Lexicology As a Branch of Linguistics

Seminar 1

Lexicology As a Branch of Linguistics

Characteristic Features of the English Vocabulary

 

1. Lexicology as a branch of Linguistics dealing with the vocabulary of language. The subject-matter of Lexicology.

2. The word as the basic unit of the language.

1. The volume of the English vocabulary and its use.
2. The systemic character of the English vocabulary.
3. The theoretical and practical value of Lexicology

 

Reference

1. Arnold I.V. The English Word. М., 1986. pp. 9-14, 27-31

2. Zykova I.V. A Practical Course in English Lexicology. M., 2006. pp. 6-10, 44-45

3. Antrushina G.B., Afanasyeva O.V., Morozova N.N. English Lexicology. М., 2000. pp. 6-11

4. Ginzburg R.S. and others. A Course in Modern English Lexicology. М., 1979. pp. 7-12, 51-53, 195-199

5. Бабич Г.Н. Lexicology: A Current Guide. M., 2012, pp. 9 – 18

6. Арнольд И.В. Лексикология современного английского языка., М. 2012. Стр. 7-26, 28-35, 40-45, 83-96, 339-344

7. Lecture

 

Practical Task

Estimate the number of your English vocabulary using the method of calculation suggested by David Crystal.

 

Learn the definitions of the following terms and get ready for the terminology test.

1. Lexicology 8. word

2. General Lexicology 9. vocabulary

3. Special Lexicology 10. syntagmatic relations

4. Historical Lexicology (Etymology) 11. paradigmatic relations

5. Descriptive Lexicology 12. lexico-semantic groups

6. Comparative Lexicology 13. semantic fields

7. Contrastive Lexicology

 

 

Seminar 2

The Etymological Background of the English Vocabulary (I)

1. The notion of Etymology. The etymological background of the English vocabulary.

2. Native words in English: characteristic features, main groups.

3. The role of borrowings in the English vocabulary. Main groups of loan words in English.

Reference:

1. Arnold I.V. The English Word. M., 1986, pp. 252-255

2. Antrushina G.B. and others. English Lexicology. M., 2000, pp. 44-56

3. Ginzburg R.S. and others. A Course in Modern English Lexicology. M., 1979 pp. 160-166

4. Zykova I.V. A Practical Course in English Lexicology. M., 2006, pp. 103-106, 118-120

5. Бабич Г.Н. Lexicology: A Current Guide. M., 2012, pp. 20 - 29

6. Арнольд И.В. Лексикология современного английского языка. М. 2012. Стр. 221-231

7. Lectures.

Practical Tasks:

1. Zikova I.V. A Practical Course in English Lexicology. Ex. 1, 5, 6, 7, 21, 22, 23 pp. 110-117

2. Antrushina G.B. and others. English Lexicology. M., 2000, ex. 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 12 pp. 57-61

Learn the definitions of the following terms and get ready for the terminology test.

1. Etymology
2. basic word stock
3. native words
4. borrowing (as a process)
5. borrowings (loan words)
6. source of borrowing
7. origin of borrowing

 

Seminar 3

The Etymological Background of the English Vocabulary (II)

1. Assimilation of borrowings, types of assimilation, degree of assimilation.
2. Translation loans. Semantic borrowings. Folk etymology (Arnold I.V. p 131).
3. Etymological doublets.
4. International words in English.

Reference:

1. Arnold I.V. The English Word. M., 1986, pp. 255-261, 106-107, 131
2. Antrushina G.B. and others. English Lexicology. M., 2000, pp. 62-71, 276-278
3. Ginzburg R.S. and others. A Course in Modern English Lexicology. M., 1979 pp. 166-175, 191-193
4. Zykova I.V. A Practical Course in English Lexicology. M., 2006, 118-120. pp. 106-110
5. Бабич Г.Н. Lexicology: A Current Guide. M., 2012, pp. 30 - 35

6. Арнольд И.В. Лексикология современного английского языка. М. 2012. Стр. 231-263, 333 - 336

1. Lectures.

Practical Tasks:

1. Zikova I.V. A Practical Course in English Lexicology. Ex. 9, 11, 14, 15, 17 pp. 113-115

1. Antrushina G.B. and others. English Lexicology. M., 2000, ex. 2, 4, 6, 9, 10, 11 pp. 71-75

Learn the definitions of the following terms and get ready for the terminology test.

