Abandon ship – Boat Stations

№	Rank	Boat number	Duties
Deck Department
	Carpenter		Release inboard gripes and attend after fall.
	Boatswain		Release inboard gripes and attend forward fall.
	Helmsman		Secure plug and attend after fall.
	Able Seaman		Release outboard gripes and attend forward guy.
	Able Seaman		Release outboard gripes and turn out forward davit.
	Ordinary Seaman		Lead out and attend painter.
Engine Department
	Oiler		Attend forward guy.
	Oiler		Turn out after davit.
	Fitter		Release boat chocks.

 

inboard - внутренний

outboard – внешний, наружный, направленный от диаметральной плоскости к борту

after fall – кормовой фал

forward – носовой, передний

to secure plug – ввернуть пробку

davit - шлюпбалка

guy - оттяжка

gripes – найтовное крепление шлюпок

painter – фалинь

to attend – обслуживать какое-либо устройство

to turn out – проворачивать наружу

boat chocks – шлюпочные киль-блоки

 

 

Exercise 10. Translate the sentences into English.

 

1. Общесудовую тревогу объявляет вахтенный помощник в аварийных случаях (пробоина, взрыв, пожар и т. п.).

2. Тревогу «Человек за бортом» объявляет вахтенный помощник при падении человека за борт или обнаружении его за бортом.

3. Шлюпочную тревогу объявляют по указанию капитана в случае угрозы гибели судна.

4. Учебные тревоги объявляют только по указанию капитана, при этом вид тревоги должен предваряться словом «Учебная», например «Учебная общесудовая тревога».

5. Учения по общесудовой и шлюпочной тревогам должны проводиться не реже одного раза в неделю на пассажирских судах и не менее одного раза в месяц — на остальных.

6. На учениях по шлюпочной тревоге, проводимых как в море, так и на рейде, шлюпки спускают на воду поочередно, чтобы каждая из них спускалась не реже раза в 4 месяца.

7. Учения по тревоге «Человек за бортом» на всех судах проводят в море или на рейде не реже раза в месяц.

8. По этой тревоге на воду спускают полностью укомплектованную спасательную шлюпку.

9. По всем тревогам, кроме шлюпочной и «Человек за бортом,», экипаж жилеты не надевает, но обязательно подносит их к месту сбора.

10. Обо всех учениях делают записи в судовом журнале.

 

 

Действия в аварийной ситуации. Типы тревог

Actions in Emergency. Types of Alarms.

 

Exercise 1. Read and learn the following words and expressions:

1.	to tackle (emergency)	справляться с (аварийной ситуацией)
	training/drills	тренировка/учения
	seafarer/seaman/sailor	моряк
	to be aware/to familiarize oneself	быть осведомленным, знать
	life saving appliances	спасательные средства
	rough weather	непогода, буря, ненастье
	machinery malfunction	неисправная работа оборудования
	collision	столкновение
	flooding	затопление
	grounding; to run aground	посадка на мель; сесть на мель
	emergency team	аварийная партия/команда
	standby team	резервная партия/команда
	roving commission	команда, руководящая операцией
	engine control room (ECR)	помещение пультов управления двигателем
	EPIRB (emergency position-indicating radio beacon)	аварийный радиомаяк для обнаружения кораблекрушения
	SART	аварийно-спасательный приёмопередатчик
	ship specification	технические характеристики судна
	salvage vessel	спасательное судно
	shipwreck	кораблекрушение, обломки судна
	second in command	заменяющий, заместитель
	sick bay, galley	судовой лазарет
	distress call	сигнал бедствия
	oil spill	разлив нефти
	to be on stand by (engine)	быть наготове
	to raise/to give/to sound the alarm	подавать сигнал тревоги

 

Exercise 2. Read and translate the text, paying attention to the words in italics.

Actions in Emergencies

An emergency situation on ship must be handled with confidence and calmness, for haste decisions and “jumping to conclusions” can make the matters even worse. Efficient tackling of emergency situations can be achieved by continuous training and by practical drills onboard vessel. However, it has been seen that in spite of adequate training, people get panic attacks and eventually do not do what they should in an emergency situation.

As far as the seafarer is concerned, first and foremost, he or she must be aware of the different types of emergency situations that can arise on board ship. This would help in understanding the real scenario in a better way, and would also lead to taking correct actions to save life, property, and environment.

Officers and crew should familiarize themselves thoroughly with the Fire Training Manual and the training manual on Life Saving Appliances of the ship.

A ship crew must be prepared all the time to tackle and fight against any kind of emergencies which can arise due to reasons such as rough weather, machinery malfunction, pirate attack, human error etc. Such emergencies can lead to fire, collision, flooding, grounding, environmental pollution, and loss of life. To stress the importance of training for different emergency procedures and duties of personnel, muster list is provided onboard ship.

It should be mentioned that different teams are made to tackle emergencies like fire, flooding etc. these are command team that is operated from bridge, emergency team 1 that operates at the point of scenario, while emergency team 2 is a standby team and helping hand for emergency team 1. And also there are two more special groups such as roving commission that is a team working along with all other team and engine room team that stands by in engine control room (ECR).

