Cinema and theatre as arts: comparative characteristics. 


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Cinema and theatre as arts: comparative characteristics.



Mass media: general classification and overview.

Everywhere, every day, exciting things are happening. Each day is filled with news. People learn news and views during reading newspapers and magazines, talking over the telephone or they are kept informed by watching TV or listening to the radio. The press, the radio and television play a big role in the life of the society. They inform, educate and entertain people. They also influence the way people look at the world and make them change their views.

Of course, not all newspapers and TV programmes report the events objectively, but serious journalists and TV reporters try to be fair and provide us with reliable information.

It is true that the world today is full of dramatic events and most news seems to be bad news. But people aren't interested in ordinary events. That is why there are so many programmes and articles about natural disasters, plane crashes, wars, murders and robberies. Good news doesn't usually make headlines. Bad news does.

Some people say that journalists are given too much freedom. They often intrude on people's private lives. They follow celebrities and print sensational stories about them which are untrue or half-true. They take photos of them in their most intimate moments. The question is — should this be allowed?

The main source of news for millions of people is television. People like TV news because they can see everything with their own eyes. And that's an important advantage. Seeing, as we know, is believing. Besides, it's much more difficult for politicians to lie in front of the cameras than on the pages of newspapers.

Still, many people prefer the radio. It's good to listen to in the car, or in the open air, or when you do something about the house.

Newspapers don't react to events as quickly as TV, but they usually provide us with extra detail, comment and background information.

The Internet has recently become another important source of information. Its main advantage is that news appears on the screen as soon as things happen in real life and you don't have to wait for news time on TV.

 

 

What makes an ideal teacher? Use specific examples.

 

An ideal teacher is the one we respect from our heart. He/she acts as a guide to the students, while not pushing them too much. Such a perfect motivates them and boosts their morale. He/she tries to encourage the students and refrains from criticizing them. The perfect teacher prefers to give positive motivation to his/her students. His/her comments are always constructive in nature. He/she serves as our friend, guide, educator, confidante, and a blend of all the good qualities one can posses. Such a teacher shapes the entire life of the students. If everyone in this world gets an ideal teacher, he/she won't have to look back in his/her life ever.

 

Qualities Of A Perfect Teacher

Problem Solver

Students have a tendency to assume that their teacher will come up with a solution for all their problems. This is the toughest test of a teacher-student relationship. Teachers are largely responsible to solve the problems of their pupils, without expecting anything in return. It is the main yardstick of being an ideal teacher.

Understands Student Psychology

It is very important for a teacher to understand the psychology of his/her pupils. every student is different from the other and will react differently to situations. All students cannot be equated and therefore, need individual attention. An ideal teacher knows where the students lack and what their requirements are. He/she never fails to comprehend the needs of students and tries his/her level best to fulfill them.

An Idol For Students

An ideal teacher leaves a life-long impression on his/her students and impacts their mind in a positive way. She is a much valued asset, without whom one can't imagine a life. In fact, perfect teachers are as important as our parents. Not even a single day of our life will seem to be complete without them. They are the ones, whom the students can idolize and look up to.

 

A Good Guide

Children of a certain age trust their teachers, even more than their parents. Therefore, it is the responsibility of an ideal teacher to guide the pupil like his/her own child. Such a teacher shows students the right path under all circumstances and never shies away from his/her duties. In fact, he/she is always there by the student's side, at the time of need.

A Motivator

An ideal teacher never lets the limitations of his/her students restrict their vision. He/she constantly motivates them to reach ahead and broaden their horizon. A teacher should encourage and inspire his/her pupils to think beyond their confines and help them realize their talents as well as the need to pursue them with diligence.

 

Constitution of Ukraine.

The Constitution is the main law of each state. Each state enters into the Constitution the principles, according to which it lives. That’s why the Constitution is an integral part of the life of each state.

The Constitution of Ukraine was adopted on the 28th of June, 1996. It confirmed the main principles of our state, the rights, freedoms and duties of every citizen. It determines the order of the President elections, elections into the Verkhovna Rada, state symbols, independence and sovereignty of Ukraine.

The Constitution proclaims the freedom of speech, outlook and religion. The church and different religious organizations are separated from the state, and from the school. That’s why it is impossible to make any religion compulsory or state. But the church and religion are not isolated from the society.

The Constitution also proclaims the right for political unions, meetings and demonstrations and participation in governing the state. The duties of the citizens are also included into the Constitution. The family, childhood, maternity and paternity are guarded by the state. The military service and tax payment are also the duties of the citizens. Each citizen must observe the Constitution, preserve the freedoms and rights of other people and carry out his own duties.

 

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is a statement affirming the dignity and rights of all human beings, adopted by the United Nations (UN) in 1948. It is based on principles expressed in the UN Charter. The declaration is the first section of a proposed three-part international covenant, or agreement, on human rights. When adopted, the covenant will bind the participating nations in the same way as any international treaty. The two remaining sections of the covenant amplify the initial declaration in specific and enforceable terms. One is concerned with civil and political rights, and the other with economic, social, and cultural rights.