 

1. assimilation
2. phonetic assimilation
3. grammatical assimilation
4. lexico-semantic assimilation
5. realias
6. full/complete assimilation
7. partial assimilation
8. barbarisms
9. translation loans
10. semantic borrowing
11. folk/false etymology
12. etymological doublets
13. international words
14. hybrids

 

Seminar 4

Reference

1. Arnold I.V. The English Word. M., 1986, pp. 77-90, 101-102, 104-106, 116-118

2. Ginzburg R.S. and others. A Course in Modern English Lexicology. M., 1979, pp. 89-107, 251-254.

3. Zykova I.V. A Practical Course in English Lexicology. M., 2006, pp. 52-58, 61-67.

4. Бабич Г.Н. Lexicology: A Current Guide. M., 2012, pp. 36 - 42

5. Арнольд И.В. Лексикология современного английского языка. М. 2012. Стр. 104 – 107, 109 - 115

6. Lectures.

Practical Tasks

1. Zikova I.V. Ex. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 pp. 58-60; ex. 1, 2, 3, 6 pp.67-68

Learn the definitions of the following terms and get ready for the terminology test.

1. morpheme
2. allomorph
3. root morpheme
4. affix
5. prefix
6. suffix
7. derivational affix
8. functional/grammatical affix
9. free morpheme
10. bound morpheme
11. semi-affix
12. combining forms
13. pseudo-morpheme/quasi-morpheme
14. unique morpheme
15. morphological stem
16. morphemic analysis
17. derivational analysis
18. derivational structure
19. derivational base
20. derivational pattern

 

Seminar 5

Reference

1. Arnold I.V. The English Word. M., 1986, pp.90-101

2. Antrushina G.B. and others. English Lexicology. M., 2000, pp.78-86, 86-94, 104-114

3. Zykova I.V. A Practical Course in English Lexicology. M., 2006, pp. 70-78, 87-90, 91-96

4. Ginzburg R.S.. A Course in Modern English Lexicology. M, 1979, pp. 108-127, 140-159

5. Бабич Г.Н. Lexicology: A Current Guide. M., 2012, pp. 42 – 51

6. Арнольд И.В. Лексикология современного английского языка., М. 2012. Стр. 107- 109

Practical Tasks

1. Zykova I.V. A Practical Course in English Lexicology. Ex. 12, 13, 17, 18, 19, 20 pp. 83-87; ex. 1, 2, 11 pp. 97-101

2. Antrushina G.B. and others. English Lexicology. M., 2000, pp. 95-100, ex. 2, 4, 6, 7, 8; pp. 100-103, ex. 9, 10, 11; pp. 120-127, ex. 2, 3, 4, 6, 7

Learn the definitions of the following terms and get ready for the terminology test.

1. word-building

2. productivity

3. derivation

4. derivative

5. affixation

6. conversion

7. composition

8. compound word

9. simple neutral compound

10. derived compound

11. compound derivative

12. contracted compound

13. morphological compound

14. syntactic compound

15. (non)-idiomatic compound

 

 

Seminar 6

Reference

7. Arnold I.V. The English Word. M., 1986, pp. 134-152.

1. Antrushina G.B. and others. English Lexicology. M., 2000, pp. 115-120.

8. Ginzburg R.S.. A Course in Modern English Lexicology. M, 1979, pp. 184-191.

9. Бабич Г.Н. Lexicology: A Current Guide. M., 2012, pp. 51 – 54

10. Арнольд И.В. Лексикология современного английского языка., М. 2012. Стр. 115 – 197.

