По специальностям сдм, гсх, эуп

СОСТАВИТЕЛЬ: ЗЕНИНА Е.С.

Рабочая программа по английскому языку для студентов заочной формы обучения по специальности СДМ.

Курс

Семестр I (Зачет)

Структура и содержание дисциплины

1. Выполнить контрольную работу №1 по методическим указаниям и контрольным заданиям по английскому языку, Волжский 2008 год, номер варианта соответствует последней цифре зачётной книжки.

Письменная контрольная работа выполняется согласно установленным требованиям в определенные сроки в отдельной тетради, и сдаётся для проверки в деканат.

Во время зачёта проверяется насколько успешно усвоен материал, вошедший в контрольную работу.

Для выполнения контрольной работы рекомендуем грамматический справочник учебника Л.Н.Андриановой «Курс английского языка для вечерних и заочных технических вузов», Москва «Высшая школа» 2001 год.

2. Сделать устные сообщения по темам:

1) Моя семья и друзья.

2) Мой рабочий день.

3) Наш институт.

Знать лексику по темам,читать,переводить темы,отвечать на вопросы.

3. Читать и переводить тексты по учебнику Л.Н Андриановой (стр.33, 45, 50, 57, 63)

Из текстов выписать незнакомую лексику в рабочую тетрадь.Тексты переводить устно с опорой на составленный словарь.

4. Выполнить грамматические упражнения по учебнику Л.Н Андриановой в рабочих тетрадях:

упр. 14 стр.38

упр. 16 стр.39

упр. 17 стр.49

упр. 18 стр.61

упр. 14 стр.73

Данное задание проверяется на зачёте.

 

УСТНЫЕ ТЕМЫ

MEET MY FAMILY (1)

Our family is not large: father, mother, my wife and me.

I'll start with myself. My name is Victor Petrov. I was born in Volgograd. When I was 16 years old our family moved to Volzhsky. At the age of 18 after leaving school I served in the army for two years. When I returned from the army I went to work as a mechanic at a plant. Last year I entered Volzhsky Institute of Civil Engineering and Technologies. I study at the Extra Mural Department. I'm married. My wife's name is Helen. She studies at a medical college, she is going to become a medical nurse in two years.

My father's name is Andrew. He is an architect. He is 45. He is a very good specialist in his line. My mother's name is Julia. She is about 40 years old but looks much younger. She's tall and slender. With her dark hair and brown eyes she looks very attractive, besides she is always well-dressed. She wears glasses because she is short-sighted. She works as a teacher at a technical college. My parents are very busy people but they find time for a theatre, exhibitions and of course for their friends.

We live in a modem block of flats. There are three rooms in our flat: a dining room, two bedrooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a toilet. Our flat has all modem conveniences — gas, central heating, cold and hot running water and a telephone.

We are a friendly family.

WORDS

meet - 1. встречать; 2. знакомиться

meet my family — познакомьтесь с моей семьей

be born — родиться

at the age of … — в возрасте...

be married — быть женатым; быть замужем

get married — жениться; выйти замуж

be single — быть холостым (незамужней)

be going to + глагол — собираться, намереваться что-л. делать

in his line — в своей области

start – начинать

leave - уезжать, покидать;

зд. закончить (школу)

serve – служить

for - для; за; в течение; так как

plant - завод; растение

study - учиться, изучать

become - стать, становиться

look - смотреть; выглядеть

besides кроме того

busy – занятый

find - найти, находить

of course – конечно

flat – квартира

block of flats - многоквартирный дом

convenience - удобство

central heating — центральное отопление

running water - водопровод

dining room — столовая

bedroom - спальня

kitchen — кухня

bathroom - ванная комната

MEMBERS OF THE FAMILY AND OTHER RELATIVES (ЧЛЕНЫ СЕМЬИ И ДРУГИЕ РОДСТВЕННИКИ)

