Тема: рідне село або місто проживання.

Робота над текстом. Підготовка розповіді про рідне село або місто.

Kherson

Kherson is the southern Ukrainian city. It is built on the right bank of the river Dnieper. If you want to go to the Black Sea it will take you 1,5 hours by car or 2 hours by bus. The climate here is dry. Winters are cold and summers are hot, and the winds often blow. In summer many people go to the river bank or to the Black Sea, and there are many fruit and vegetables: apples, cherries, strawberries, peaches, grapes, tomatoes, cucumbers, potatoes, etc.

Population of Kherson is nearly 360, 000 people. Today it is a large sea- and river-port. There are two bridges over the Dnieper which join Kherson and a smaller town Tsurupinsk. There are wonderful views of the river and the countryside. There is fresh air and good climate, so many tourists visit Kherson in summer. Kherson is over 200 years old. Admiral Ushakov and his soldiers built many ships here in the 18^th century and fought with Turkish army. Russian army won.

10 years ago the main branches of industry here were ship-building, textile and building of agricultural machines. But there is an economic crisis in Ukraine nowadays, so many factories closed down. Nowadays the main branches of industry are ship-building and tinned food factories, but there is not enough work for all people. Those who work don’t earn much. There are many good colleges and universities such as Kherson State University, the Technical University, the Shipbuilding University and the Agricultural University.

There is a good drama theatre and a puppet-show. If you like painting you can go to the Art Museum. There are good pictures of the painters of the 18^th, 19^th and 20^th centuries. There are also many bars, cinemas, clubs, gyms and a swimming-pool. People sometimes call Kherson «a green city» because there are many parks there.

2. Виконання після текстових вправ.

Ex. 1. Complete the following sentences.

Kherson is the … Ukrainian city. It is built on the … of the river Dnieper. If you want to go to the Black Sea it will... The climate here is... Winters are … and summers are… In summer many people go …, and there are many fruit and vegetables: … … of Kherson is nearly 360, 000 people. Today it is a large sea-... There are two … over the Dnieper which…. There are wonderful views of... There is fresh … and good…, so many … Admiral Ushakov and his soldiers … and fought... Russian army... 10 years ago the main branches of industry here were... But there is an economic…, so many factories… Nowadays the main … are …, but there is not enough... Those who work don’t... There are many good colleges and universities such as … There is a good drama … and a... If you like painting you can go to... There are good pictures of the... There are also many …. People sometimes call Kherson … because …

3. Робота над граматичним матеріалом. Структура англійського речення (таблиця видо-часових форм англійського дієслова). Звороти there is, there are.

Ex 1. Put the words in order to build sentences.
1. is park in the There centre. a. 2. the four town. in schools are There. 3. and a in park is the cinema a city. There. 4. is. Yes, there. 5. are new There neighbours. 6. is a pig. There. 7. There is no water. 8. there games Are. 9. are. there Yes,

Ex.2. Choose either There is or There are and translate the sentences.
1. ______________ two boys in the car.
2. ___________ a book on the shelf.
3. __________ one apple on the table.
4. __________ a lot of trees in our yard.
5. _________ some grapes in the bowl.
6. _________ a dog under the table.
7. _________ carrots in the soup.
8. __________ a policeman at the door.
9. __________ policemen at the door.
10. ________ some fruit on the table.
Ex. 3.Choose the word (a, b) that best completes the sentence. Write the number of the sentence and the letter of the answer, e.g. 1b, 2a, 3b.

1. What time did you … up yesterday? a) get b) got c) gets. 2. I will … to the cinema tomorrow a) go b) went c) gone. 3. He came into the room, switched on the light and … to do his homework a) begin b) began c) begun. 4. Be quiet. The girl has just … asleep a) fall b) fell c) fallen. 5. My aunt has … beautiful roses this year a) grow b) grew c) grown. 6. The children like milk and … it every morning a) drink b) drank c) drunk.

4. Робота над текстом за професійним спрямуванням: текст “ The stroke rehabilitation team”.