Practical Tasks

3. Zykova I.V. A Practical Course in English Lexicology. Ex. 1-8 pp. 79-81

4. Antrushina G.B. and others. English Lexicology. M., 2000, pp. 125-127, ex. 8, 9, 10.

Learn the definitions of the following terms and get ready for the terminology test.

1. shortening
2. apocope
3. aphaeresis
4. syncope
5. ellipsis
6. abbreviation
7. acronym
8. back-formation/reversion
9. blending/telescoping
10. reduplication
11. sound-imitation

 

 

Tutorial 1

General Revision

1. Revision.
2. Progress test 1

 

Seminar 7

Reference

1. Arnold I.V. The English Word. M., 1986, pp. 27-33, 37-50, 33-36.

2. Antrushina G.B. and others. English Lexicology. M., 2000, pp. 129-131.

3. Ginzburg R.S. and others. A Course in Modern English Lexicology. M., 1979, pp. 13-23, 25-28.

4. Zykova I.V. A Practical Course in English Lexicology. M., 2006, pp. 11-26.

5. Бабич Г.Н. Lexicology: A Current Guide. M., 2012, pp. 57 – 61

6. Арнольд И.В. Лексикология современного английского языка., М. 2012. Стр. 49 – 57, 35 - 40

7. Lectures.

Practical Tasks

Zykova I.V. A Practical Course in English Lexicology. Ex. 3 pp. 35-36

Learn the definitions of the following terms and get ready for the terminology test.

1. Semasiology 8. significative meaning

2. semantic structure of the word 9. denotational meaning

3. lexical meaning 10. connotational meaning

4. grammatical meaning 11. motivation

5. lexico-grammatical meaning 12. phonetic motivation

6. concept (notion) 13. morphological motivation

7. referent 14. semantic motivation

 

Seminar 8

Polysemy in English

1. Polysemy in English and its causes.

2. Lexico-semantic variants. The semantic structure of a polysemantic word.

Reference

1. Arnold I.V. The English Word. M., 1986, pp. 50-59

2. Antrushina G.B. and others. English Lexicology. M., 2000, pp. 131-142

3. Ginzburg R.S. and others. M, 1979, pp. 33-39

4. Zykova I.V. A Practical Course in English Lexicology. M., 2006, pp. 29-35

5. Бабич Г.Н. Lexicology: A Current Guide. M., 2012, pp. 57 - 65

6. Арнольд И.В. Лексикология современного английского языка., М. 2012. Стр. 58 - 82

Practical Tasks

Antrushina G.B. and others. English Lexicology. M., 2000, pp.142-146, ex. 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9 (b,c)

Learn the definitions of the following terms and get ready for the terminology test.

1. polysemy
2. lexico-semantic variant
3. lexico-semantic analysis
4. seme
5. componential analysis
6. semantic marker
7. semantic distinguisher
8. lexical context
9. syntactical context
10. mixed context

 

Seminar 9

Reference

7. Arnold I.V. The English Word. M., 1986, pp. 71-76, 60-71

8. Antrushina G.B. and others. English Lexicology. M., 2000, pp. 147-160, 279-280.

9. Ginzburg R.S. and others. M, 1979, pp. 28-29, 30-33.

10. Zykova I.V. A Practical Course in English Lexicology. M., 2006, pp. 27-29.

11. Бабич Г.Н. Lexicology: A Current Guide. M., 2012, pp. 65 - 70

12. Арнольд И.В. Лексикология современного английского языка., М. 2012. Стр. 58 - 82

Practical Tasks

1. Antrushina G.B. and others. English Lexicology. M., 2000, pp. 160-165, ex. 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10 (1 word).

1. Zykova I. V. ex. 4, 5, 6, 7 pp. 36-37

 

Learn the definitions of the following terms and get ready for the terminology test.

