III. Match the names of different drugs given below with their description:

1. Miracle drugs                             2. Anti-inflammatory

 

3. Analgetics                                  4. Tranquillizers

 

5. Digitalis                                      6. Narcotics

 

7. Diuretics                                     8. Sedatives

 

9. Insulin                                         10. Anti-emetics

  

11. Decongestants                           12. Anticoagulants

13. Stimulants                                  14. Aspirin

15. Laxatives

a. A wide range of drugs to relieve pain.

b. They help to remove excess fluid from the body.

c. They increase activity.

d. These drugs are used to reduce and suppress inflammation.

e. Excellent painkillers originally derived from opium.

f. These drugs help suppress nausea and vomiting.

g. One of the best known drugs which anyone can buy and use to relieve pain, inflammation and fever.

h. They prevent blood clots forming.

i. They soothe patients and help them sleep.

j. These are to calm people and relieve anxiety.

k. They are taken to relieve constipation.

l. These help to clear a stuffy nose.

m. Antibiotics are sometimes given this name because of the rapid relief they bring to many infectious diseases.

n. A protein hormone secreted in the pancreas that controls the concentration of glucose in the blood. Its deficiency results in diabetes mellitus.

o. It’s used to increase the performance of a weak heart.

IV. Read and  translate text B:

                                            Text B. Preparation of Tablets

The tablet is the most common form of medication for the administering of a drug in a dry state.

From a purely physical point of view, the technique of tablet making (tabletting) may be defined as a process whereby a known volume of a drug in a finely divided state3 is subjected to pressure in a die between two punches.

A tablet shows definite properties of mechanical strength and is also characterized by a definite rate of desintegration when brought into contact with water.

 

  It is generally observed that tablets can be made easily from certain drugs, such as sodium chloride and other alkali halides, even without the addition of auxiliary substances. For some other drugs, such as lactose, the addition of auxiliary substances is found to be necessary to overcome certain difficulties in their tabletting. Some difficulties are occasionally experienced in the process of tabletting certain materials because of persistent binding or sticking in the tablet machine.

The application of different pressure during tabletting plays a very important role. The correct pressure must be applied in order to avoid unnecessary complications. Tablets which should dissolve in the mouth must be more strongly compressed than other average tablets 7 for internal administration.

Another important effect of higher pressures is an increase in friction which obviously necessitates the use of greater amounts of lubricants and glidants.8Glidants are added to the tablet materials to improve their flow properties.9 They are generally powdery substances which deform only slightly when subjected to the compressing pressures. To glidants belong such substances as natural starch, which has excellent flow improvement properties.

Lubricants are substances which facilitate smooth ejection of the compressed tablets.

 

Words:

The most common form of medication — самая распространенная форма лекарственных препаратов; tablet making (tabletting) — изготовление таблеток; a drug in a finely divided state — лекарство в мелкоизмельченном состоянии; subjected to pressure in a die between two punches — подвергается прессованию в штамповальном прессе; alkalihalides — щелочные галоидные соединения или галогениды; because of persistent binding or sticking in the tablet machine — вследствие постоянного прилипания или приклеивания вещества в машине; average tablets — обычные таблетки; lubricants and glidants — смазывающие и скользящие вещества; flow property — скользящее свойство

 

V.  Answer the questions:

1. What is the most common form of medication for the administering of drugs in a dry state?

 

2. In what state is a certain volume of a drug subjected to pressure in a die during the process of tabletting?

 

3. What is a tablet characterized by when brought into contact with water?

 

4. What substances are used for tablet making?

 

5.Are any auxiliary substances added to the above mentioned substances?

 

6.To what drugs is it necessary to add auxiliary substances?

 

7.Why are some difficulties experienced in the process of tabletting?

 

8.What is necessary to do in order to avoid unnecessary complications during tabletting?

 

9.What kind of tablets must be strongly compressed?

 

10.What substances improve the flow properties of the tablet materials?

 

11. What facilitates smooth ejection of the compressed tablets?