The stroke rehabilitation team:

The stroke rehabilitation team revolves around the patient and family. The team helps set short- and long-term treatment goals for recovery and is made up of many skilled professionals, including the following:

• physicians such as a neurologist (a physician who treats conditions of the nervous system such as stroke) and physiatrist (a physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation)
• internists and specialists
• critical care nurses
• rehabilitation nurses
• physical therapists
• occupational therapists
• speech and language pathologists
• dietitians
• social workers and chaplains
• psychologists, neuropsychologists, and psychiatrists
• case managers

The stroke rehabilitation program:

The outlook for stroke patients today is more hopeful than ever due to advances in both stroke treatment and rehabilitation. Stroke rehabilitation works best when the patient, family, and rehabilitation staff works together as a team. Family members must learn about impairments and disabilities caused by the stroke and how to help the patient achieve optimal function again.

Rehabilitation medicine is designed to meet each person's specific needs; thus, each program is different. Some general treatment components for stroke rehabilitation programs include the following:

• treating the basic disease and preventing complications
• treating the disability and improving function
• providing adaptive tools and altering the environment
• teaching the patient and family and helping them adapt to lifestyle changes

According to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke(NINDS), in general, there are five types of disabilities that stroke can cause: paralysis or problems controlling movement such as walking or balance and/or swallowing; sensory (ability to feel touch, pain, temperature, or position) disturbances; difficulty using or understanding language; thinking and memory problems, and emotional disturbances. Stroke rehabilitation can help you recover from the effects of stroke, relearn skills, and new ways to perform tasks and depends on many variables, including the following:

• the cause, location, and severity of stroke
• the type and degree of any impairments and disabilities from the stroke
• the overall health of the patient
• family and community support

Areas covered in stroke rehabilitation programs may include the following:

Список літератури:

1. Барановська Т.В. Граматика англійської мови. Збірник вправ: Навч. посібник. Видання друге, виправлене та доповнене – Мова англ., укр. – Київ: ТОВ “ВП Логос-М», 2007. – 384с.

 

Практичне заняття № 3

Тема: Друзі та спільні інтереси. Захоплення та хобі. Навчання вуніверситеті. Студмістечко.

План роботи

1. Робота над текстом. Розповідь про захоплення та хобі (свої та друзів). Навчання в університеті. Студмістечко.

My Hobby

Though biological subjects are my favourite subjects, I take great interest in English, because it helps greatly to master basic biological subjects. There is a great deal of literature in English which deals with the very field of biology. Moreover, those biology students, who have a good command of English, are recommended to take special courses in the USA, Great Britain or Canada.

Mastering English has been my hobby since the childhood. Every year, being on holidays I used to read English books (adapted, later in the original). Thanks to my parents I had a rich collection of video cassettes and audio cassettes at my disposal; they helped me a good deal to improve my pronunciation, to enrich my vocabulary and to be good at English grammar. To tell the truth, I am not extremely pleased with my level of English. I understand perfectly well that learning English at the University, especially legal English is a good chance (opportunity) for me to improve my language skills, first of all those of spoken English which are in constant need of brushing up.

Kherson State University

Kherson State University is the biggest institution of higher education in Kherson, of the IVth ac­creditation level. Our educational establishment is the oldest in the Southern Ukraine. This year the University is going to celebrate its 90-th anniversary.

It prepares qualified specialists in 36 specialties, professionals in their work. These are teach­ers of all subjects which are taught at school, teachers for preschool child, engineer teachers, biologists, speech therapists, chemists, historians, lawyers, economists, environmentalists, psychologists, social workers, journalists, transla­tors and others. Such task is accomplished by our tight-knit teaching stuff comprising 56 professors, doctors of sciences; 228 associate professors, candidates of sciences; 105 senior teachers, assistants.

Forty five chairs provide training of students and supervise their scientific activities. Alto­gether there are about 8 thousand of full-time, part-time and external students studying at the Univer­sity, almost 1400 of them annually graduate as diploma professionals with bachelor's, specialist's or master's degree.

Besides the 5 educational buildings the University has a sporting health-improving camp "Burevestnik" on the Black Sea coast, training center on the river Dnieper, botanic garden - agro biological station in the city of Kherson.

1500 students from other cities and towns live in University dormitories. University library with 5 reading-rooms, containing 400000 units of book storage, works all days of week.

One of the principal directions in the University work is preparation and realization of interna­tional projects in the field of science and education. Today higher education in the whole world is characterized by mutual integration and interna­tionalization of educational process. Integration objectives are brought to the forefront in Bologna Declaration. For this reason the development of international relations belongs to primary aims of Kherson State University. Cooperation with the foreign partners is realized on substantive directions by means of differ­ent organizational forms - from students and stuff exchanges, to participation in international confer­ences, seminars, "round tables" for realization of joint complex educational projects.