1. specialization of meaning
2. generalization of meaning
3. elevation of meaning
4. degradation (degeneration) of meaning
5. metaphor
6. metonymy

 

 

Tutorial 2

General Revision

1. Revision.
2. Progress test 2

 

 

Final Test

1. Theoretical question

2. Practical task

3. Terms

ПЕРЕЧЕНЬ ВОПРОСОВ К ЗАЧЕТУ

 

1. Lexicology as a branch of Linguistics. Different branches of Lexicology.
2. The word as the basic unit of language and the subject-matter of Lexicology.
3. The volume of the English vocabulary and its use, the changes in the vocabulary and their causes.
4. The systematic character of the English vocabulary. The problem of classifying English words.
5. The notion of Etymology. The etymological background of the English vocabulary.
6. The native element. Main groups of native words in English.
7. The role of borrowings in the English vocabulary. Main groups of loan words in English.
8. Assimilation of borrowings, types of assimilation, degree of assimilation.
9. Translation loans and semantic borrowings. Folk etymology.
10. Etymological doublets and international words in English.

11. The morphological structure of English words. Morphemes. Types of morphemes in English. Main structural types of English words.

1. The morphological analysis of English words: levels of the morphological analysis: morphemic and derivational; the method of Immediate and Ultimate Constituents,
2. Affixation in English. Types of derivational affixes and their classification. Polysemy, homonymy and synonymy of affixes.

14. Conversion. Semantic relations within a conversion pair.

15. Composition. Different types of compounds in English. The criteria of distinguishing compounds from word combinations.

1. Shortening in English. Clipping, abbreviation, ellipsis.
2. Minor types of word-building in English: back-formation (back-derivation, reversion), blending (telescoping), reduplication, sound imitation, sound interchange, distinctive stress. Mixed types of word-building in Modern English.
3. Semasiology. The word and its meaning. The main approaches to the problem of word meaning.
4. Types of word meaning. The semantic structure of the word. Types of lexical meaning.
5. Motivation. Types of motivation. Degrees of motivation.
6. Polysemy in English and its causes. Lexico-semantic variants. The semantic structure of a polysemantic word.

Seminar 1

Homonymy in English

 

1. The definition of homonyms.
2. Causes of homonymy. Sources of homonyms.
3. Classifications of homonyms.
4. The problem of homonymy and polysemy.

Reference

1. Arnold I.V. The English Word. M., 1986, pp. 182-194.
2. Ginzburg R.S. and others. A Course in Modern English Lexicology. M., 1979, pp. 39-46.
3. Antrushina G.B. and others. English Lexicology. M., 2000, pp. 166-175
4. Zykova I.V. A Practical Course in English Lexicology. M., 2006, pp. 33-35, 39-43.
5. Lectures.

Practical Tasks

1. Antrushina G.B. and others. English Lexicology. M., 2000, pp. 176-179, ex. 2-5; pp.181-182, ex. 7, 8.
2. Laboratory Work #10, pp.12-13.

3. Zykova I.V. A Practical Course in English Lexicology. Ex. 10, 11 pp. 38

 

Learn the definitions of the following terms and get ready for the terminology test.

1. homonyms

2. perfect homonyms, or homonyms proper

3. homophones

4. homographs

5. full homonyms

6. partial homonyms

7. lexical homonyms

8. lexico-grammatical homonyms

9. grammatical homonyms

10. simple homonyms

11. complex homonyms

 

 

 

Seminar 2

Lexical Synonyms in English

1. The definition of synonyms. The synonymic set and the synonymic dominant.
2. Types of synonyms.
3. Functions of synonyms in speech.
4. Sources of synonymy in English.
5. Euphemisms as a specific type of synonyms.
6. Paronyms.