parents – родители brother - брат

mother – мать sister - сестра

grandmother – бабушка husband - муж

father – отец wife - жена

grandfather – дедушка uncle - дядя

son - сын aunt - тетя

grandson – внук niece - племянница

daughter – дочь nephew - племянник

granddaughter – внучка cousin - двоюродный брат илисестра

NAMES OF PROFESSIONS

actor (actress) актер (актриса) mechanic механик

architect архитектор policeman полицейский

artist (= painter) художник reporter корреспондент, репортер

businessman бизнесмен scientist ученый

clerk служащий shop assistant продавец

cleaner уборщик, уборщица teacher преподаватель

driver водитель typist машинистка

economist экономист waiter официант

engineer инженер worker рабочий

librarian библиотекарь writer писатель

manager управляющий

QUESTIONS TO THE TEXT

1. What's the name and surname of the man who is telling us about his family?

2. Is Victor Petrov's family large or not?

3. Where and when was Victor born?

4. What did Victor do after leaving school?

5. How long did he serve in the army?

6. What did he do after he returned home?

7. When did he enter the Institute?

8. What is he going to become?

9. What's his wife's name?

10. Does she work or study?

11. Have they got any children?

12. What can you say about Victor's father (his name, his age, his occupation)?

13. What do you know about Victor's mother?

QUESTIONS TO THE TOPIC

1. What's your name (surname)?

2. Please spell (назовите по буквам) your name and surname.

3. Have you got a family?

4. What's your mother's (father's, sister's) name?

5. How old are you?

6. How old is your mother (father, sister, brother)?

7. What's your job?

8. What does your father (mother) do?

9. Does your brother (sister) work or study?

10. Do you work and study?

11. Where does your sister (brother) study or work?

12. What do you want to become?

13. Are you married or single?

14. What kind of house do you live in?

15. What kind of flat have you got?

16. Does your flat have all modern conveniences?

17. Can you say that you are a friendly family?

TRANSLATE INTO ENGLISH

а) Моя сестра живет с бабушкой в Петербурге. Ее зовут Марина. Ей 17 лет. В этом году она заканчивает школу. Она собирается поступать в Политехнический институт и хочет стать инженером.

б) У вас есть брат? — Да.

Как его зовут? Сколько ему лет? Он работает или учится? Где он учится? Кто он по специальности? Он женат? У него есть дети? Как зовут его сына (дочь)? Жена вашего брата работает или учится? Где они живут?

FILL IN THE INQUIRY

Surname (= Family name) Фамилия

Name(s) Имя (имена)

Sex (male, female) Пол (мужской, женский)

Place of birth Место рождения

Date of birth Дата рождения

Nationality Национальность

Passport No Паспорт №

Driver's license No Водительские права №

Permanent address (residence) Постоянное местожительство

Point of departure Место отъезда

Destination Место назначения

Date.......Signature Дата... Подпись

About myself (2)

My name is Marina Suvorova. I am 17.I was born on the 5^th of March, 1983 in Volgograd. Now I live in Volzhsky with my parents and my grandmother.

My family is not very large. We have five people in our family. My father's name is Vladimir Ivanovich He is forty years old. He is a doctor and he works at a hospital. My mother's name is Lyudmila Leonidovna. She is thirty nine years old. She is a housewife. My younger sister is a pupil. She is in the seventh form. My grandmother lives with us. She doesn't work. She is a pensioner. I love my family. We are all friends and we love each other.

We live in a big flat in a new house. There are four rooms in our flat: a living room, a study, a kitchen, a bathroom and two bedrooms. We have all modern conveniences: gas, hot water, running water, electricity and telephone.

I have my duties about the house. I must go shopping and clean the rooms. Its not difficult for me. I like our home to be clean and tidy. I think home is the nicest place. As the proverb says, «East or West, home is best». There is no place better than home, and your relatives are usually the most dear people to you.

I finished school number 92. We had many well-educated teachers at our school. I was a good pupil and I did well in all subjects. But my favourite subject at school was English. I spent much time on it reading books. I like reading. I like detective stories but I prefer to read historical novels or modern writers.

I have many friends. Most of them are my classmates. We spend much time together, go for a walk or to a disco party, talk about lessons, music, and discuss our problems.

I like to listen to modern music, but sometimes I like to listen to some classical music. My favourite composer is Tchaikovsky. I haven't much time to watch TV but sometimes I spend an hour or two watching an interesting film or a news programme. In the evening I often read newspapers or some interesting book. I like fresh air and exercises, but I have not much time for doing sports.