The rights described in the 30 articles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights include the right to life, liberty, and security of person; to freedom of conscience, religion, opinion, expression, association, and assembly; to freedom from arbitrary arrest; to a fair and impartial trial; to freedom from interference in privacy, home, or correspondence; to a nationality; to a secure society and an adequate standard of living; to education; and to rest and leisure. The declaration also affirms the rights of every person to own property; to be presumed innocent until proven guilty; to travel from a home country at will and return at will; to work under favorable conditions, receive equal pay for equal work, and join labor unions at will; to marry and raise a family; and to participate in government and in the social life of the community.

The declaration affected the terms of several national constitutions that were written after World War II (1939-1945). In 1956 the UN requested progress reports on human rights every three years from member nations.

 

Cinema and theatre as arts: comparative characteristics.

Some people say that the theatre is likely to disappear, while others believe that it will continue attracting large audiences.

The theatre has existed since 2000 ВС. Greek theatres were huge, open-air structures that were able to seat thousands of viewers. Nowadays there are many types of theatres: a comedy theatre, a drama theatre, a concert hall, a musical theatre, an opera and ballet house, a dance theatre and others. Some theatres are famous all over the world such as the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow or la Scala in Milan.

Personally, I am sure that the theatre is not likely to disappear. I am a real theatre-goer. To my mind, a good play stirs spectators1 imagination, makes them smile and cry, fills them with joy and excitement, makes them forget about dull reality and carries them away to a fantastic country. The theatre is a small world with its own rules, its own life and feelings. Going to the theatre is always an exciting event for me.

But nowadays a lot of people prefer watching a movie to going to the theatre. Some of them even say that the theatre will not last long. Firstly, a lot of people prefer to watch TV sitting in a comfortable armchair at home. Secondly, tickets for a good play are rather expensive. Finally, they should be bought beforehand and one will have to stand in a queue for a long time. But I believe that those people who say that they don't care about the theatre have never seen a good play.

 

Nowadays production companies are putting many films in 3D. Personally, I think that watching a 3D movie is a great fun. It gives you a wonderful opportunity to interact more with the film. To my mind, 3D movies prove that the technology can enhance not only the experience, but the storytelling too. People perceive the world around them with depth. So it would be natural to see films that are given more depth to the scene instead of flat images.

 

To conclude, I think that the theatre will exist as long as people love art and enjoy a special atmosphere that reigns in the theatre.

 

7. The mass media of Ukraine and the English-speaking countries.

Mass media is a broad concept. It includes radio, television, newspapers, magazines, Internet and else. It’s hard to imagine life without mass media nowadays. Media plays very important part in everyday life. It informs us about current affairs in the world. It educates us, gives a possibility to learn something new. It certainly entertains us in different ways. Mass media influences the way people dress, eat, communicate and many other parts of our lives. It can often make people change their views on different matters. Millions of people watch TV every day, listen to the radio in cars, read newspaper and magazines. Everyone finds something interesting through means of media. Of course, not all that we see, hear or read is objective. Sometimes the information can be altered. However, I believe that good reporters try to deliver us only reliable information.

The media in Ukraine today is a single public structure providing society with up-to-date detailed information concerning sociopolitical, economic, cultural aspects, etc. It is designed to positively influence the general public, from their progressive views, aspirations and ideals. At present, Ukraine numbers 4,000 editions varying in forms of ownership, genre, type, and periodicity. Periodicals are independent and censorshipfree. The national radio-and-television network of Ukraine is made up of government-run and non-government radio and TV companies. Ukraine is a member of the International Telecommunication Union and an active participant in the Intervision network. Besides State channel "UT-1" there have appeared several nongoverment TV and radio companes: "1+1", "Inter" "STB" and others. Among Ukraine's information agencies special popularity enjoy the UKRINFORM (Ukrainian National Information Agency), UNIAR (Ukrainian Independent Information Agency Respublica), and several others. These agencies have correspondents and reporters throughout the country and abroad and disseminate information both within and outside Ukraine.

 

Like in any other country of the world, television is very popular in the USA and Great Britain: many families here have more than one TV set. The most popular channels on the British TV are BBC 1, BBC, ITV and Channel. The two BBC channels are national — they are founded by the government but are non-political. On BBC Channels the televiewers can watch news, TV sport programmes, educational programmes, interviews with prominent people, musical programmes and many other items. Films are shown on TV, too, but usually they are old: some of the films are made specially for television, for example, so-called soap operas. Out of the 1,500 TV stations in the USA about 1,200 are commercial ones. Сommercial TV stations broadcast mainly entertainment programmes because they must attract as many televiewers as possible in order to sell advertising time at high prices.

In the morning, before work, and in the evening, when they come home, people in the English-speaking countries like to read newspapers and magazines, watch TV or listen to the radio. The newspapers, which are produced in Great Britain, the USA and other English-speaking countries, are divided into national and local. The national newspapers are those, which are sold all over the country: they are “The Times”, “The Guardian”, “The Independent”, “The Daily Telegraph” and “The Financial Times” in Great Britain and “The Wall Street Journal”, “The New York Times”, “The Washington Post” and “The Christian Science Monitor” in the USА



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