Grounds for seeing statives as separate parts of speech

GROUNDS	ARGUMENTS PRO	ARGUMENTS CONTRA
GROUND 1	This set of words is built up by adding the same morphological index: the prefix –a (afraid, ablaze, asleep, alive, awake)	It is not easy sometimes to subtract prefix from the root (afraid, awry, aslant)
GROUND 2	Statives are to denote the states, not qualities as the adjectives do. The main meaning types conveyed by statives are: a) the psychic state of a person (afraid, ashamed, aware); b) the physical state of a person (astir, afoot); c) the physical state of an object (afire, ablaze, aglow); d) the state of an object in space (askew, awry, aslant).	The common adjectives taken in the adjective-type functions can express the same, properties (or "qualities" in a broader sense) as are expressed by statives.   Cf: the living predecessor — the predecessor alive; eager curiosity — curiosity agog; the burning house — the house afire; a floating raft — a raft afloat; a half-open door — a door adjar; slanting ropes — ropes aslant; a vigilant man — a man awake; similar cases — cases alike; an excited crowd — a crowd astir.
GROUND 3	Statives are used in the function of the predicative. They are even called "adlinks" (by some authors) because of the virtue of their connection with link-verbs and on the analogy of the term "adverbs".   Also the statives- are not used in the pre-positional attributive function, i.e. are characterised by the absence of the right-hand combinability with nouns.	The common adjectives may be also used as predicative, especially those that denote some psychic state (despondent, curious, happy, joyful) or physical state (s ound, refreshed, healthy, hungry) or activity state (busy, functioning, active, employed etc)   The common adjectives, can be also distinguished by the left-hand categorial combinability both with nouns and link-verbs. Cf.: The household was all astir.——The household was all excited — It was strange to see (the household activeat this hour of the day.— It was strange to see the household active at this hour of the day. l
GROUND 4	The statives don’t have category of the degrees of comparison.	However the statives may express some elative meaning analytically: e.g. Of us all, Jack was the one most aware of the delicate situation in which we found ourselves. I saw that the adjusting lever stood far more askew than was allowed by the di­rections.

CONCLUSION 1:

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CONCLUSION2:

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CONCLUSION3:

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CONCLUSION4:

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THE TOTAL CONCLUSION:

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The main adjectival oppositions.

Grammatical oppositions based on the semantical criterion

LEVEL	PRESENTATION	STRONG MEMBER
UPPER	common adjectives –– statives	common adjectives
LOWER	(common only) relative-qualitative	Qualitative

Grammatical oppositions based on the degree of comparison

 

TYPES OF OPPOSITION	LEVELS	DESCRIPTION	STRONG MEMBER
DEGREES	UPPER	positive –– superiority degrees	superiority degrees
LOWER	comparative-superlative degree	superlative degree
FORMS	UPPER	syntactical- analytical forms	analytical forms
LOWER	direct- reverse analytical forms	Direct
FUNCTION	EVALUATIVE	evaluative- specificative	Evaluative
SYNTACTICAL	attributive -predicative	Attributive

 

 

The Adverb: general characteristics as a part of speech, adverbal classifications, the main approaches to the problem. The main principals of adverbial subdivisions. The Adverb and its functions in a sentence.

SOME POINTS TO CLARIFY:

What does the Adverb denote as part of speech?

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Is the adjective always dependent on the verbs?

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Which syntactical functions can this part of speech have in a sentence

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