Last year I entered the Institute. My dream is to become an economist. I hope my dream will come true.

WORDS

parents — родители

housewife — домохозяйка

younger — младшая

pensioner — пенсионер

living room — жилая комната

study — кабинет

bathroom — ванная, туалет

bedroom — спальня

modern — современный

conveniences — удобства

running water — холодная вода

tidy — опрятный

proverb — поговорка

relatives — родственники

educated — образованный

favourite — любимый

to go in for sports — заниматься спортом

to prepare — готовиться

dream — мечта

to come true — исполняться

QUESTIONS

1. What is your name?

2. How old are you?

3. Where do you live?

4. How large is your family?

5. What are your father and mother?

6. How many rooms are there in your flat?

7. What conveniences have you got?

8. What are your duties about the house?

9. What was your favourite subject at school?

10. What books do you like to read?

11. What music do you like to listen to?

12. Do you go in for sports?

 

 

DAILY PROGRAMME (1)

Now I am going to tell you a few things about myself. As you already know, my wife, Helen, studies at a medical college and is going to become a medical nurse. I study too, but not in the daytime as Helen does. I am an evening student. Last year I entered Volzshsky Institute of Civil Engineering and Technologies.

If you think that it is easy to work in the daytime and to study in the evening at the same time, you are mistaken.1It takes a lot of effort. I have my hands full the whole week.2Now let's take, for example, my last Monday.

I woke up and looked at the alarm clock. It was half past six, just the time to get up. I jumped out of bed, opened the window and did my morning gymnastics, then I ran to the bath to have my morning shower. My morning exercises and shower help me to feel strong all day long. Then I shaved, cleaned my teeth, washed my face and hands, wiped them, brushed my hair and at last I was ready to have breakfast. It was a quarter past seven. As you can see, it took me 45 minutes to do all this.

I didn't spend much time on my breakfast, I had time only for a cup of coffee and a sandwich or two. In a quarter of an hour I was ready to leave home. I didn't have time to look through the morning paper, so I put it into my pocket to read it on my way to work. I ran downstairs and then to the Metro. I usually go to work by the Metro.

It was ten minutes to eight when I was at my work. I usually come a few minutes before my time to get everything ready. That Monday I worked as usual from 8 in the morning to 5 in the afternoon with an hour's break from 12 to 1 o'clock for lunch. By 12 I was rather tired but during the break I had lunch, a short rest and I was ready for the second half of my working day.

When the clock said 5, I was through with my work,4but I didn't go home, because three times a week, on Monday, Wednesday and Friday I have lectures, classes and lab work at the Institute. And as it was Monday, I hurried to the Institute.

When classes were over, I went home together with my friend who lives near me. In the evening I had supper, which I ate with great appetite and then I had a book by Chekhov and read it with great pleasure. I went to bed5at 12 o'clock.

On Sunday, when I have my day off I get up a little later and in the evening I go to the theatre, to the Philharmonic, if there is a good concert, or I stay at home and read some favourite book.

NOTES TO THE TEXT

1. you are mistaken-- вы ошибаетесь (заблуждаетесь)

2. I have my hands full the whole week. — У меня вся неделя занята.

3. it took me 45 minutes — мне потребовалось 45. минут

4. I was through with my work — я закончил работу

5. I went to bed — я лег спать

WORDS

study - заниматься, учиться

brush - причесываться

be mistaken – ошибаться

have breakfast (lunch, dinner, supper) завтракать (обедать, ужинать)

wake up – просыпаться

alarm clock - будильник

it takes me мне требуется

get up – вставать

sandwich - сандвич, бутерброд

do one's morning exercises - делать утренние упражнения

in a quarter of an hour - через четверть часа

run - бежать, бегать

run downstairs (upstairs) спускаться - по лестнице (подниматься по лестнице)

get one's morning shower - принимать утренний душ

shave – бриться

be through with one's work - заканчивать работу

clean one's teeth - чистить зубы

wash - умываться

eat with appetite - есть с аппетитом

wipe - вытираться

go to bed - ложиться спать

DAYS OF THE WEEK.

Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday.

Прочтите диалоги и выучите их наизусть:

QUESTIONS TO THE TEXT

1. Does Helen study in the daytime or in the evening?

2. What college does she study at?

3. When did Victor Petrov enter the Institute?

4. He studies in the evening, doesn't he?

5. When did he wake up?

6. What time was it?

7. What did he do in the morning after waking up?

8. When was he ready to have breakfast?

9. What did he have for breakfast?

10. How much time did it take him to get to work?

11. When did he come to work?

12. How did he go to work?

13. How many hours does he work on weekdays?

14. What time did he have his break for lunch and a short rest?

15. How many times a week does he have his lectures, classes and lab work at the Institute?

16. When did he go to bed?

QUESTIONS TO THE TOPIC

1. You work and study at the same time, don't you?

2. Where do you work and where do you study?

3. When do you get up on weekdays to be at your work in time?

4. What time do you have breakfast on weekdays?

5. What do you do in the evening on weekdays and on Sunday?

6. How many sessions do you have a year?

7. What subject do you like best of all?

TRANSLATE INTO ENGLISH

1. Какое сегодня число и день недели? — Сегодня среда, 1-е октября.

2. Который час, Виктор? — Пять минут девятого.— Спасибо.

3. Ты ездишь на работу автобусом или на метро?

4. Сколько раз в неделю ты занимаешься в институте? — Три раза.

5. Когда ты вчера пришел домой? — В половине десятого.

6. Когда ты встал? — В четверть седьмого.

7. В котором часу ты лег спать?-—В половине двенадцатого.

 

 

MY WORKING DAY (2)

My name is V.P. I am 20 years old. I work at the plant as a turner and study at the Evening Faculty of the Institute. I usually get up at 7 o'clock. I wash my hands and face, shave and dress. Then I have my breakfast. At 20 minutes to eight I leave the house. The plant is not far from my house. I don't go there by bus or by tram, I walk to the plant. My work begins at 8 o'clock. At 12 o'clock I have dinner. My working day lasts 8 hours. At 5 o'clock I finish my work and go home. Four times a week I have lectures classes and labs at the institute. I stay there till 10 o'clock. On my free evenings I usually read up before lectures and seminars at home or at the library. Sometimes, if the programme is interesting I watch TV. At 12 o'clock 1 go to bed.

QUESTIONS

1. Where do you work?

2. Where do you study?

3. When do you get up?

4. What do you do in the morning?

5. When do you leave the house?

6. Do you go to your work by bus or by tram?

7. When do you begin to work?

8. When have you dinner?

9. How many hours does your working day last?

10. At what o'clock do you finish your work?

11. I low many days a week do you go to the institute?

12. What do you do on your free days?

13. When do you go to bed?

WORDS

1. to get up - вставать

2. to wash - умываться

3. to shave- бриться

4. to dress - одеваться

5. to brush hair - причесываться

6. to put on - одевать

7. to leave (left, left) - покидать

8. to last - длиться, продолжаться

9. to go by bus - ездить на автобусе

10. dinner- обед

11. to have dinner - обедать

12. breakfast - завтрак

13. supper- ужин

14. to stay - оставаться

15. to watch TV - смотреть телевизор

16. to read up before - готовиться

 

THE INSTITUTE I STUDY AT

I study at Volzshsky institute of Civil Engineering and Technologies.

I'm a first-year student, and I meet a great number of students who, like me, come here to acquire knowledge and to storm the summits of science.

The Institute I go to was established in 1954. It trains specialists in various branches. Nearly 2000 students study here. The Institute is rather old.

There are four faculties in the Institute: the Civil engineering faculty, the Mechanics and Technology faculty, the Extra Mural faculty and the Preparatory training faculty. I study at the Extra Mural faculty. I'd like to become an engineer. I hope I'll be a good specialist.

First and second year students study general engineering subjects: mathematics, chemistry,drawing and descriptive geometry. In the third year students begin to study special subjects.

We have two sessions a year, in January and June.

We listen to lectures, have seminars, classes and consultations on different subjects. If we don't understand something, we may go to the consultations too.

There is a large library at the disposal of students, which provides them with textbooks, instructions and literature on special subjects.

