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Влияние общества на человека
Приготовление дезинфицирующих растворов различной концентрации Практические работы по географии для 6 класса Организация работы процедурного кабинета Изменения в неживой природе осенью Уборка процедурного кабинета Сольфеджио. Все правила по сольфеджио Балочные системы. Определение реакций опор и моментов защемления |
Unit 6. A concern for the environment
& 1. Read the introduction to the unit and answer the questions: 1. Which two kinds of natural resources ensure the well-being of our civilisation? 2. Since when have people lacked mineral resources? The well-being of our society depends on the resources provided by the earth. There are removable resources such as timber, food, and water, and non-renewable resources such as fossil fuels and minerals; the earth also provides maintenance of the life-support systems such as pollution absorption capacity. Until the world population reached 3 billion the means the earth provided were adequate. However, the present growth in population coupled with industrial growth has caused all the resources, which are limited, to be outstripped by human demands. And they are not just overexploited to a small degree: both society and the natural world are being destroyed at such a rate that the very survival of our species on this planet is now seriously threatened. & 2. Read the text and find words which are similar in meaning to the following. Then answer the questions.
ON THE EDGE OF EXTINCTION The chin may be too large and the arms too long, but when you look at an orangutan, you are often reminded of someone you know. And there's a simple reason. Humans share 97% of their genes with orangutans. Orangutans are found mostly in the rainforests in Indonesia, on the islands of Sumatra and Borneo. Tragically, the survival of these beautiful, human-like animals is being threatened. In the last fifty years, much of their natural habitat has disappeared. Nearly 80% of the rainforests in Indonesia have been destroyed, mainly by logging but also by forest fires. In parts of the rainforests, the noise of trees can be heard crashing to the ground every three or four minutes. According to studies by the WWFN (Worldwide Fund for Nature), as soon as trees reach a certain size - 20 cm in diameter - they are cut down and transported to the nearest port ready to be shipped as hardwood to the developed world, particularly the USA. The result of so much logging is that orangutans have been forced out of their natural habitat so rapidly that they may be completely wiped out. Their numbers have declined by 50% in the last 20 years. Fewer than 25,000 orangutans were recorded in 2001 and today there are only 15,000. For Indonesian wildlife this is a continuing tragedy. Says one wildlife officer in Borneo: 'If orangutans become extinct, part of our paradise will be destroyed.' But there is a glimmer of hope. A few years ago in Gunung Leuser National Park in Borneo, where the orangutans' natural habitat was being severely threatened, conservationists insisted that illegal logging should be stopped and tried to ban the international sale of hardwood from Indonesian rainforests. By December 2002 the sawmills there had been closed down and illegal logging had been vastly reduced. The question is: can anything more be done to save our magnificent red-haired cousin from extinction before it is too late? s 3. Answer these questions about the text.
@ 4. Complete the factfile about orangutans:
5. Look at the pictures and match them with the names of some endangered species from the Red Data Book of the Russian Federation (RDBRF), also known as Red Book:
Amur Sturgeon, Puffin, Golden Eagle, Ladoga seal _ 6. Talk about these questions: 1. What animals, birds or fish in our country are endangered? 2. What should people do to save them? Begin like that: To my mind,...
# 7. Fill in the gaps with the following words: ecosystem, back, chain, forever, disastrous Once they are gone, they are gone _________ and there is no going _________. Losing even a single species can have _________ impacts on the rest of the_________, because the effects will be felt throughout the food _________.
NATURAL RESOURCES s 8. Answer the questions in this quiz. 1. You decide to fly to an island 5,000 miles away for a holiday. How many trees would you need to plant to make up for the C02 emissions produced by the flight?
8 9. Listen to the answers to find out how environmentally aware you are. $ 8. Find in the unit English equivalents for the following Russian words and phrases. отблеск надежды, поведенческий, выгода, размножение, пищевая цепь, защитники природных ресурсов, обрушивающиеся на землю, уменьшаться, пагубный, химчисткa, выделение (углекислоты), обеспечивать, вымерший, беркут, среда обитания, настаивать, (прекратить) вмешательство, испытывать нехватку, система жизнеобеспечения, заготовка леса, великолепный, использовать природные ресурсы выше уровня их естественного восстановления, рай, топорик (порода птиц), лесопилка, Ладожская нерпа, суровый (об угрозе исчезновения), осётр, само выживание, угрожать, трагически, уничтожить /стереть с лица земли.
Unit 5. GLOBAL vs. LOCAL 1. Study the words and their meanings:
& 2. Read the text and match these titles to the four paragraphs.
In November 1999, a collection of 50,000 environmentalists, students, anarchists and ordinary members of the public gathered in Seattle, USA, to protest against a meeting there of the World Trade Organisation. The demonstration began peacefully, but by the end of the day, protestors had smash ed shop windows and destroy ed property, the police had fired plastic bullets and gas into the crowd, and a state of civil emergency had been declared. The 'Battle of Seattle' is now seen as the start of a world-wide anti-globalisation movement. Similar demonstrations have now spread outside of the USA and have become common in cities that host global monetary meetings. In London's financial district, anti-globalisation demonstrations take place annually every 1st of May. The largest protest so far took place in Genoa ['dZenJuJ], Italy, in 2001, where 300,000 demonstrators clash ed with police in a violent conflict: one person died and hundreds were injure d. Anti-globalisation protestors are protesting about the dominance in the world economy of large (usually American) multi-national companies. They consider that these companies spread their own western culture at the expense of other cultures, and that they exploit developing countries and the environment in general. Targets for violence and vandalism are often American companies such as McDonald's, GAP and Starbucks. In 1999, Jose Bove, a French farmer who had been in the Seattle protest, became a national hero when he demolished a new McDonald's as a protest about the standardisation of food, the impact of McDonald's on local businesses and the high level of US taxes on imported European food. s 3. Answer these questions about the text. 1. Why was Seattle chosen for the first anti-globalisation demonstration? 2. Was the demonstration completely peaceful? 3. When do anti-globalisation demonstrations regularly take place in London? 4. When was there a large demonstration in Genoa? 5. How many people died in that demonstration? 6. What sort of companies are anti-globalisation protestors protesting about? 7. Which three specific companies does the text mention? 8. What did Jose Bove do to protest about globalisation in France? 4. Can you match these American company names to their products? Can we buy their products in Russia?
[ 5. Find adverbs of frequency in this word snake. Put them in order starting with always and finishing with never. Tell the group if you like or dislike the American brands mentioned in 4 and why. 8 6. Listen to two people, Amy and Bill, discussing globalisation. Who expresses the following opinions? Write A for Amy and В for Bill. 1. Globalisation could harm the regional way of life........
2. Globalisation can help people who live within a small area........ 3. Worldwide, more people eat traditional food than fast food........ 4. People can enjoy products from many different cultures today........ 5. Large overseas companies have control over the non-alcoholic drink market........ 6. If not for globalisation, companies from different countries would not join together to do business........ 7. People who travel prefer to see unusual and exciting things instead of symbols used by big companies....... 8. Experiencing something from another country does not take away your feeling of belonging to your country........ 9. A range of different cultures can be reflected in food bought overseas... 10. No single company has complete control over the fashion industry........ 7. Now listen again and cover the listening script. Write the words or phrases from the conversation that mean the same as the words in bold in 6. way of life = culture, --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bill = B: Amy =A
^ 8. With your partner, make up your own dialogue of 4 to 6 phrases about advantages and disadvantages of globalisation. Use the words, phrases and some of the ideas from the unit. Act out your dialogue.
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