 

Reference

 

1. Arnold I.V. The English Word. M., 1986. pp. 194-209
2. Antrushina G.B. English Lexicology. M., 2000. pp. 184-197, 209-216
3. Zykova I.V. A Practical Course in English Lexicology. M., 2006, pp. 40-41, 43-45
4. Ginzburg R.S. and others. A Course in Modern English Lexicology. M., 1979, pp. 55-59,
5. Lectures

 

Practical Tasks

1. Antrushina G.B. English Lexicology. M., 2000. Ex. 2-7 pp. 198-203; ex. 9, 11, 12, 13 pp. 204-208; ex. 2, 4, 5, 6 pp. 220-223
2. Laboratory work № 11, 12, 13.

 

Learn the definitions of the following terms and get ready for the terminology test.

1. Synonyms (according to V.V. Vinogradov)
2. Synonyms (according to E. B. Cherkasskaya)
3. Synonymic set
4. Synonymic dominant
5. Ideographic synonyms
6. Stylistic synonyms
7. Absolute/complete synonyms
8. Euphemisms
9. Paronyms

Seminar 3

Tutorial 1

Seminar 4

ENGLISH PHRASEOLOGY (I)

3. Phraseology as a branch of linguistics.

4. Similarity and difference between a set expression and a free word combination.

5. Similarity and difference between a set expression and a word.

Reference

1. Zykova I.V. A Practical Course in English Lexicology. M., 2006, pp. 128-131
2. Arnold I.V. The English Word. M., 1986. pp. 165-169, 174-177
3. Antrushina G.B. English Lexicology. M., 2000. pp. 225-234
4. Ginzburg R.S. and others. A Course in Modern English Lexicology. M., 1979, pp. 73-88
5. Koonin A.V. English Phraseology. M., 1970 pp. 7-36, 210-211.
6. Lectures

 

Practical Tasks

1. Zykova I.V. A Practical Course in English Lexicology. M., 2006, ex. 1, 2, 3 pp. 137-139
2. Antrushina G.B. English Lexicology. M., 2000. ex. 3, 4, 6-8, 10 p. 237-240.
3. Laboratory Work № 22, 23

 

Learn the definitions of the following terms and get ready for the terminology test.

1. Phraseology
2. Set expression
3. Phraseological unit proper/idiom
4. Phraseometic unit/phraseme
5. Semi-idioms

 

 

Seminar 5

ENGLISH PHRASEOLOGY (2)

1. Various ways of classifying set expressions in English – схемы + примеры:

a) V.V. Vinogradov’s classification (Arnold pp. 170, Antrushina pp. 245-247)

b) A.I. Smirnitsky’s classification (Antrushina pp. 249-250, Arnold pp. 174)

c) N.N. Amosova’s classification (Arnold pp. 171)

d) Functional classification (Arnold pp. 172-173, Antrushina pp. 248-249)

e) A.V. Koonin’s classification (Arnold pp. 171, Antrushina pp. 250-251)

f) Etymological classification (Zykova pp. 135-136)

g) Thematic classification (Antrushina pp. 242-245)

2. Features enhancing unity and stability of set expressions (Arnold pp. 177-179) - конспект.

3. Proverbs, sayings, familiar quotations and clichés (Antrushina pp. 234-236, Arnold pp. 179-181).

Reference

1. Zykova I.V. A Practical Course in English Lexicology. M., 2006, pp. 134-136

2. Arnold I.V. The English Word. M., 1986. pp. 170-181

3. Antrushina G.B. English Lexicology. M., 2000. pp. 234-236, 242-251

4. Koonin A.V. English Phraseology. M., 1970 pp. 306-340

 

Practical Tasks

1. Zykova I.V. A Practical Course in English Lexicology. M., 2006, ex. 11, 12, 13 pp.142-144

2. Antrushina G.B. English Lexicology. M., 2000. ex. 11-13 pp. 240-241, ex. 5-11 pp. 255-258

3. Laboratory Work № 19, 20, 24, 25

 

Learn the definitions of the following terms and get ready for the terminology test.

