Заглавная страница Избранные статьи Случайная статья Познавательные статьи Новые добавления Обратная связь КАТЕГОРИИ: АрхеологияБиология Генетика География Информатика История Логика Маркетинг Математика Менеджмент Механика Педагогика Религия Социология Технологии Физика Философия Финансы Химия Экология ТОП 10 на сайте Приготовление дезинфицирующих растворов различной концентрацииТехника нижней прямой подачи мяча. Франко-прусская война (причины и последствия) Организация работы процедурного кабинета Смысловое и механическое запоминание, их место и роль в усвоении знаний Коммуникативные барьеры и пути их преодоления Обработка изделий медицинского назначения многократного применения Образцы текста публицистического стиля Четыре типа изменения баланса Задачи с ответами для Всероссийской олимпиады по праву Мы поможем в написании ваших работ! ЗНАЕТЕ ЛИ ВЫ?
Влияние общества на человека
Приготовление дезинфицирующих растворов различной концентрации Практические работы по географии для 6 класса Организация работы процедурного кабинета Изменения в неживой природе осенью Уборка процедурного кабинета Сольфеджио. Все правила по сольфеджио Балочные системы. Определение реакций опор и моментов защемления |
What You Shouldn't Ask Right Away
If the kid has been living on the street for more than half a year, he normally has a shelter of his own. If he doesn't say it himself first, i i c v e r ask where that place is (when VDNFI children invited LIS to visit l heir attic " k i p " six months after we first met them, we took it as a sign of great confidence:). THE CHILDREN IT'S NOT TRUE that all the street children are dirty and shabby. Nou can surely see children like that on the street but. as a rule, they are either newcomers who had no time to adapt to the situation or those living on the street for a longtime, havinga long record of chemical dependency and paying no attention to their appearance. Very often these children suffer from brain lesions developing as a result of lheir drug abuse. However, a majority of street children look just as any other teenagers. I low can you identify them? TELLTALE SIGNS • Appearance. Street children almost never cany backpacks, bags or briefcases. It's hard to say why, but in contrast with homeless adults, street children always travel light. Probably it has something to do with a need to often flee from somebody which is easier to do without backpacks. • Loitering. Street children are never in a hurry. They spend their time sitting on the parapets or strolling around but there's no sense of direction in what they do. Their stare is unfocused even when they look at you. maybe due to a lack of interest or because a direct look in the eye can be interpreted by adults as aggressive intentions. • Pan handling. This is the street children's main method for making their living. While they often do it next to retail outlets, sometimes they do it on the street. footwear, often off-size and out of season, sometimes worn out. Getting new footwear is no easy thing - footwear handed out by charity organizations is rarely modern and of the needed size, while stealing footwear is more difficult than clothing. • I lands. The hands of the children suffering from chemical abuse are very dirty (when adding glue inside the polythene bag. it's hard to keep the hands clean and nobody cares about washing them after every fix). If the child is an intravenous drug user, his hands are unnaturally swollen and have a characteristic unhealthy appearance. • Often the polythene bag containing the glue is secreted inside a sleeve, so one sleeve is dangling loose or taut (when held by the hand) making the kid look a little askew. • Of course, these children can be easily identified by the paint smell. • The kids hangout in packs in specific locations. DWELLING The kids who recently ran away from home typically spend nights where they can. which makes finding them difficult. However, it's worth the trouble because this category has the best re-socialization prospects. Teenagers who become part of a street gang live in permanent, secret pads. Asking to show their pad soon after yon make the lirst contact is a bad idea because this info is considered secret and the perpetrator can be punished for the disclosure while the others will treat you with distrust. The children are very afraid to lose their "home" and be scut to hospital or an orphanage. These institutions arouse nothing but fear and rage. NIGHTS ARE SPENT In building basements In attics In elevator shafts Under the railway platform Anyhow, the pad is a difficult to access and, if possible, a dry place. "Amenities" may vary from cardboard sheets on the concrete floor to makeshift power supply, an immersion heater, TV and DVD player. The main function of the pad is to ensure a relatively quiet sleep and the possibility of a quick departure. HANGOUTS • At railway stations. Some of them - Belorussky, Rizhsky and
Saviolovsky — are least popular, we never saw any children there. At Kievsky, l.eningradsky, Yaroslavsky and Paveletsky stations, staff members told us that they had seen children looking like homeless, but we were unable to locate them despite all our efforts (we visited the station at different lime and on different days of the week). At Kazansky station, we have seen just one teenager who told us he normally hangs out at Ixursky railway station. It later turned out that Kursky station is indeed the favorite hangout of homeless children. • In crowded places. Near Pushkinskaya. VDXH, Alekseevskaya, Petrovsko-Razumovskaya subway stations. The reasons for choosing these locations: there's always somebody to solicit for money, one can easily get lost in the crowd, but the most important reason is the vicinity of a l) R l ' (i - S T O R F where one can buy drugs like stadol and butarphanol. In the initial stage of the project, some children were hanging out at Petrovsko-Razumovskaya subway station later moving to Alekseevskaya. Officially, stadol and butarphanol are not over-the-counter drugs, but... Near retail outlets located in the same areas. • In locations popular with tourists (Arbat. Okhotny Ryad, VDNH, etc.), lor the same reason — pan handling. FOOD A common opinion that street children are