Тема 12 Traditions and Customs of English-Speaking Countries

Часов Времена группы Perfect Continuous

Task 1. Finish the following:

1. Great Britain has very many __________________________________________________.

2. Foreigners coming to England are struck by _____________________________________.

3. Some ceremonies are _______________________________________________________.

4. The special duty of Life Guards is to ___________________________________________.

5. Englishmen prefer their own house with ________________________________________.

6. Every year a large number of old cars drive ______________________________________.

7. Most English speaking countries have similar ___________________________________.

 

Task 2. Look through the text and:

1) convey its gist in the form of a thesis;

2) select information which is new to you;

3) explain the origin of the food and drink you like most of all;

4) think of any life situation in which you will be able to use the information you have learnt from this text.

 

American Food and Drink

Hot Dogs

Ted Dorgan, a sport cartoonist, gave the frankfurter its nickname in 1906. He concluded that it resembled a dachshund’s body and put that whimsy into a drawing, which he captioned “Hot dog!”

The hot dog was brought to the US shortly before the Civil War by a real Frankfurter – Charles Feltman who opened a stand in New York and sold grilled sausages on warmed rolls.

Nowadays Americans consume more than 12 billion frankfurters a year.

Hamburgers

Modern hamburgers on a bun were first served at the St. Louis Fair in 1904, but Americans really began eating them in quantity in the 1920s. Chopped beef, tasty and easily prepared, quickly caught on as family fair, and today hamburger stands, drive-ins, and burger chains offer Americans their favourite hot sandwich at every turn.

The history of hamburger dates back to medieval Europe.

A Tartar dish of raw beef seasoned with salt and onion juice was brought from Russia to Germany by early German sailors. The lightly broiled German chopped-beef cake, with pickles and pumpernickel on the side, was introduced to America in the early 1800s by German immigrants.

Potato Chips

George Crumb, an American Indian who was the chef at Moon’s Lake House in New York, in the mid-19^th century, was irked when a finicky dinner guest kept sending back his French fried potatoes, complaining they were too thick. In exasperation, Crump, shaved the potatoes into tissue thin slices and deep fried them in oil.

He had a dishful of crisp “Saratoga chips” presented to the guest, who was delighted with the new treat. Potato chips became the specialty of Moon’s Lake House and later, America’s crunchiest between-meal snack.

Coca-Cola

America’s best known soft drink was first concocted by an Atlanta pharmacist in 1886. The syrup was cooked up by John S. Pemberton from extracts of coca leaves and the kola nut. He then organizes the Pemberton Chemical Company, and Coca-Cola syrup mixed with plain water was sold in a local drugstore for 5 cents a glass.

Sales were slow until in 1887 a prosperous Atlanta druggist, Asa G. Candler, bought the Coca-Cola formula – then as now a carefully guarded secret – and added carbonated water to the syrup instead of plain water. In 1919 the company was sold out and Coca-Cola rapidly extended its market.

Today Coca-Cola has to compete with many other soft drinks but it is still one of the symbols of the United States.

 

Task 3. Find the Russian equivalents to the following words:

nickname _________________, dachshund ________________, in quantity _______________, drive-ins _______________________, seasoned with salt and onion juice ____________________ ____________________________, finicky dinner guest _____________________________, dishful of crisp __________________________, the specialty _____________________, between-meal snack _______________________________, soft drink ______________________,

then as now ______________________, rapidly extended its market _______________________.

Task 4. Translate the sentences:

 

1. How long have you been leaning English? ________________________________________

2. They’ve been waiting here for over an hour. ______________________________________

3. I’ve been watching television since 2 o’clock. _____________________________________

4. She has been playing tennis since she was eight. ___________________________________

5. How long have you been smoking? _____________________________________________

6. George hasn’t been feeling very well recently._____________________________________

Task 5. Make the sentences according to the model:

 

Model: Tom is out of breath. (he / run) - He has been running.

 

1. Trees are white with snow (it / snow). __________________________________________

2. Ann is very tired (she / work / hard).____________________________________________

3. You are staying indoors (it / drizzle). ___________________________________________

4. Bob has a black eye and Bill has a cut lip (Bob and Bill / fight). _____________________ __________________________________________________________________________

5. You are wet through (it / rain). ________________________________________________

6. George has just come back from the beach. ______________________________________

7. He is very red (he / lie in the sun). _____________________________________________

 

Task 6. Ask questions according to the model:

 

Model: Your friend’s hands are covered in oil (you/ work/ on the car?) -

Have you been working on the car?

 

1. You see a little boy. His eyes are red and watery (you/ cry?) _________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

2. The leaves on trees are wet (it/ rain?) ____________________________________________

3. You have just arrived to meet your friend who is waiting for you (you/ wait / long?)______ __________________________________________________________________________

4. Your friend comes in. His face and hands are very dirty (what/ you/ do?)________________

__________________________________________________________________________

 

Task 7. Ask questions beginning with “how long” according to the model:

 

Model: It is raining. - How long has it been raining?

 

1. It is snowing. ______________________________________________________________

2. My foot is hurting. __________________________________________________________

3. Mike plays chess. ___________________________________________________________

4. Jill sells washing machines. ___________________________________________________

5. Tom lives in High Street. _____________________________________________________

 

Task 8. Read the sentences and continue them according to the model:

 

Model: When I went outdoors the trees and the ground were white. (It / snow). –

It had been snowing all night.

 

1. Tom felt very tired. (He/ study/ hard/ all day). – He _______________________________.

2. When I walked into the room, it was empty. But there was a smell of cigarettes. (Somebody/ smoke/ in the room). – Somebody _____________________________________________.

3. When Mary came back from the beach, she looked very red from the sun. (She/ lie/ in the sun long). - She ___________________________________________________________.

 

Task 9. Use the proper form of the verb Past Perfect Continuous (had been doing) or Past Continuous (was/ were doing):

 

Model: 1. Tom was leaning against the wall, out of breath. He … (run). - He had been running.

2. I tried to catch Tom but I couldn’t. He … (run) very fast. - He was running very fast.

 

1. Jim was on his hands and knees on the floor. He … (look) for his cigarette lighter. ________ __________________________________________________________________________

2. When I arrived, Ann … (wait) for me. She was rather annoyed with me because I was late and she …(wait) for a very long time. ___________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

 

Task 10. Use the verbs in brackets in the correct tense form Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous:

 

1. Have you brought the book which your uncle (read) for the last three days? – No, I haven’t, because he (read not) yet. _____________________________________________________

2. I (look) for my ring for half an hour. I’m afraid I (lose) it somewhere on the beach. _______ __________________________________________________________________________

3. I (wonder) all the morning what a conceited (тщеславный) young woman she (become). __

__________________________________________________________________________

 

Task 11. Use the verbs in brackets in the correct tense form Past Perfect or Past Perfect Continuous:

 

1. We couldn’t go out because it (rain) since early morning. __________________________________________________________________________

2. I (run) into the room just before the teacher came in. __________________________________________________________________________

3. I (read) about an hour when he came. __________________________________________________________________________

4. She (make) great progress by that time. __________________________________________________________________________

5. He said he (work) for a long time without achieving final results. __________________________________________________________________________