2. Виконання після текстових вправ.

Ex. 1. Consult a dictionary, transcribe and translate the following words; practice their pronunciation:

the biggest institution of higher education; participation; educational establishment; "round tables"; anniversary; substantive directions; specialty; environmentalists, psychologists and social workers; full-time, part-time and external students; a sporting health-improving camp; dormitory; contain; mutual integration and interna­tionalization; belongs to primary aims.

3. Робота над граматичним матеріалом: Іменник. Множина іменника. Присвійний відмінок.

4. Виконання граматичних вправ.

Ex.1 Give the plural form of the noun:

Man, colloquium, knife, lake, goose, swine, fish, nucleus, bus, trousers, crisis, information, wife, dish, advice, linen, deer, half, stairs, fly, courage, medium, mouse, sea, foot, calf, phenomenon, peace, scissors, analysis, woman, shelf.

Ex. 2 Consult a dictionary, transcribe and translate the following words; practice their pronunciation.

Colloquia, phenomena, crises, radii, bases, data, analyses, media, criteria, nuclei, formulas, goods, clothes, wages, contents, brothers-in law, new-comers.

Ex. 3 Use the right form of the noun.

1. A lot of... take part in the Olympic Games every four years. Our … declared its independence in 1991. (country, countries). 2. Every … students have lectures and seminars. It took them several... to finish the experiment. (day, days) 3. Kyiv is one of the oldest... in Europe. The city of Shanghai has 20 million of population (city, cities). 4. Small … like to laugh and play. Tom's... has a new toy. (baby, babies)

Ex. 4 Make the sentences plural.

1. He is a teacher. 2.She is a pretty girl of sixteen. 3. A student is not a sportsman. 4. There is a man behind you. 5. The glass is full. 6. Here is a book and a notebook. 7. A wolf is an animal. 8. A foot is a part of man’s body. 9. The leaf is green. 10. John’s wife is busy now. 11. The shop is open today. 12. The book is on the shelf. 13. The child is young. 14. The knife is sharp. 15. The party is good. 16. The box is open.

Ex. 5 Translate into Russian. Name the nouns which have no plural form.

1. My mother always gives me good advice. 2. This money belongs to my brother. 3. His hair is dark. 4. No news is good news. 5. The dean was happy to see our progress. 6. Mathematics is an interesting science. 7. Fruit is useful for our health. 8. There are apples, plums, pears and other fruit in the box. 9. Sugar is produced in Cuba. 10. Butter is fresh. 11. Milk is useful. 12. Her knowledge is poor.

Ex. 6 Write out the nouns which are used in English only in the plural.

1. My spectacles are broken. 2. These scissors are very sharp. 3. Your trousers are too short. 4. The arms were cleaned. 5. The stairs are clean. 6. His clothes are new. 7. These goods are excellent.

Ex. 7 Use the possessive case in the following sentences:

1. The room of my friend. 2. The questions of my son. 3. The wife of my brother. 4. The table of our teacher. 5. The poems of Shevchenko. 6. The voice of this girl. 7. The new club of the workers. 8. The letter of Pete. 9. The car of my parents. 10 The life of this woman. 11. The handbags of these women. 12. The flat of my sister is large. 13. The children of my brother are at home. 14. The room of the boys is large. 15. The name of this girl is Jane. 16. The work of these students is interesting.

Ex.8 Translate from Ukrainian into English:

Зустріч студентів, промені сонця, тінь місяця, іграшки дітей, лідер партії, рішення уряду, парки Херсона, помилки учнів, лекція професора, уряд Польші, збори останньої середи, сорочка мого брата, традиції його родини.

5. Робота над текстом за професійним спрямуванням: текст “A Strange Substance – Salt”.

If you reached for the salt shaker recently to add a little flavor to your food, you probably never gave a thought to salt's many uses. Though it is one of the most common substances on earth, salt is one of the strangest in God's creation. It is composed of two poisonous elements: chlorine and sodium. Yet, the chemical combination, sodium chloride, is necessary for life both on earth and in the sea.

When our bodies perspire through exercise or from the heat of the day, the result is an imbalance of water in our system. Our body's salt mysteriously regulates our thirst so that we will want to drink more water to achieve the proper balance.

Salt is also a preservative. Before refrigeration, sailors kept their food from spoiling on long voyages by keeping it in a saline (salt) solution. The salt in the ocean slows down decay to give the scavengers of the sea plenty of time to do their work.

