about politics. I hate it.

·My brother got a degree in politics from Cairo University.

 

¨ Policy (n) سياسة (بمعني مجموعة القواعد والمباديء المتبعة في عمل ما)

·It's not the hospital's policy to disclose the names of patients.

ليس من سياسة المستشفي أن تكشف عن أسماء المرضي

·We will make human rights the cornerstone of our foreignpolicy.

ستكون حقوق الإنسان هي حجر الزاوية في سياستنا الخارجية.

¨ Political Science (n. / U) العلوم السياسية

·He teaches political science at Harvard University.

 

¨ A Politician (n) شخص يعمل بالسياسة

·He is the most popular politician in the country.

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¨ Plan (n) خطة                             

·What are your plans for tomorrow?

¨ make a plan = work out a plan = draw up a plan  يُعد خطة            

¨ follow a plan يتبع خطة                    ¨ Carry out a plan           يُنفذ خطة        

¨ go according to plan يسير وفقاً للخطة ¨ An ambitious plan خطة طموحة    

¨ a detailed plan خطة تفصيلية  ¨ a rescue plan خطة إنقاذ      

¨ an action plan              خطة عمل ¨ a change of plan تغيير في الخطة

¨ Plan to + Inf. = plan on + V + ING (v) يُخطط             plan + n. يخطط لشيء

·They are planningto go on a trip to Italy.

·When do you planon going to London?

·She spent a month planning her trip.

 

¨ Planahead يخطط سلفاً                            ¨ as planned كما كان مخططاً له

¨ Planning تخطيط                                     ¨ family planning تنظيم الأسرة

·Good financial مالي planning is vital to business success.

 

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¨ Discipline (n) تأديب/تهذيب/انضباط/نظام

Teachers should be able to maintain يحافظ علي discipline in their classrooms.

¨ Discipline (v) يُهذب/يُعاقب

Different cultures have different ways of disciplining their children.

تختلف طرق معاقبة الأطفال بإختلاف الثقافات.

¨ Disciplinary (Adj.) نظامي/تأديبي

The investigation التحقيق led to disciplinary action اجراء تأديبي against two officers.

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¨ Be Responsible for = be in charge of              يكون مسئولا عن         

¨ Responsibility (n./C/U)               مسئولية                          

¨ Claim responsibility for               يدعي المسئولية عن              

¨ Take (accept/bear/shoulder responsibility for يتحمل المسئولية عن

¨ Act on (his) own responsibility     يتصرف علي مسئوليته الخاصة

¨ Avoid (shirk) responsibility يتجنب (يتحاشي/يتهرب من) المسئولية    

¨ A sense of responsibility إحساس بالمسئولية                            

¨ Take full responsibility for يتحمل المسئولية كاملة عن                

¨ Act responsibly يتصرف بطريقة مسئولة                                        

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Language Notes

 

۩ عند تحويل الصفات المنتهية بـ ly الي حال adv. نستخدم:

In a + adj. + way/manner

§ fatherly أبوي / motherly مرتبط بالأم / friendly / cowardly جبان / neighbourly ودود/عطوف / lovely / silly / ugly قبيح / brotherly أخوي / deadly مميت / lonely / likely محتمل / unlikely غير محتمل / heavenly سماوي / manly رجولي / lively حيوي/نشيط

· She spoke in a friendly way.         

· He behaved in a silly way.             

۩ لاحظ أن الأفعال المنتهية بـ ize يمكن أن تنتهي أيضاً بـ ise

§ realize = realise               § recognize = recognise

§ organize = organise     § economize = economise يقتصد

۩ تستخدم كلمة even للدلالة علي شيء غير متوقع وفي حالة وجود صفة بعدها تكون في حالة المقارنة:

· He didn't even have enough money to pay the rent.الايجار               

· I haven't even started making dinner.

· Frank played well last season and this season he has played even better.

۩ لاحظ طريقة كتابة ونطق السنوات:

1908 = Nineteen oh-eight

2015 = two thousand and fifteen / twenty fifteen

§ Grow up doing something:

· Many people have grown up reading the books of Abdel-Tawab Youssef.