The muster list is posted to keep the crew aware of the different emergency situations and duties to be performed if such situations occur in reality. Some of the important areas where the muster list is posted are bridge, engine, and accommodation alleyways etc., areas where ship’s crew spends the maximum of their time.

 

Exercise 3. Give brief answers to the following questions:

 

1. What emergency situations do you know? 2. Where can the crewmembers find out about their duties in emergency and types of alarms? 3. What is “emergency team”? 4. Where is the muster list posted? 5. What manuals should any crewmember look through regularly? 6. What kinds of trainings can be carried out? 7. What are the possible reasons of emergencies?

Exercise 4. Give equivalents:

 

· in Russian: emergency team, to tackle emergency, alleyway, life saving appliances, search and rescue manual, to inform the bridge, officer on watch, to give the alarm, muster list, prescribed actions, accommodations, engine control room, equipment malfunction, collision, proper actions to be taken, dedicated alarm, to throw life buoy, to hoist and launch lifeboat;

 

· in English: штатное расписание, механизмы в исправном состоянии, выполнять распоряжения, спускать спасательную шлюпку, сообщить на мостик, одеть спасательные жилеты, содержать судовое оборудование в рабочем состоянии, нападение пиратов, бросить спасательный круг, расположение огнетушителей, предотвращать загрязнение окружающей среды, не создавать паники, человек за бортом, различать сигналы тревог, короткий сигнал, длинный гудок.

 

Exercise 5. Match the type of the alarms and the actions in this particular kind of emergency.

 

Type of the alarms	The actions in emergency
1. a general alarm	a. All Ship Engineers Should assemble in the Engine Control Room.
2. a fire alarm	b. Chief Engineer should be called immediately and general alarm should be raised. Immediate action should be taken in preventing more sea water to enter the engine room and Emergency bilging from the engine room should be established in accordance with the Chief Engineer.
3. Man Over Board signal	c. raise the Fire/General alarm as soon as possible. Try to stop fire and if it is not possible, muster according to the Fire Muster List
4. Abandon Ship signal	d. in this case Master must be informed immediately. All precaution must be taken to contain the flooding to that hold. General alarm must be raised.
5. Engineers Call	e. immediate action should be taken according to the vessel’s “Shipboard Oil Pollution Prevention Plan”. Emergency Plan (SOPEP) and Onboard SOPEP Equipment located in deck stores should be used in case of Oil Spill.
6. CO2 alarm	f. Inform Officer On Watch. Check if it is a false or true alarm and report back of findings.
7. Engine Room Flooding	g. call for help either by using the phone or by activating the emergency call. Whatever might be the situation, keep the Master, Chief Engineer and Officer on Watch informed of the situation all the time.
8. Cargo Hold Flooding	h. leave the engine room immediately.
9. In case of any oil spill/pollution	i. Rush to the deck and try to locate the crew member fallen in the water and throw lifebuoy and inform deck.
10. In case of fire	k. Rush to the muster station. Carry as much ration, water, and warm clothing as you can carry. Act according to the vessel’s Muster Lists.
11. In case of any other emergency situations	l. Rush to muster station with life jacket, immersion suit, and act according to the vessel’s Muster Lists. Act as per the emergency explained by the in charge officer.

 

Exercise 6. Read the dialogue and then make up your own one.

 

A: What should be done on receiving a distress report from a ship?

B: The ships management is to establish at once whether assistance can be provided. Then the course of the ship will be laid for the distress position and the ship heads with all possible speed to the place of the disaster.

A: What precautions can be considered and made aboard the salvage vessel in regard to the shipwrecked?

B: Compartments are prepared for accommodating the shipwrecked, blankets and dry clothing are placed ready. The galley prepares warming food. The sickbay is prepared for looking after injured or sick persons.

A: Where are the details of the procedures to be used described?

B: In the “Search and Rescue” manual which is on the bridge.

Use the words and expressions:

1) a man has fallen overboard (to throw a life buoy, to take care not to hit him, to sound the alarm signal, to lower lifeboat, to inform the Master, to send for a doctor, to render first aid)

2) unknown vessel is asking for help after the collision (to respond to SOS distress call, to break off the voyage, to proceed to the place of the disaster, to take command of search and rescue)

Exercise 7. Choose the right variant.

 

1. The muster list must be promptly updated when ___ crew changes.	a) have	c) there are
b) are there	d) are
2. The Master must place in charge of each boat and life raft a deck officer and also _____ a second in command.	a) designates	c) designating
b) designated	d) designate
3. The Master should ensure the boat carrying the lifeboat radio has at least one crewman able _____ this equipment.	a) will operate	c) operates
b) to operate	d) operate
4. A life buoy or a life jacket will help the man overboard to survive until he ____.	a) is rescued	c) will be rescu
b) will rescue	d) be rescued
5. The Master decides when the ship is abandoned and if necessary he ____ a distress message to other ships.	a) sends	c) will send
b) is sent	d) will be sent
6. Any drills _____ to prepare the crew to handle emergency.	a) are designed	c) that designed
b) is designed	d) is designing
7. Any crewmember is ______ with an individual muster list card that shows the special duties to perform.	a) providing	c) provided
b) provides	d) be provided

Exercise 8. Look through the text and then decide which statement is TRUE/FALSE.

