Unit 2. The System of Family upbringing in Target culture and the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Unit 2. The System of Family upbringing in Target culture and the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Introduction

1. Think of the word "Upbringing" and associations that come to your mind when you hear this word. Make a mind map using the associations of the word.

Possible example of a mind map

Read the proverbs and quotations given below and give your opinion.

“Everything depends on upbringing. ”
― Leo Tolstoy, War and Peace

 

God couldn't be everywhere, so he created mothers

Jewish proverb

 

My mother was the most beautiful woman I ever saw. All I am I owe to my mother. I attribute all my success in life to the moral, intellectual and physical education I received from her.

George Washington

Reading. Comprehension

Pre-reading:

Brainstorm family values.

Discuss with your partner what the important values of your family are.

Describe the pictures of the families and think of the possible values that they have in their families.

While reading:

Read the text.

List of Family Values

By Amy Guertin

Family values involve all of the ideas of how you want to live your family life, and they are often passed down from previous generations. They can help define behavior in various situations, help youth make good choices, and solidify the bond that your family has. If your family doesn't already have these values in place, know that it is never too late to make a list.

Types of Values

Although every family's list of values will be different, there are different categories of values that tend to be similar.

Social Values

Social Values consist of things like peace, justice, freedom, equality, and bettering our community. Examples of social values include:

· Not hurting others and also standing up for those who can't stand up for themselves

· Being respectful and courteous in your interactions

· Volunteering time and skills in the community

· Being generous with what you have

· Being honest with others

· Participating in teamwork whenever possible

Political Values

Although being a liberal, conservative, or moderate may determine your opinion on how the government should run and what laws should be enacted, there are certain political values that remain constant across political parties. American values often include:

· Exceptionalism - that America is a land of limitless opportunities and, as such, has a duty to act as an example to other countries.

· Capitalism and private ownership of property

· Patriotism

· Treating everyone equally, regardless of ethnicity, race, religion, or sexual orientation

· Being open-minded to new things

· Following the law and respecting those who enforce it

· Working hard for success

Religious Values

Religious values center around the expectations that people have about themselves and others based on the beliefs of their faith. Although each faith has its beliefs, there are common values that many faiths tend to share. Examples of religious values include:

· Showing compassion to those in need

· Treating others as one would like to be treated

· Continually learning and growing both spiritually and intellectually

· Being modest in your relations with others

· Being respectful and nonviolent when interacting with others

Work Values

Work values include such things as your philosophies about your job, your finances, and how you spend your money. For children, these values include how they approach school and their education. Examples of work values include:

· Always doing your best work

· Working in a team

· Saving a portion of your salary/allowance

· Finding opportunities to express your ideas and creativity

· Being proud of your achievements

· Making education a priority

· Keeping in mind the part that your job plays in society

· Treating co-workers, fellow students, customers, and authority figures the way that you want to be treated

Moral Values

Moral values are your individual values about what you think is right and wrong. Moral values provide the foundation from which you make decisions. Moral values are learned from your parents and your experiences. Examples of moral values include:

· Being honest and trustworthy

· Being courageous

· Never giving up

· Adding value to the world

· Being patient

· Taking personal responsibility

Recreational Values

Recreational values refer to anything that involves fun and play. Recreation is important in the family because it fosters closeness in the family, opportunities for learning, creating memories, improving social skills, and developing empathy. Examples of recreational values include:

· Providing unstructured play time

· Having family game nights

· Allowing and encouraging each family member to pursue interests

· Taking vacations together

· Spending time together outside playing

 

Post-reading:

Discussion.

Work in groups: In the classroom

Step 4. Discuss in small groups the importance of the family values.

Presentation.

Watch the video.

 

1. Watch an example of the video on "My values". (What are my values? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nm3ul5PCBV8)

GRAMMAR PAGE

 

Reported speech

It is usual for the verb in the reported clause to move one tense back, if the reporting verb is in the past tense.

	Direct speech	Reported speech
He said (that).. Present simple = past simple   Present continuous=past continuous Present perfect =past perfect Past simple=past perfect Will=would	I work at home   I am working hard   I have worked there I worked there in '98. I will work	He worked at home   He was working hard   He had worked He had worked I would work

 

The word order in reported speech is different to that in reported speech.

