Acute and chronic respiratory diseases

Acute and chronic respiratory diseases

Pregnant women often sick:

      + Аcute rhinitis, laryngitis, tracheitis

Acute sinusitis, pharyngitis

Acute bronchitis, pneumonia

Acute tonsillitis

Acute rhinitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis

How often have upper respiratory tract ill pregnant and non-pregnant women:

Pregnant women suffer more

                   + The frequency of the disease is the same

Pregnant on sick less often

As a rule, pregnant women do not suffer from these diseases

In pregnant dramatically increases the incidence

What disease is often found among pregnant women and is dangerous to the fetus

             + Flu Virus

Cytomegalovirus infection

Herpes simplex virus

Bacterial infection

Extra-genital chlamydia

If a woman is in labor and ill with acute influenza virus, what is its danger:

There is not danger both mother and fetus

High risk of fetal asphyxia

             + High risk of septic complications

High risk of bleeding in the early postpartum period

High risk of late postpartum hemorrhage

If a pregnant woman is ill flu during the first trimester of pregnancy, there is:

            + High risk of birth defects

There is not risk the fetus

High risk of down syndrome in the fetus

High risk of preterm delivery in the second trimester of pregnancy

High risk of premature detachment of placenta in the ii &iii trimester of pregnancy

Where are pregnant should be treated with uncomplicated flu:

             + At home

In the day hospital

In the infectious diseases hospital

In the medical ward General Hospital

In a maternity hospital

The pregnant lives in Almaty. She is complaining of headaches, increased body temperature during the day, chills, severe weakness, shortness of breath, muscle pain, nausea. One time there was vomit. After the examination there was diagnosis: 15-16 weeks of pregnancy. Flu. Suspected myocarditis? Where this patient should be treated:

At home

In the day hospital

             + In the infectious diseases hospital

In the City General Hospital

In a maternity hospital

The prevention of influenza and other viral respiratory infections in the Republic of Kazakhstan are regulated by Order of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan №:

666

              +722

406

239

422

Note the wrong answer. The flu virus:

Suppresses the immune response, incidence of flu increases

Leads the aggravation of chronic diseases (if any)

Leads pneumonia, otitis (sometimes turning in meningitis)

Leads the defeat of the cardiovascular and central nervous system

             + Leads the defeat of vision including blindness

Where is a person vaccinated against influenza (The order MH RK № 722 of 15.09.2010):

In any private medical facility

In any public health facility

In the establishment of an infectious

             + In specialized centers (grafting surgeries) for vaccination

Any medical or sanatorium institutions

Below is a list of the main anti-influenza drugs (The order MH RK № 722 of 15.09.2010). Note the extra point:

Of Antivirals

Antipyretics

Immunomodulatory agents

Vitamins and Minerals

                    + Drugs for the prevention of heart failure

At what stage of pregnancy women cannot be vaccinated against the flu:

At any stage of pregnancy

In the second trimester

In the third trimester

                               + In the first trimester

In the eighth month of pregnancy

When you need immunize the population, including pregnant women, against flu (order MH RK number 722 of 15.09.2010):

From September 15 to November 15

From September 1 to December 1

             + From October 1 to November 15

From October 1 to December 1

From October 15 to November 30

Why does the pregnant women ill primary bronchitis and aggravation to chronic bronchitis (what is the mechanism)

                      Diaphragm movement during pregnancy is limited

During pregnancy there is an edema

Placental lactogen increase

                      + The bronchial mucosa swells, the movement of the diaphragm is limited

During pregnancy the immune system is reduced

After the X-ray light the patient was diagnosed: 33-34 weeks of pregnancy. Community-acquired pneumonia. In order MH RK № 869 02.12.2011 is a list of key diagnostic procedures for the diagnosis of pneumonia. One of the following researches is an additional:

             + Сoagulogram

Smear microscopy of sputum Gram-stained

Cultures of sputum

Biochemical analysis of blood

General blood analysis

It is well known that pregnancy significantly increases the risk of death from varicella pneumonia. Mortality rate of 11-35%. What amount of vesicles is dangerous for the development of varicella pneumonia (Order of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan № 869 dated 02.12.2011)

More than 30 vesicles

More than 40 vesicles

More than 60 vesicles

More than 90 vesicles

                    + More than 100 vesicles

Особенности острых и хронических заболеваний мочевой системы у беременных. Осложнения беременности и послеродового периода. Алгоритм диагностики, лечение, профилактика. Значение скрытой бактериурии во время беременности.