The flavor of many foods is increased when a little salt is added to them. Compare the taste of an egg, for example, with or without a little salt. Salt is necessary for the digestion of food. The sodium breaks down the proteins, and the chlorine forms the hydrochloric acid in the stomach's digestive fluids. The sodium contained in salt is necessary for muscle contraction, including the rhythmic beating of the heart. The sodium also triggers nerve impulses in transmitting feeling.

Salt was considered so valuable in Rome that it was used as payment for soldiers. It was a compliment when someone would tell a person he was "worth his salt."

Yet, as in most situations, there can be too much of a good thing. People with medical problems must be careful of their salt intake, for most Americans eat too much salt. Even small amounts can raise their blood pressure.

6. Виконання пілятекстових вправ.

Ex. 1 Answer the questions:

1) What is salt? 2) What is it composed of? 3) What can be the reason of an imbalance of water in our system? 4) How does the body’s salt regulate our thirst? 5) Why is salt necessary for the digestion of food? 6) What is the importance of the sodium? 7) Why salt can be a medical problem? Can you think of any other chemical that has so many varied uses?

Список літератури:

1. Барановська Т.В. Граматика англійської мови. Збірник вправ: Навч. посібник. Видання друге, виправлене та доповнене – Мова англ., укр. – Київ: ТОВ “ВП Логос-М», 2007. – 384с.

2. Л.В. Мисик, А.Л. Арцишевська, Л.Р. Кузнєцова, Л.Л. Поплавська. Англійська мова. Комунікативний аспект. / За ред. доц. Мисик Л.В. – Підручник. – К.: Атіка, 2000. – 368с.

3. Гужва Т. М. Англійська мова: Розмовні теми: Навч. посіб. Для студентів фак. інозем. філології, університетів, ліцеїв, гімназій та коледжів. – Харків: Фоліо, 2005. – 414с.

 

Практичне заняття № 4

Тема: Риси характеру людини.

1. Розповідь про особливості характеру за допомогою словника. Складання позитивної та негативної характеристики людини.