There is no inversion of subject and auxiliary verb and there is no do/does/did/have/will/would. This is similar to indirect questions.

 

Direct question

Could you tell me...

Are there any...

Do you know...

What does the bank close?

What tome the bank closes?

Which book did you suggest?

 

Indirect question

I wonder if you could tell me

I am not sure if there are any...

I wonder if you know..

Could you tell me what..

 

I can't remember which book you suggested.

 

Reported command and requests

For reported commands, requests and advice we use verb+person+to+infinitive

 

Keep till

Will you open my suitcase?

 

He told me to keep still

He asked if I would open his suitcase

V+to infinitive	V+person+to+infinitive	V+ -ing form
Offer Refuse Threaten Agree promise	Ask Invite Encourage Advise Remind Warn Tell Persuade Convince	Apologize for Accuse (sb) of Admit Deny (not) Insist (on) doing Recommend Regret Suggest

After admit, agree, deny, insist, promise, recommend, regret, and suggest you can also use that + clause

I recommend that he bought the shirt

After insist on use verb + -ing. After inist us that + clause.

Ann insisted on coming. He insisted that he was right.

 

PRACTICE

 

Writing.

Read the extracts.

American Family Values

By Stacy Taylor

(retrieved from: http://family.lovetoknow.com/about-family-values/types-family-structures)

 

Extract 1.

As society evolves due to progress and individual enlightenment, American family values undergo many dramatic changes. While no single list of values fits every modern family, exploring the most common ones may help people identify values of personal significance.

When asked about their family values, most people find it hard to formulate a response. The concept of values that pertain to a family unit is, in some respects, just that: a concept. These values are largely inherent, understood on an emotional level, unspoken and passed down through the generations based on personal experience.

For those who are unclear about the term and what it means, it might help to look at the wording and take a literal approach. Everyone already knows that the word "family" means a social unit--whether blood-related, marriage-related or emotion-related--usually residing together. The word "values" typically means a set of beliefs and ideals (social and sometimes political) that provide moral guidance to a family unit. When you put the two terms together, it makes sense to take their collective meaning as a set of beliefs or ideals that imbue each member of the family with knowledge about right and wrong, proper moral decision-making skills and well-developed social mores. Most modern American families also include caring, love and support of the family into their system of values.

Extract 2.

Traditional and Modern American Family Values

Modern society breeds a contemporary viewpoint about the attributes of a family, but this was not always so. As recently as the 1950s, commonly-used American family values took a far different approach to matters of gender, equality and the family as a whole. Despite the disadvantages of those mid-20th century ideals, many of them still have a viable place in contemporary belief systems. To formulate a set of beliefs and ideals that will work best for your family, it might help to examine both the traditional and the contemporary models.

Traditional Values

Although they are not for everyone, certain aspects of traditional ideals may still appeal to a wide range of families. They represent enduring familial themes and the comfort of conventional homes. The list below includes both common and uncommon values for old-fashioned families.

· Opposition to pre-marital sex

· Opposition to same-sex marriage

· Belief in traditional home-based roles for women

· Belief in Christian-based values

· Opposition to some elements of feminism

· Opposition to abortion while actively supporting abstinence education

· Belief in adoption as an alternative to abortion

· Belief in programs and public policies that shield children from exploitation

· Opposition to separation of church and state

· Belief in father as head-of-household

Extract 3.

Contemporary Values

Those who take a more modern approach to establishing family ideals may find themselves spoiled for choice. Although progressive families practice conscientiousness in setting up a system of values to live by, they are largely free of some of the limitations present in traditional belief systems. The following list highlights some popular ideals for America's modern families.