Time passes quickly, and very soon I'll be a good specialist in my line.

The graduates of our institute work at different industrial enterprises, design and research institutes. Many of them have contributed much to the development of industry and science in Russia.

WORDS

I'm a second-year student (first-year, third-year, etc.). — Я студент второго курса (первого курса, третьего курса и т. д.).

all year round — в течение всего года

take an exam - сдавать экзамен

graduate from the Institute окончить институт

subject - предмет

offer - предлагать

acquire - приобретать

knowledge - знания /

summit - вершина

Faculties (Departments) — факультеты

attend lectures (classes) – посещать лекции (занятия)

miss lectures - пропускать лекции

be present at the lecture - присутствовать на лекции

branch - отрасль

be good at - быть способным

lecturer - лектор

at the disposal - в распоряжении

provide - обеспечивать

science - наука

Chairs — кафедры

The Chair of Mathematics - кафедра математики

The Chair of Foreign Languages - кафедра иностранных языков

The Chair of Economics - кафедра экономики

The Chair of Informatics - кафедра информатики

Full - time student студент - дневной формы обучения

Part - time student студент - заочник, вечерник

enter an Institute - поступать в институт

QUESTIONS

1. What year student are you?

2. Where do you study?

3. When was our institute founded?

4. How many faculties are there at our institute?

5. What faculty do you study at?

6. What is your future speciality?

7. What year student are you?

8. What facilities are there at our institute?

9.Where do the graduates of the institute work?

Рабочая программа по английскому языку для студентов заочной формы обучения по специальности СДМ.

Курс

Семестр II (Зачет)

Структура и содержание дисциплины

1. Выполнить контрольную работу №2 (по вариантам)по методичке кафедры.

Выполняется в отдельной тетради, согласно установленным требованиям, в сроки определённые деканатом заочного отделения. Во время зачёта проверяется насколько успешно усвоен материал, вошедший в контрольную работу.

Для выполнения контрольной работы рекомендуется грамматический справочник учебника Л.Н. Андриановой

2. Сделать устные сообщения по темам:

1) Моя Родина. Москва.

2) Англия, Лондон.

3) США, Вашингтон.

Знать лексику. Читать, переводить темы, отвечать на вопросы.

3. Читать, переводить тексты по учебнику Л.Н.Андриановой (§5-10). Тексты стр.81, 86, 95, 101, 108, 114, 121, 125.

Из текстов выписать незнакомую лексику в рабочую тетрадь.Тексты переводить устно с опорой на составленный словарь.

4. Выполнить грамматические упражнения в рабочей тетради:

упр. 3стр.79

упр. 14стр.85

упр. 8стр.98

упр. 17стр.100

упр. 18стр.113

Выполнение упражнений проверяется на зачёте.

УСТНЫЕ ТЕМЫ

Russia

I live in Russia. Russia is my native country. The Russian Federation is the largest country in the world. It occupies one seventh of the Earth's surface. It is situated both in Europe and Asia. The total area is about 17 million square kilometres. The country is washed by 12 seas and 3 oceans: the Pacific,, the Arctic and the Atlantic oceans. Our neighbours in the south are China, Mongolia, Korea, Kazakhstan, Georgia and Azerbaijan. In the west we have borders with Norway, Finland, Belarus and the Ukraine. There is no country in the world like Russia, with the steppes in the south, plains and forests in the midland, tundra and taiga in the north, highlands and deserts in the east. There is a great number of rivers in Russia. The Volga, the longest in Europe river, flows into the Caspian Sea. The main Siberian rivers- the Ob', the Yenisey and the Lena flow from the south to the north. The Amur in the Far East flows into the Pacific ocean. The deepest lake in the world is Baikal. The water in the lake is so clear, that you can see the stones on the bottom.

Because of the vast territory there are various types of climate in the country. The climate varies greatly in different regions.

Russia is very rich in oil, coal, iron ore, natural gas, copper, nickel and other mineral resources.

Russia is a parliamentary republic with the strong power of the President who is the head of the state. The State Duma and the Council of Federation are the legislative branch of the government.