always hungry is not exactly true. Today, there are several Moscow-based organizations providing food for homeless people, including Salvation Army, Active Assistance to Children..Many Russian orthodox churches also provide food lorthe homeless. Inanition of the body is normally caused by systematic psychoactive substance abuse. Besides, the children have some money obtained by pan handling or by other methods. However, they prefer to spend this money on dm^s. Once we saw an amazing episode when a homeless teenager snatched a carton of cheap cigarettes from a drunken client at a tobacco kiosk. To our surprise, the agitated teenagers (all smokers) immediately started selling cigarettes to passers-by at half-price. - You are smokers, you could lust on these cigarettes for a couple of weeks, right? - What for? You can always ask for a cigarette. As for money, we need it right пою for a fix - the drug-store will close soon. A meal is often just a pretext for making contact. Sharing bread with someone implies a friendly conversation and you can find out a lot of interesting things from the very beginning. Our experience confirms the opinion that provision of this kind of assistance only leads to welfare mentality. Undoubtedly, provision of food and clothing is necessary to change the person but, without any psychological and sociopedagogical assistance, it would do more harm than good. When a person's only efforts are taken with the desire to get a fix. and the rest is delivered to him on a platter, the resulting vicious circle is very hard to break due to the absence of critical attitude to oneself and one's way ol life. Dope becomes an indispensable medicine and all life discomfort just an excuse for dependency. How can you stop drinking with a life like this! Ibis attitude is more often characteristic for adults. Children use psychoactive substances easily, it's a sort of fun and games in which they •.(. mi harm. When asked why they do it. a typical answer would be: / *ve got nothing to do anyway and I'm bored, a fix helps me cheer up. I lie Project's Target Audience I he largel audience may be divided into two subgroups: neglected i liildren and homeless children. Neglected children typically from.Moscow and its outskirts. irom conflicting and dysfunctional families. These children regularly run away from home for brief periods. Alternatively, they live at home
but spend all their time in the company of homeless children living the same criminalized life. Homeless children - come from all over Russia, including Moscow and Moscow region. Typically, they are either orphans or social orphans whose parents were deprived of their parents' rights. These children run away from their foster-parents or state-run custody institutions (orphanages or boarding schools). The main reason for the homeless children's plight is disparity between the child's needs and the capabilities of the state-run system ol social custody. Most homeless children run away from government orphanages. Frequently the child incapable of adapting to such an environment doesn't get any moral support or adequate expert assistance. On the contrary, children often encounter aggression from the staff or "Iher inmates. In some cases, the child's disadaption results in aggressive behavior. In our opinion, indifference, the absence of an adult being a positive role model and violence are the basic reasons for choosing the street. Characteristics The children are suspicious and, when contacted on the street, reluctantly speak of themselves or tell made-up stories, often introducing themselves by different names and telling different life stories. In most cases, this is done for fear of being sent back, although there may be other reasons for such behavior. Street contact is important for establishing a more trusting relationship, after which the children might show up at the MSF daytime center. After a while, the children become more open, disclose addresses and phone numbers of their i datives which makes possible data verification. At this stage, correctional therapy may be started. During their field assignments, we have encountered children who were "newcomers'* on the street. In most eases, these children are u-ady to change their situation, view their life on the street as unacceptable and often return home or agree to be sent to a shelter. been living at the railway station for в days. Sasha says that he spends nights at home. Valya is unkempt, dressed in warm windcheater and sneakers that fall apart. Says he was horn in Murmansk, later the family moved to Rostov-na-Do nit and some time ago the parents found a better-paid job in Moscow. According to the hoy. he ran away from home because he was tired oj his parents and looking for freedom, from conversation we find out that he had a quarrel with the parents. We accompanied the hoys to the MSI' daytime center where they took shower, had some food and then returned to Kursky railway station, promising us to come to the center on a regular basis. We never saw these boys again. Railway station "veterans" told us that they had returned home. In contrast with neglected children, an overwhelming majority of homeless children are not Muscovites hut come from Moscow region and neighboring ohlasts. Л small percentage of homeless children come from distant Russian regions and other CIS countries. /// December, one boy left for home in Belarus, a girl from the Orenburg region - to her brother living in Ryazhsk and yet another boy - to his parents living in Ryazan. All children encounter violence in the family and at government institutions (hoarding schools, shelters, clinics) which typically becomes the reason lor their running away. The children living on the street lor over a year very rarely haw a desire to change anything. They assess their life as satisfactory, although no one wants to live the rest of his life in the same manner. Very often they hope for a windfall (I'll find a treasure-trove, get an inheritance, steal and get away with it). The criteria of good and bad are based on the principle of survival. The same principle justifies any action. The most important values are money and force.
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