Banknote, bearer, words, inscription, denomination, signature, Bank of England, Chief Cashier

1. On the face of English banknotes one can read the………

2. The …………is given both in figures and in……….on each of the banknotes.

3. The ……….. on the face of the ……….. reads: I promise to pay the ……. on the demand fifty Pounds; it is always true.

4. The first ……….. is that of the person authorized by the Government and the…………; the British can remember their financial authorities.

5. The second signature is that of the…………..; very often the man is a historic personality.

4.1. Прочитайте текст 4, намагаючись зрозуміти його якомога точніше та повніше.

 

TEXT 4

AMERICAN MONEY

The American dollar is subdivided into one hundred cents. The dollars are issued by the Federal Reserve System, established by Congress in 1913.

Here is the text on the face of an American dollar banknote:

· …dollars

· Federal Reserve Note

· The United States of America

· This note is legal tender for all debts public and private

· Washington, D.C.

· Treasurer of the United States

· Secretary of the Treasury

On the face of American dollars one can also see the portraits of the following famous persons:

- George Washington (1732-1799), the first President of the United States of America, who gave his name to the capital of the country. George Washington became the first President after the successful war of 13 British colonies for independence. After they won the war they formed 13 states and united to make the United States of America. Thus Independence was proclaimed on July 4, 1776.

- Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865) who was President from 1861 to 1865 after the war between the northern and southern states. It was he who proclaimed freedom of slaves of the south.

- Alexander Hamilton (1755-1804), a famous American statesman, who fought in the Independence War together with general George Washington. Later he became the first Secretary of the Treasury.

- Andrew Jackson (1767-1845) who was President of the USA from 1829 to 1837, when Texas won independence from Mexico.

- Ulysses Grant (1822-1885) who was President of the USA from 1869 to 1877 when the Centennial Exposition was held in Philadelphia.

- Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) a very popular public figure, writer, diplomat and scientist. It was he who invented bifocal spectacles among many other things.

On the back of banknotes various famous buildings are featured, such as:

- Lincoln Monument, one of the monuments in Washington

- US Treasury Building, in Washington

- White House, house of every President, except George Washington, who only planned the capital of the USA

- US Capitol, which houses the Senate and the House of Representatives

- Independence Hall, in Philadelphia, where Independence of the 13 British colonies was proclaimed.

All the banknotes bear the words: In God We Trust.

 

4.2. Для перевірки правильності розуміння прочитаного тексту виконайте наступні ситуаційні вправи:

Ситуація 6. Ви роздруковуєте текст, раптом техніка не спрацювала, речення поміняли місця, а деякі слова загубились. Відновіть текст, знайшовши слова та склавши послідовну оповідь.

independence, back, portraits, bear, proclaimed, subdivided, face, formed, Federal Reserve system, successful, slaves, united, buildings

1. The American dollar is ………. into one hundred cents.

2. The dollars are issued by the ………. ……. ….., established by Congress in 1913.

3. George Washington became the first President after the ………….. war of 13 British colonies for ………..

4. After they won the war they …………. 13 states and ………..to make the United States of America.

5. Thus Independence was …………. on July 4, 1776.

6. Abraham Lincoln was a person who proclaimed freedom of …….. of the southern.

7. We can also see the ………. of Alexander Hamilton, Ulysses Grant, Andrew Jackson and Benjamin Franklin on the ……… of American dollars.

8. On the …….. of the banknotes various famous ……… are featured.

9. All the banknotes ……….. the words: In God We Trust.

5.1. Прочитайте текст 5, намагаючись зрозуміти його якомога точніше та повніше.

TEXT 5

PRECIOUS METALS

The four important precious metals are gold, silver, platinum and palladium. They are used for various purposes:

1) as a commodity to be bought and sold

2) for jewellery industry

3) for electronics, dentistry and other industries

4) for numismatic and semi numismatic coins

5) for medals

Besides gold is used as currency reserves of a country. Actual gold is used in the following forms: bullion bars, bullion coins and coins.

Precious metals should be acquired only from banks. There are some private dealers selling counterfeit precious metals. They are alloy bars and coins. And very often private dealers try to find innocent purchasers and cheat them.