The capital of Russia is Moscow. It is the largest political, cultural and industrial centre. It is one of the oldest Russian cities.

The national banner of Russia is a tricolour with white, blue and red stripes.

WORDS

native country — Родина

to occupy — занимать

surface — поверхность

highlands — возвышенности

to flow — течь, протекать

vast — обширный

copper — медь

oil — нефть

ore — руда

legislative branch — законодательная ветвь (власти)

national banner — государственный флаг

stripes — полосы

QUESTIONS

1. What is the area of Russian Federation?

2. What oceans and seas is Russia washed by?

3. What are the neighbouring countries of Russia?

4. What are the biggest rivers in Russia?

5. What are the natural resources of Russia?

6. What does the national banner of Russia look like?

Moscow

Moscow, the capital of Russia, is one of the largest cities in the world. It was founded in 1147 by the prince Yuri Dolgoruky. It stands on the banks of the Moskva river. About eight million people live in the city.

Moscow is famous for its historical and architectural monuments that were built by outstanding architects. The Red Square is the central and the most beautiful square in Moscow. It is the place of parades, meetings and demonstrations. There is a Cathedral of St. Basil built in 1552. It is a masterpiece of Russian architecture.

The heart of Moscow is the Kremlin. There is a wonderful architectural ensemble with 3 cathedrals, the Bell tower of Ivan the Great, palaces, fortress walls and 20 towers. The most famous of the towers is the Spasskaya Tower with a big clock. The Kremlin with golden domes and towers makes a strong impression on tourists.

Several skyscrapers decorate Moscow, including Moscow University and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Moscow is a scientific and cultural centre with a lot of institutes, universities, libraries, museums. The city leads a vast cultural life. It has a lot of cinemas, clubs, concert halls, more than 40 drama and musical theatres, including the Bolshoi Theatre, the Art Theatre, the Maly Theatre, the Vakhtangov Theatre.

Moscovites are proud of their museums: the Tretya-kov Gallery, Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts and many literary museums. Crowds of people visit Tretyakov Gallery admiring beautiful pictures of Russian painters. There are a lot of stadiums, swimming pools, courts and sport grounds in Moscow.

There are a lot of big plants and factories in Moscow that produce cars, lorries, home electrical appliances and so on.

Moscow Metro is considered to be one of the best and the most beautiful in the world.

WORDS

capital — столица

prince —князь

bank — берег

monument — памятник

outstanding — выдающийся

architect — архитектор

cathedral — co6op

masterpiece — шедевр

ensemble — ансамбль

palace — дворец

fortress — крепость

Bell tower —колокольня

dome — купол

skyscraper — небоскреб

Ministry of Foreign Affairs — министерство внутренних дел

scientific — научный

vast — обширный

QUESTIONS

1. When was Moscow founded?

2. Who founded Moscow?

3. What is Moscow famous for?

4. What are the places of interest in Moscow?

5. What are the world-famous theatres of Moscow?

6. What are the most famous museums of Moscow?

7. What do the plants and factories of Moscow produce?

8. What stadiums do you know in Moscow?

9. What can you say about Moscow Metro?

Great Britain

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on the British Isles. It consists of four parts: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.

England, Wales and Scotland occupy the territory of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated in the northern part of Ireland. The territory of the United Kingdom is about 244000 square kilometres. The population is over 56 million. The capital of the United Kingdom is London.

The surface of the United Kingdom varies greatly. The northern and the western parts of the country are mountainous and are called the Highlands. All the rest is a vast plain which is called the Lowlands. The mountains are not very high. The rivers are not very long. The most important of them are the Severn and the Thames. There are many beautiful lakes in the mountainous part of the country.

The mountains, the Atlantic Ocean and the warm waters of the Gulf Stream influence the climate of Great Britain. It is mild the whole year round. Winters are not cold and summers are not hot.

Great Britain is a highly developed industrial country. It is known as one of the world's largest producers and exporters of iron and steel products, machinery and electronics, chemicals and textile. One of the chief industries is shipbuilding.

Great Britain is a country with old cultural traditions and customs. The most famous educational centres are Oxford and Cambridge universities. They are considered to be the intellectual centres of Europe. The education is not free, it is very expensive.