Positive

	Word	Explanatory note
	active	doing a lot of things; always busy - активний
	energetic	full of energy - енергійний
	lively	full of life and energy - сповнений життя; веселий
	dynamic	full of energy and ideas; a powerful personality - динамічний; енергійний
	sociable, outgoing	friendly; enjoying the company of other people - товариський; компанійський
	talkative	liking or willing to talk - балакучий
	decisive	able to make decisions quickly - рішучий
	an extrovert	sociable person who finds it easy to talk to people and likes to attract attention - комунікабельний; той, який любить бути в центрі уваги
	careful	taking care to avoid mistakes, danger - обережний
	cautious	very careful; not wanting to act quickly - обачний; передбачливий
	wary	very cautious because he is not sure about smth. - насторожений; обачний
	efficient	working well and quickly - знаючий; спритний
	competent	able to do a job well - компетентний; досвідчений
	particular	not easily satisfied; choosing very carefully - старанний; акуратний, (as a noun - близький приятель)
	fussy	very particular - метушливий
	conservative	not wanting to do or try anything new — консервативний; поміркований
	honest	able to be trusted - чесний
	trustworthy	able to be trusted - надійний; той, якому можна довірити
	reliable	able to be relied on - певний; надійний
	sincere	believing or meaning what you say - щирий
	genuine	sincere - справжній; щирий
	frank	honest and open in expressing one's real thoughts - відвертий; відкритий
	direct	honest and going straight to the point without hesitation - прямий;
	blunt	speaking directly, without trying to be polite - різкий
	considerate	kind; thoughtful - тактовний; делікатний
	sympathetic (to)	kind and understanding the feelings and problems of other people - співчутливий
	generous (to)	happy to give money, help - щедрий
	polite (to)	having good manners and consideration for other people - ввічливий
	well-mannered	polite - вихований; ґречний
	pleasant	friendly and polite - привітний
	civil	polite, without being friendly - коректний
	tactful	careful not to upset someone - тактовний
	diplomatic	showing skill in dealing with people - дипломатичний; тактовний
	modest	not wanting to be admired - скромний
	confident	sure of himself and his abilities - впевнений у собі
	bossy	fond of giving other people orders (not being a boss) - той, що верховодить
	persistent	continuing to do smth. inspite of difficulty - напористий
	tolerant	able to accept or allow the opinions of other people even if one doesn't agree - толерантний
	patient	able to wait for smth. without becoming annoyed – терпеливий
	easygoing	not easily worried or annoyed and thus tolerant – безтурботний; доб­родушно-веселий
	open-minded	willing to listen to new ideas - неупереджений; з широким сві­тоглядом
	Negative
	Word	Explanatory note
	lazy	disliking activity - ледачий; лінивий
	A pathetic	having no desire to change a bad situation - байдужий
quiet	not saying very much - спокійний
reserved	not saying what he thinks or feels - потайливий; скритний
an introvert	who is more interested in his own thoughts and feelings than in the world around him - людина, зосереджена на своїх переживаннях
to hang about/around	to stay in a place doing nothing - байдикувати; вештатися
careless	not careful - необережний
sloppy	doing work in a careless way - неохайний; недбалий
inefficient	not efficient - неспритний; незнаючий
incompetent	not competent - некомпетентний; недосвідчений
rash	impulsive; doing foolish or dangerous things - нерозважливий; нерозсудливий
dishonest	not honest - нечесний
untrustworthy	not trustworthy - ненадійний
unreliable	not reliable - непевний; ненадійний
insincere	not sincere - несправжній (друг); нещирий
two-faced	saying one thing at one time or to one person and the opposite thing at another time - дволичний; лукавий
cunning	clever in using people and situations in order to get what he wants - хитрий
inconsiderate	thoughtless - нетактовний; неделікатний
selfish	caring only about himself- егоїстичний
mean	not generous - нещедрий; скнарий
greedy	always wanting more - ненажерливий; пожадливий
rude (to)	not polite (often intentionally) - грубий
bad/ill-mannered	having bad manners; impolite - погано вихований
cheeky	lacking respect and politeness - зухвалий; нахабний
tactless	without tact - нетактовний
shy	not confident; nervous in the company - сором 'язливий
self-conscious	feeling that everybody is looking at you - самовпевнений
arrogant	behaving as if you are better than everyone else - зарозумілий; гордовитий
big-headed	not modest - нескромний
vain	full of love for one's own appearance - самозакоханий
smug	too satisfied with oneself- самовдоволений
pushy	always demanding things from other people and trying to get them - напористий
stubborn	refusing to move, change one's mind - впертий
pig-headed	stubborn and very angry - впертий; тупий
awkward	difficult to deal with - той, з ким важко ладити
petty	small-minded - обмежений; недалекий

2. Робота над граматичним матеріалом: Артикль. Означений та неозначений артикль. Вживання артиклів.

3. Виконання вправ з граматики.

Ex. 1. Fill in the articles where it’s necessary:

1. This is … girl. … girl is pretty. What … pretty girl! 2. These are … exercise-books. 3. We live in … Europe. 4. I want to go to… British Museum. 5. …Smiths go to … Paris twice … month. 6. There is … book on the… desk. 7. … sun is shining brightly in … blue sky. 8. My… uncle and his … aunt are … doctors.9. What … colour is your new… hat? – It’s.. red. 10. He has no … coffee in his… cup.

Ex. 2. Fill in the articles where it’s necessary.

1. … Thames is … short river. 2. … Ukraine is washed by … Black Sea in … south. 3. … Kiev is to … south of … Moscow.4. … Europe is … continent. 5. …Kiev is … capital of … Ukraine. 6. Is... Asia … island or … continent? 7. … best way to know and understand people of … other countries is to meet them in their … own homes. 8. There are … three rooms in… flat…. living room is … largest of all. 9. Let’s go to …shop. I must buy … bread and… milk.

4. Робота над текстом за професійним спрямуванням: текст “ What Is A Heart Attack? What Causes A Heart Attack?”

If the heart muscle does not have enough blood (and consequently oxygen) it dies and a heart attack occurs. Another name for a heart attack is myocardial infarction, cardiac infarction and coronary thrombosis. According to Medilexicon's medical dictionary, a heart attack is "infarction of a segment of heart muscle, usually due to occlusion of a coronary artery". (Infarction = the process whereby an area of dead tissue is caused by a loss of blood supply).

A heart attack usually happens when a blood clot develops in one of the blood vessels that lead to the heart muscle (coronary arteries). The clot, if it is big enough, can stop the supply of blood to the heart. Blood supply to the heart can also be undermined if the artery suddenly narrows, as in a spasm.