The most popular bullion coins are:

· American Eagle (the USA)

· Britannia (the UK)

· New Sovereign (the UK)

· Maple Leaf (Canada)

 

5.2. Для перевірки правильності розуміння прочитаного тексту виконайте наступні ситуаційні вправи:

Ситуація 7. Доповніть наступні англійські речення про цінні метали.

 

1. The four important precious metals…………..

2. They are used for various purposes…………..

3. Besides gold is used…………………………..

4. Actual gold is used……………………………

5. The most popular bullion coins…………….…

6.1. Прочитайте текст 6, намагаючись зрозуміти його якомога точніше та повніше.

 

TEXT 6

CARAT

Fineness of gold is very often shown in carat. The best fineness of 999,9 is equal to 24 carat. The fineness of 750 is equal to 18 carat and so on and so forth. Thus the fineness of gold items can be stated simply as 750 or as 18 carat.

The notion of carat can also be applied to precious stones. But in this case carat does not show fineness. It shows weight. It is a measure of weight. When applied to precious stones carat means the following:

1 carat = 0,2 gram

5 carat = 1 gram

10 carat = 2 grams etc.

There are only four precious stones, they are as follows: diamond, ruby (red colour), emerald (green colour), sapphire (blue colour).

Diamond is a brilliant precious stone of pure carbon in crystallized form. It is the hardest substance known. Rough diamonds are widely used in industry.

Besides there are a lot of semiprecious stones, like amethyst, granate, and many others.

 

6.2. Для перевірки правильності розуміння прочитаного тексту, виконайте наступну ситуаційну вправу:

 

Ситуація 8. Цей документ опинився в вологому місці. Деякі фрагменти англійського тексту розмито (українські слова), відновіть цю важливу оповідь, як вона виглядала в оригіналі.

The (пошук) for buried (скарбів) has been the traditional quest. Today the more likely search is for (затонулий) treasure. Treasure hunting must be (відрізняти) from mining for gold, silver and other precious minerals. Mining is search for (ресурсів). (полювання за скарбами) is search for actual (багатство), for resources that have already been processed into (товари) such as gold bullion, silver bars, coins and jewelry. Government (політика) regarding (володіння) of treasure varies from nation to nation. In Great Britain found treasure (належить) to the (уряд). United States (суди) have normally awarded it to the finder.

7.1. Для ознайомлення з поняттям про систему часів англійських дієслів вивчіть Units 1-4, 7-8 підручника R. Murphy “English Grammar in Use” Основна література: [3].

 

7.2. Щоб навчитись вживати The Present Indefinite Tense, The Present Continuous Tense,The Present Perfect Tense, виконайте наступні ситуаційні вправи:

Ситуація 9. Виберіть правильну форму англійського дієслова:

1. The English go / goes in for sports.

2. The academic year in Britain starts / start in October.

3. Students of our school wear / wears uniform.

4. I leave / leaves home for the train to London at 7.40 a.m.

5. Farmers usually go / goes to bed before 10 for the early rise.

6. He am / is / are never late to milk the cows.

7. Sometimes we play / plays chess in the pub.

8. They spends / spend their weekends at the seaside.

 

Ситуація 10. Виберіть заперечну форму англійського дієслова:

1. The English don’t / doesn’t eat cats, they love them.

2. On the British Isles they never / often eat uncooked meat.

3. The gala don’t / doesn’t start at 7.30 today.

4. On some days in Britain, the sun doesn’t / don’t appear out of the clouds.

5. Mice don’t / doesn’t catch cats.

6. The River Thames doesn’t / don’t flow into the Pacific Ocean.

 

Ситуація 11. Напишіть запитання до речень. Речення починайте із питальних слів поданих у дужках:

 

In New York, we have a lot of relatives and you are eager to know about their lives.

Example: (you hear from George recently?) Have you heard from George recently?

1. (My nephew/make a report at the conference recently?)………………..

2. (Jill/visit/Tom in the past few days?)…………………………………….

3. (Kevin/buy/a new car recently?)……………………………………….....

4. (You/write/a letter today?)…………………………………………….….

5. (Bill/see/any good films lately?)…………………………………….….…

6. (They/have/a holiday at the seaside this year?)…………………………..