· Support for the universal living wage model to improve livelihood

· Belief in acceptance of non-traditional families that may include same-sex and polygamous long-term relationships, as well as single-parent families

· Belief in a woman's right to abortion

· Belief in Planned Parenthood programs that offer contraception

· Belief in government-funded financial aid to families

· Support for sex education in public schools

· Belief in practicing and teaching tolerance, patience and understanding for alternative lifestyles

· Belief in universal healthcare and family-friendly employment laws (maternity leave, personal leave, emergency family leave)

· Support for freedom of religion

The Common Denominator

Whether you believe in traditional family roles and ideals or lean more towards the progressive, the one thing that both categories agree upon is building a loving and supportive family unit. Both groups want to instill good morals and strong character attributes into their children. In establishing American family values for your loved ones, get together with your partner and discuss the values that matter most to you. Remember that no one set of ideals works for everyone; feel free to mix and match from both categories or establish a set all your own.

Phonetic exercise.

Vocabulary

Speaking.

Writing

Describe a person, living or dead, who you greatly admire and discuss why he or she has had this effect on you.

 

Reading: multiple-choice

Pre-reading:

Read the text.

Discussion

Types of Family Structures

By Michelle Blessing

Family structure has changed dramatically over the last 50 years. The "Leave it to Beaver" family is no longer the standard, and several variations on family have been created. There are six specific types of family structures identified by society today.

Family Structures

The following types of families exist today, with some families naturally falling into multiple categories. For example, a single parent family who lives in a larger, extended family. While these types of families are distinct in definition, in practice the lines are less clear.

Nuclear Family

The nuclear family is the traditional type of family structure. This family type consists of two parents and children. The nuclear family was long held in esteem by society as being the ideal in which to raise children. Children in nuclear families receive strength and stability from the two-parent structure and generally have more opportunities due to the financial ease of two adults. (1) ____________

______________________________________________________________

Single Parent Family

The single parent family consists of one parent raising one or more children on his own. Often, a single parent family is a mother with her children, although there are single fathers as well. The single parent family is the biggest change society has seen in terms of the changes in family structures. One in four children is born to a single mother. Single parent families are generally close and find ways to work together to solve problems, such as dividing up household chores. When only one parent is at home, it may be a struggle to find childcare, as there is only one parent working. (2) _______________________________________________________

Extended Family

The extended family structure consists of two or more adults who are related, either by blood or marriage, living in the same home. This family includes many relatives living together and working toward common goals, such as raising the children and keeping up with the household duties. Many extended families include cousins, aunts or uncles and grandparents living together. (3) _________

____________________________________. Extended families are becoming increasingly common all over the world.

Childless Family

While most people think of family as including children, there are couples who either cannot or choose not to have children. The childless family is sometimes the "forgotten family," as it does not meet the traditional standards set by society. Childless families consist of a husband and wife living and working together. (4) _________________________________________________________________

Stepfamily

Over half of all marriages end in divorce, and many of these individuals choose to get remarried. This creates the stepfamily, which involves two separate families merging into one new unit. It consists of a new husband and wife and their children from previous marriages or relationships. Stepfamilies are about as common as the nuclear family, although they tend to have more problems, such as adjustment periods and discipline issues. (5) _______________________________________ __________________________________________________________________

Grandparent Family

Many grandparents today are raising their grandchildren for a variety of reasons.One in fourteen children is raised by his grandparents, and the parents are not present in the child's life. (6) ___________________________________

Many grandparents need to go back to work or find additional sources of income to help raise their grandchildren.

Variety of Structures

There is no right or wrong answer when it comes to what is the best type of family structure. As long as a family is filled with love and support for one another, it tends to be successful and thrive. Families need to do what is best for each other and themselves, and that can be achieved in almost any unit.

 

A.According to U.S. Census data, almost 70 percent of children live in a nuclear family unit.

B. This limits income and opportunities in many cases, although many single parent families have help from relatives and friends.

C. This type of family structure may form due to financial difficulties or because older relatives are unable to care for themselves alone.

D. Many childless families take on the responsibility of pet ownership or have extensive contact with their nieces and nephews as a substitute for having their own children.

E. Stepfamilies need to learn to work together and also work with their exes to ensure these family units run smoothly.

F. This could be due to parents' death, addiction, abandonment or being unfit parents.

Post-reading.

Writing.

Unit 2. The System of Family upbringing in Target culture and the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Introduction

1. Think of the word "Upbringing" and associations that come to your mind when you hear this word. Make a mind map using the associations of the word.