 

1. The special signal should be given in such an emergency.

2. Once a crewmember informs the bridge about the fallen person, he can be free.

3. The main concern is the location of a person overboard.

4. The ship should stop and not to move, because the fallen man will swim to it.

5. No flag should be hoisted in order not to distract another ship.

 

Man overboard

Man overboard is a situation where in a ship’s crew member falls out at sea from the ship, no matter where the ship is sailing, in open seas or in still waters in port. A seafarer has to be very careful while performing his duties onboard vessel as a person can fall off the ship due to bad weather, swell in the sea, accidents, and due to negligence during. A man overboard is an emergency situation and it is very important to locate and recover the person as soon as possible as due to bad weather or rough sea, the crew member can drown or else due to temperature of the cold water the person can get hypothermia. A person will get unconscious after 15 minutes in water with temperature of 5 ̊ C.

There is a dedicated alarm signal used onboard vessels and is same for all entire vessels sailing in international waters. Three prolong blast on the ship’s electrical bell and ship’s whistle is an alarm signal used for man overboard emergency situation. The first and foremost thing is Never to lose the sight of fallen person and inform others onboard by shouting “Man overboard” along with side of the ship i.e. port or starboard side until someone informs the bridge and raises an alarm.

As soon as bridge officer knows the situation, raise the ‘man overboard alarm’ and hoist signal flag “O” to inform all the ship staff and other ships about the vicinity. Throw a lifebuoy with smoke float, light (and SART if available) near to the fallen person. Ship’s engine must be slowed down and ship should be turned toward the fallen crew for recovery manoeuvre. Engine is to be on stand by all the time.

 

 

Exercise 9. Translate the sentences into Russian.

 

1. Regular training and drill must be conducted by the master of the ship to ensure that all crew members are familiar with life saving and fire fighting appliances.

2. A muster list is basically a list which is displayed in prominent areas of the vessel so that every crew member on onboard can read it on a go.

3. If someone falls overboard, you should shout “Man Overboard” and throw him a life buoy.

4. To tackle any emergency efficiently and fast, it’s necessary to inform the bridge and the watchkeeping officer as soon as possible.

5. If you get overboard get clear of the ship and continue shouting and splashing water as long as there is a chance that you will be heard and seen, then swim on your back to keep your body warm.

6. Life jackets and where appropriate, immersion suits, should be worn by the rescue boat crew.

7. If for some reason a ship is going to sink the crew must abandon it, but only the master can decide when and if the ship will be abandoned.

 

Exercise 10. Translate the sentences into English.

 

1. Предотвращение возникновения аварийных ситуаций является самой важной задачей экипажа судна, для этого экипажу следует соблюдать меры предупреждения, содержать судно, его устройства и оборудование в рабочем состоянии и проводить тренировки.

2. Каждой тревоге соответствует свой сигнал, сигналы тревог повторяются 3-4 раза и дублируются голосом капитана или вахтенным помощником.

3. Существует несколько видов тревог – Человек за бортом, шлюпочная тревога, химическая и нападение пиратов, однако, самыми основными являются первые две из перечисленных и общесудовая тревога.

4. В аварийных ситуациях действия членов экипажа, находящихся на вахте, определяются судовыми расписаниями и распоряжениями капитана, судовым расписанием указываются обязанности экипажа по каждому виду судовых тревог и тип одежды и снаряжения.

5. Каждый член экипажа обязан знать устройство и особенности судна, расположение всех спасательных средств и противопожарного оборудования, свои обязанности и действия по тревогам.

6. Три длинных сигнала означает тревогу «Человек за бортом», все не занятые на вахте обязаны встать по местам штатного расписания по шлюпочной тревоге, остальные поднимаются на ют и выполняют распоряжения старшего вахтенного офицера.

7. В случаях, не оговоренных в других тревогах (пожар, поступление воды, и др.), прозвучит общесудовая тревога – непрерывный сигнал в течение 25-20 секунд, а все аварийные действия будут начаты аварийной партией.

8. Сигнал из семи коротких и одного длинного означает шлюпочную тревогу, причиной является оставление судна экипажем, поэтому следует встать на места согласно штатному расписанию по данному виду тревоги или подняться на полуют, необходимо быть в спасательном жилете и со своими документами.

9. Учебные тревоги подаются с разрешения капитана и предваряются (to be anticipated) словом «Учебная», по всем тревогам, кроме шлюпочной и «Человек за бортом», экипаж жилеты не надевает, но обязательно подносит их к месту сбора.

10. На занятиях изучают устройство судна, организацию и средства борьбы с пожаром на других судах и т.п., кроме этого, важное значение придается тренировкам экипажа по борьбе с водой, которые должны проводиться в разное время суток.