Renal blood flow and glomerular filtration during pregnancy increase on:

10-15%

15-20%

20-30%

                               + 35-40%

40-50%

The cause of proteinuria and cylindruria in physiological pregnancy is:

Kidney glomerular filtration reduces

Renal tubular reabsorption increases

                               + Permeability of the renal epithelium increases

Reabsorption of sodium and water increases

Kidney glomerular filtration increases

The most common causative agents of pyelonephritis in pregnancy are (Савельева Г. М. и соавторы, 2006):

                    + Coliform organisms

Candida species

Microbial association

Anaerobes

The simplest (trichomonas)

Pyelonephritis often occurs in 12-15 weeks and 23-28 weeks. The reason is:

Formation and the maximum development of the placenta

Compression of the ureter by growing uterus

                               + Maximum release of corticosteroids

Changes the ecosystem of the vagina

A gradual rise in blood pressure

The peculiarity of pyelonephritis in the I trimester of pregnancy is:

Worn clinical

                               + Acute course of the disease

Lack of temperature response of pregnant women

Lack pielourii

Always have hematuria

The peculiarity of pyelonephritis in the II and III trimester of pregnancy is:

During Acute

The lack of temperature

                                + Worn clinical

Often complicated anuriey

Often accompanied by hematuria

Which antibiotics should be prescribed for the treatment of gestational pyelonephritis in the I trimester of pregnancy:

                                + Group penicillins

Cephalosporins

Nitrofurans

Macrolides

The aminoglycosides

At what stage of pregnancy can be cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, macrolides, nitrofurans, 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives administered for treatment pyelonephritis:

From 13 weeks                                                      

                               + From 15 weeks

From 24 weeks

From 28 weeks

From 36 weeks

Which antibiotic should be in the postpartum period administered cautiously, because its concentration in breast milk is very high:

Ampicillin

2nd generation cephalosporins

5th generation cephalosporins

The aminoglycosides

                                + Erythromycin

The differential diagnosis of chronic pyelonephritis should be the following complication of pregnancy carried out with:

Premature detachment of placenta

                               + Preeclampsia

Pregnancy-induced hypertension

The risk of preterm birth

Proteinuria in physiological pregnancy

If a pregnant woman has a latent (asymptomatic) bacteriuria, in 1ml. of urine has been detected:

                    + 100 000 or more bacteria

10,000 or more bacteria

50,000 or more bacteria

Not less than 90,000 bacteria

Not less than 70,000 bacteria

The antibiotic therapy is prescribed for pregnant patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria, because it…:

Does not impact on the incidence of pyelonephritis

                                  + Reduces frequency of pyelonephritis

Has a toxic effect

Leads to allergies

Leads to the development of pyelonephritis

CMV infection

At postnatal CMV infection the incubation period is:

            +  From 3 to 8 weeks

From 1 to 2 weeks

From 2 to 3 weeks

From 1 month. up to 3 months

From 3 months. up to 5 months

ONCOGENIC INFECTION. HIV.

The maximum incidence of genital HPV infection (human papilloma virus) is noted in the age group:

            +   From 18 to 28 years

                From 21 to 30 years

From 25 to 35 years

From 30 to 45 years

After 45 years

 

HIV \ AIDS

In HIV-infected women are the most dangerous complication of pregnancy is:
Premature birth

             +   Fetal infection
The development of pre-eclampsia
Severe anemia
Prenatal rupture of membranes

The first sign of HIV infection of the child is:

            +  Underweight, neurological symptoms
Low-grade temperature
lymphadenopathy
Diarrhea
Skin rash

 Appointment of antiviral drugs t o pregnant women reduce the risk of fetal infection up to:

1-2%

10-50%

20-30%

80%

                   + 5-10%

HIV infection is an indication for cesarean delivery in the following case:

                   +   She did not receive antiviral treatment during pregnancy

In any case

When extragenital pathology in mothers

In acute viral infection in razhenitsy

Has received antiviral prparaty during pregnancy

Chlamydiosis, ureaplasmosis

During pregnancy, the treatment of urogenital chlamydiosis now is preferably carried out by:

Erythromycin

   +  Azithromycin

Clarithromycin

Amoxicillin

Clindamycin

The medicine of choice in the presence of atypical pathogens (mycoplasma, chlamydia) is:

                  +  Erythromycin

Metronidazole

Gentamicin

Carbenicillin

Cefuroxime

Mainly sexual way of transmission is typical:

For Chlamydia

For the herpes simplex virus

For Trichomonas

                   +   For chlamydia and trichomonas

For the herpes simplex virus and Trichomonas

VIRAL HEPATITIS

Pregnant women get sick with hepatitis "A" in comparison non-pregnant:

Much more often

Much less often

Significantly sharply

Leads death

                  +  Does not differ

Maternal mortality in viral hepatitis "E" in comparison the mortality among non-pregnant s is:

Equally

Below

                   + Above

Much more often

Does not differ

If the pregnant women with viral hepatitis has jaundice, the leading symptoms will be:

                  +  Intoxication

Dyspeptic phenomena

Pain in the liver

Catarrhal syndrome

Amnestic syndrome

The most severe viral hepatitis occurs during pregnancy:

In I-trimester

In II-trimester

                  +  In III-trimester

Before labor

In one month before the labor

Viral hepatitis 'E' in pregnancy may be complicated by:

Renal insufficiency

Diseases of the cardiovascular system

                  +  Acute massive hepatic necrosis

CNS lesions

Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract

Informative biochemical test in the prodromal stage of viral hepatitis A is:

Total bilirubin

The protein fraction of blood

                   +  Enzymes ALT, AST

Enzyme ALT

Cholesterol

Reliable criteria of hepatitis B virus replication in the organism is:

HBsAg carrier state

Anti-HBs and HBsAg

                  +  HBeAg and antibodies - HBAg of IgM

HBeAg and anti - HBcAg class IgG

Anti-Hbe antibodies

Нow chronic viral hepatitis affects pregnancy:

                   + Does not affect

                        Worsens the pregnancy

The health of the pregnant woman improves

Causes premature labor

Causes pre-eclampsia

How to prevent transmission of HCV from mother to fetus during pregnancy:

                  +  Avoid invasive prenatal diagnostic procedures (cordocentesis, chorionic villus sampling, etc.)

Treat with with antiviral drugs

To increase immunity

Treat with vitamins

Treat with hepatoprotectors

What is the term of the first dose of HBV vaccine for newborns in RK:

                   + 1-2 days

3-4 days

6-7 days

9-10 days

11-12 days

What is the term of the second dose of HBV vaccine for newborns in RK:

12 months

1 month

                   + 2 months

6 months

14 months

What is the term of the third dose of HBV vaccine for newborns in RK:

3 years

7 years

45 days

                   + 4 months

8 months

What kind of treatment is recommended for acute hepatitis "B" during the pregnancy:

                  +  Diet, correction of fluid and electrolyte balance, bed rest

Nutricion

Ribavirin

Lamivudine

Prednisolone

W here the labor is should take place, if HBsAg is found ed in the woman ’s blood:

In the physiological department

                  +   In the isolated chamber

In the gynecological department

In the postpartum department

In the neonatal department

The latent period for hepatitis "A" is:

                   + 15-45 days

10-15 days

20-25 days

50-60 days

5-10 days

Listeriosis

Listeriosis is an infecti ous disease caused by:

                  +  Bacteria

Viruses

The simplest

It occupies a middle position between bacteria and viruses

Fungus

RUBELLA

Rubella virus can be detected:

In the blood

in the urine

In the feces

In the discharge from the nose

                   +  All are characteristic of rubella

Brucellosis, toxoplasmosis

ВЕНЕРИЧЕСКАЯ ЛИМФОГРАНУЛЕМА

The causative agent of lymphogranuloma venereum is one of the varieties (serotypes):

            +  Chlamydia
Mycoplasma
Ureaplasma
Toxoplasma
Treponema pallidum

Venereal granuloma has a chronic course, which is divided in the following periods:

                 +   The primary, secondary, tertiary

Acute, subacute, chronic
Infection, prodromal period, the height of the disease
Light, medium, heavy, heavy for
Rash, abscess formation, the period of anorectal fistula

Commonly used methods for diagnosing lymphogranuloma venereum is:

Microbiological
Smear from the lesion

                  +   PCR ELISA

Serological tests
The intradermal test for the type of Mantoux test

 

 

Acute and chronic respiratory diseases

Pregnant women often sick:

      + Аcute rhinitis, laryngitis, tracheitis

Acute sinusitis, pharyngitis

Acute bronchitis, pneumonia

Acute tonsillitis

Acute rhinitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis

How often have upper respiratory tract ill pregnant and non-pregnant women:

Pregnant women suffer more

                   + The frequency of the disease is the same

Pregnant on sick less often

As a rule, pregnant women do not suffer from these diseases

In pregnant dramatically increases the incidence