The United Kingdom is a monarchy and the Queen is the head of the state. But in practice it is ruled by the elected government with the Prime Minister at the head. The British Parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons.

There are three main political parties in Great Britain: the Labour party, the Conservative party and the Liberal party. The Conservative party is the ruling party nowadays.

WORDS

to be situated — быть расположенным

Isles — острова

surface — поверхность

vary — меняться, разниться

high — высокий

low — низкий

land — земля, страна

plain — равнина

vast — огромный

lake — озеро

shipbuilding — кораблестроение

climate — климат

mild — мягкий

industry — промышленность

occupy — занимать

population — население

develop — развивать

to produce — производить

to export — экспортировать

chemical — химический

textile — текстиль

government — правительство

chamber — палата

ruling — правящий

QUESTIONS

1. What is the official name of Great Britain?

2. Where is it situated?

3. What parts does it consist of?

4. What is the territory and the population of Great Britain?

5. What city is the capital of Great Britain?

6. What is the surface of the country?

7. Are there any big rivers and lakes in Great Britain?

8. What is the climate on the British Isles like?

9. Is Great Britain a highly developed industrial country?

10. What goods does the British industry produce?

11. Are there any big educational establishments in Great Britain?

12. Is Great Britain is a constitutional monarchy?

13. What is the name of the Queen of Great Britain?

14. How many chambers does the British Parliament consist of? What are they?

15. What are the main political parties in Great Britain?

London

London is the capital of Great Britain, its political, economic and commercial centre. It is one of the largest cities in the world and the largest city in Europe. Its population is about 8 million.

London is situated on the river Thames. The city is very old. It has more than 20 centuries old history. Traditionally it is divided into several parts, the City, Westminster, the West End and the East End, They are very different from each other.

The City is the oldest part of London, its financial and business centre. Numerous banks, offices and firms are concentrated here, including the Bank of England, the Stock Exchange and the Old Bailey. Few people live in the City but over a million come to work here. Two masterpieces are situated within the City: St. Paul's Cathedral and the Tower of London. St. Paul's Cathedral was built in the 17th century by Christopher Wren. The Tower of London was built in the 15th century. It was used as a fortress, a royal palace and a prison. Now it's a museum.

Westminster is the aristocratic official part of London. It includes Buckingham Palace where the Queen lives and the Houses of Parliament along the north bank of the Thames.

The clock Tower of the Houses of Parliament is famous for its big hour bell known as «Big Ben».

Westminster Abbey is the place where the coronation of nearly all kings and queens has taken place. Many of them are buried here as well as some other famous people of the country

The West End is the richest and most beautiful part of London. The best hotels, restaurants, shops, clubs, parks and houses are situated there. English aristocracy lives in this region. There are many various shops in it which attract customers from different countries of the world.

Trafalgar Square is the geographical centre of London, it was named in the memory of Admiral Nelsons victory in the battle of Trafalgar in 1805. The tall Nelson's Column stands in the middle of the square. Opposite the Nelson monument is the National Gallery and the National Portrait Gallery. They contain the finest art collections of the world. The British Museum is famous for its rich library (about 7.000.000 books)

The East End is an industrial district of London. There are many factories there. The region is densely populated by working class families, those people who have built the palaces of the West End.

WORDS

capital — столица

centre — центр

region — район

street — улица

district — район

palace — дворец

royal — королевский

fortress — крепость

cathedral — собор

hotel — гостиница

park — парк

memory — память

museum — музей

official — официальный

gallery — галерея

masterpiece — шедевр

art — искусство

collection — коллекция

library — библиотека

to attract — привлекать

to contain — содержать

to occupy — занимать

densely — плотно

the Bank of England — Английский банк

the Stock Exchange — Лондонская фондовая биржа

the Old Bailey — Центральный уголовный суд, находящийся в Олд-Бейли.

QUESTIONS

1. What is the capital of Great Britain?

2. What is London's population?

3. Is London a big city?

4. What river does London stand on?

5. Into what parts is London divided?

6. Why is the City called the business centre of London?

7. What places of interest does Westminster include?

8. Who is buried in Westminster Abbey?

9. What is the West End famous for?