§ Leave someone doing something

· The head teacher left him dreaming about his life as a teacher.

§ rest: فترة راحة

§ the rest (of): بقية..

· The doctors had told him to have complete bed rest for a whole week.

· What do you want to do for the rest of your life?

 

۩ لاحظ استخدام most/least مع الأفعال الآتية:

§ what do you most/least enjoy/like/love/hate about..?

§ what do you enjoy/like/love/hate most/least … about..?

§What I like/love/enjoy/hate most is/are…

· What do you most enjoy about your job? / What do you enjoy most about your job?

· What I liked most were the beautiful beaches.

 

§ conduct: سلوك

§ conduct (v): يوصل (الحرارة/الكهرباء)

§ conduct (a survey/a study/a poll استطلاع رأي/ an experiment): يُجري/يقوم بـ

§ A conducted tour: جولة سياحية بصحبة مرشد (جولة منظمة)

· He was arrested for unlawful conduct.  سلوك غير قانوني

· This material conducts electricity well.   توصل الكهرباء

· They conducted a survey to ask local residents السكان المحليون what they would like.

 

۩ لاحظ أن كثير من الكلمات تكتب بنفس الحروف سواء استُخدمت كإسم أو كفعل:

§ plan / ache / break / chat / demand / face / use / delay / stay

· I plan an introduction and then use steps.

· He made a plan for the lesson.

· The demandfor fish exceeds the supply. يزيد عن العرض

 

Words Often Confused

§ social (issues / problems / reforms اصلاحات) اجتماعي (له علاقة بالمجتمع)

§ sociable اجتماعي (للأشخاص – ويمكن أن تصف وقت تُمارس فيه أنشطة مع آخرين)

· Team sports help to develop a child's social skills.

· You can join a social club to make friends.

· She's a sociable child who'll talk to anyone.          

· We had a very sociable weekend.

Prepositions

be strict about something	متشدد في شيء	be responsible for	مسئول عن
be strict with someone	متشدد مع (شخص)	be in charge in	مسئول عن
important to/for	مهم لـ	have the honour of	ينال شرف..
be worried about	قلِق بشأن	communicate with	يتواصل مع
take part in	يشارك في	move around (the class)	يتحرك في أنحاء
good luck with	أتمني لك حظاً موفقاُ في	set up	يُنشيء / يُقيم
focus on	تركيز / يُركز	on TV	في التليفزيون
famous for = well-known for	مشهور بـ	on the radio	في الإذاعة
translate into	يترجم الي	show respect to	يُظهر الإحترام لـ
sit in a circle	يجلس في دائرة	under the trees	تحت الأشجار
make a plan for	يُعد خطة	an answer to	إجابة لـ
recommend something to someone	يقترح شيء علي شخص	find out	يعرف / يكتشف
lecture on/about	يُحاضر في	do a project about	يقوم بعمل بحث عن
be busy with	مشغول بـ	interested in	مهتم بـ
know about	يعرف عن	be a long way from	علي مسافة بعيدة من
sit by	يجلس بالقرب من	look forward to	يتطلع الي
in association with	بالمشاركة مع	expert on	خبير في
similar to	مشابه لـ	identical to	متطابق مع

Words and their synonyms

Raising children	تربية الأطفال	Bringing up children
teach	يُـعـَلِم	educate
schooling	التعليم (في المدارس)	education
siblings	أشقــاء	Brothers and sisters
spouse	الزوج/الزوجة	Husband or wife
Serious	خطير	dangerous
mistake	خطأ	fault
brave	شجاع	courageous
famous	مشهور	Well-known
blame	يلوم/يوبخ	Rebuke/scold