1. Phraseological fusions (V.V. Vinogradov’s classification)

2. Phraseological unities (V.V. Vinogradov’s classification)

3. Phraseological combinations (V.V. Vinogradov’s classification)

4. Idioms (A.I. Smirnitsky’s classification)

5. Phraseological units (A.I. Smirnitsky’s classification)

6.Traditional phrases (A.I. Smirnitsky’s classification)

7. Proverb

8. Saying

9. Familiar quotations

10. Clichés

 

 

Seminar 6

STYLISTIC DIFFERENTIATION OF THE ENGLISH VOCABULARY (1):
Neutral Words.
Literary-bookish Vocabulary in English.

 

1. Functional styles. The system of the stylistic differentiation of the English vocabulary.

2. Neutral words. Standard English Vocabulary.

3. Literary-bookish vocabulary in English:

a) general literary-bookish words;

b) special literary-bookish words.

 

 

Reference

1. Arnold I.V. The English Word. M., 1986. pp. 240-244.

2. Antrushina G.B. English Lexicology. M., 2000. pp. 12, 27-38.

3. Galperin I.R. Stylistics. M., 1977, pp.70-104.

4. Lecture.

 

Practical Tasks

1. Antrushina G.B. English Lexicology. M., 2000. ex. II, III, IV pp. 39-43.

2. Laboratory Work № 17.

 

Learn the definitions of the following terms and get ready for the terminology test.

1. Functional style
2. Standard English vocabulary
3. Neutral words
4. Stylistically marked words
5. General literary-bookish words
6. Special literary-bookish words
7. Terms
8. Poetic words
9. Neologisms
10. Obsolescent words
11. Obsolete words
12. Archaic words (proper)
13. Historical words
14. Barbarisms

 

 

Seminar 7

STYLISTIC DIFFERENTIATION OF THE ENGLISH VOCABULARY (2):
Informal Conversational Vocabulary in English

1. Colloquialisms in English:

a) literary-colloquial words;

b) familiar-colloquial words.

2. Substandard colloquial vocabulary:

a) low colloquial/vernacular words;

b) dialect words;

c) vulgarisms.

3. Slang.

Reference

1. Arnold I.V. The English Word. M., 1986. pp. 245-251.

2. Antrushina G.B. English Lexicology. M., 2000. pp. 13-21.

3. Galperin I.R. Stylistics. M., 1977, pp.104-122.

4. Lecture.

Practical Tasks

1. Antrushina G.B. English Lexicology. M., 2000. ex. III, IV pp. 23-26.

2. Laboratory Work № 16.

 

Learn the definitions of the following terms and get ready for the terminology test.

10. Colloquialisms

11. Literary colloquial words

12. Familiar colloquial words

13. Vernacular / low colloquial words

14. Dialectisms

15. Vulgarisms

16. Slang

17. General slang

18. Special slang

19. Jargonisms

20. Professionalisms

21. Argo / cant

 

 

Seminar 8

STANDARD ENGLISH.

Seminar 9

ENGLISH LEXICOGRAPHY

1. Lexicography as a branch of applied lexicology. Types of dictionaries.
2. Some debatable problems of modern lexicography (Arnold pp.276-281) - конспект.
3. Historical development of British and American lexicography (Arnold pp.281-285) - конспект.
4. Connection of Lexicology with other branches of linguistics.
5. Progress test 4.

Reference

1. Arnold I.V. The English Word. pp. 272-285, 14-18
2. Zykova I.V. A Practical Course in English Lexicology. pp. 187-200
3. Ginzburg R.S. and others. A Course in Modern English Lexicology. Pp. 210-233

 

Practical Tasks

1. Zykova I. V. A Practical Course in English Lexicology. M., 2006. – TEST pp. 217-224

2. Prepare a written analysis of an explanatory English dictionary following the given plan.

 

 

Tutorial 2

General Revision

1. Dictionary analysis.
2. Progress test 2

 

Seminar 1

Lexicology As a Branch of Linguistics