Words and their antonyms

responsible	مسئول	irresponsible	غير مسئول
strict	صارم/متشدد	lenient	متساهل
encourage	يشجع	discourage	يمنع
natural	طبيعي	unnatural	غير طبيعي
outside	خارج	inside	داخل
most	الأكثر	least	الأقل
remember	يتذكر	forget	ينسي
respect	احترام	disrespect	عدم احترام
successful	ناجح	unsuccessful	غير ناجح
gentle	مهذب/رقيق	unkind	غير عطوف
introduction	مقدمة	conclusion	خاتمة
maximum		Minimum
majority		Minority
Maximize		minimize
Understanding		misunderstanding

Irregular Verbs

bite/bit/bitten	يعض	bring/brought/brought	يحضر
bleed/bled/bled	ينزف	broadcast/broadcast/broadcast	يذيع
blow/blew/blown	يهب / ينفخ	build/built/built	يبني
break/broke/broken	يكسر / ينكسر	burn/burnt/burnt burn/burned/burned	يحرق/ يحترق
breed/bred/bred	يربي (حيوانات)	burst/burst/burst	ينفجر

Derivatives

verb	noun	adjective
associate     يربط	association جمعية/مؤسسة	associated                مرتبط
	minister                   وزير ministry                   وزارة	ministerial              وزاري
lecture     يُحاضر	lecture                  محاضرة lecturer                  مُحاضر	Lectured     مثقف/متحضر
influence     يؤثر	influence                   تأثير	influential                 مؤثر
discipline يهذب/يؤدب/يعاقب	discipline نظام/تأديب/انضباط	disciplinary            تأديبي
silence        يُسكت	silence    الصمت/السكوت	silent                        صامت
	responsibility      مسئولية	responsible            مسئول
	strictness     تشدد/صرامة	strict                متشدد/صارم
inspire          يلهم	inspiration            الهام	inspiring                    مُلهم
	importance              أهمية	important                    هام
differ         يختلف	difference      فرق/اختلاف	different                  مختلف
confide (in) يثق في	confidence               الثقة	confident                   واثق
	intelligence             الذكاء	intelligent                  ذكي
Spoil يفسد/يدلل		Spoiled مدلل
	Seriousness جدية/خطورة	Serious جاد/خطير

Collocations and Vocabulary for Translation & Essay Writing

give advice	ينصح/يُسدي النصيحة	conduct a survey	يُجري استطلاع رأي
give a lecture	يلقي محاضرة	attend a lecture	يحضر محاضرة
groundwater = underground water	المياه الجوفية	existence	وجود
urban areas	المناطق الحضرية	rural areas	المناطق الريفية
contamination = pollution	التلوث	petroleum derivatives	مشتقات البترول
giant projects	مشروعات ضخمةأو عملاقة	keep up with	يساير/يواكب
natural gas	الغاز الطبيعي	microscopic organisms	كائنات دقيقة
supply and demand	العرض والطلب	cost of living	تكلفة المعيشة
standard of living	مستوي المعيشة	gradual improvement	تحسن تدريجي
Mutual interests	مصالح مشتركة	Mutual benefit	فائدة متبادلة
multicultural	متعدد الثقافات	Cultural differences	الاختلافات الثقافية
Cultural identity	الهوية الثقافية	Cultural diversity	التنوع الثقافي
A political issue	قضية سياسية	Political life	الحياة السياسية
Political rights	الحقوق السياسية	A political party	حزب سياسي
Culture clash	تصادم الثقافات	The dominant culture	الثقافة السائدة
The culture of innovation	ثقافة التجديد والإبتكار	Cultural heritage	التراث الثقافي
Popular culture	الثقافة الشعبية	Cultural shock	الصدمة الثقافية
An insurance policy	بوليصة تأمين	Pubic policy	السياسة العامة
Economic policy	السياسة الإقتصادية	Foreign policy	السياسة الخارجية
Political geography	الجغرافيا السياسية	A political prisoner	سجين سياسي
A lack of discipline	عدو وجود نظام	A breach of discipline	اخلال بالنظام
Impose discipline	يفرض النظام أو الانضباط	Strict discipline	نظام صارم
Maintain discipline	يحافظ علي النظام	Disciplinary measures	اجراءات عقابية