Limb 1 A leg, an arm or a wing; 2 a large branch of a tree.

БЕКІТЕМІН

«Л.Н. Гумилев атындағы Еуразия ұлттық университеті» ШЖҚ РМК

Филология

факультетінің деканы

_________ Ш.Қ.Жарқынбекова

(қолы)

_________ 2014ж.

МО

 

KBShT 3202 «Кәсіби бағытталған шет тілі» (ағылшын тілі)

(модульдің атауы және шифры)

KBShT 3202

«Кәсіби бағытталған шет тілі» (ағылшын тілі) пәні бойынша

(жұмыс оқу жоспары бойынша пәннің коды және толық атауы)

 

5В060700«Биология», 5В070100 «Биотехнология».

(мамандықтың/мамандандырудың шифры және атауы)

мамандығының(тарының) білім алушыларына арналған

 

ПӘННІҢ ОҚУ-ӘДIСТЕМЕЛIК КЕШЕНІ

 

 

Астана

Пәннің оқу-әдістемелік кешенін (ПОӘК) рәсімдеуге қойылатын талаптардың тізімі

1. Титулды парақ

2. Міндетті компонент пәніне арналған типтік оқу бағдарламасы

3. Syllabus (оқу жұмыс бағдарламасы)

4. Пән бойынша глоссарий

5. Оқу пәнінің тақырыбы бойынша дәріс тезистері және дәріс курсын оқу бойынша әдістемелік нұсқаулықтар

6. Тәжірибелік/семинарлық және зертханалық сабақтарды өткізу жоспары және оларға дайындалудың әдістемелік нұсқаулықтары

7. Білім алушылардың өздік жұмысына арналған тапсырмалар және олардың орындалуы бойынша әдістемелік нұсқаулықтар

8. Ағымдық, аралық және қорытынды бақылауға арналған материалдар жәнеолардың орындалуы бойынша әдістемелік нұсқаулықтар

9. Курстық жұмысты орындау бойынша әдістемелік нұсқаулықтар (егер олар оқу жоспарында қарастырылған болса)

10. Оқу сабақтарын бағдарламалық және мультимедиялық сүйемелдеу тізімі (пәннің мазмұнына байланысты)

Силлабус

1. Курс құрастырылған: Отызбаева К.Ж. - филология факультеті, шетел тілдері кафедрасының магистр, аға оқытушы.

Байланыс телефоны: 8 [phone], (ішкі номер 32-222), [e-mail]

Ғылыми қызығушылықтары: Шетел тілін оқытудың инновациялық әдістері және бақылау, лингвистика

 

2. Шетел тілі. Код: KBShT 3202 Кәсіби бағытталған шет тілі (ағылшын тілі)

Кредит саны – 2

 

3. Оқу жоспары бойынша сағаттардың бөлінуі

Сабақ түрі	Сағаттардың жалпы саны	Күзгі семестр	Көктемгі семестр
Аптасына	Барлығы	Аптасына	Барлығы
Дәріс
Тәжірибелік сабақ
Семинарлық сабақ
Зертханалық сабақ
Студиялық сабақ
БӨЖ

 

4. Оқу пәнінің пререквизиттері мен постреквизиттері:

Пререквизиттері – 2 семестр Шетел тілі 2 (В1 деңгейі)

Постреквизиттері -

 

5. Оқу пәнінің сипаттамасы

5.1 Оқу пәнін оқытудың мақсаты мен міндеттері.

Мақсаты:

базалық стандарт деңгейі (В2) бойынша шеттілдік білімді жүзеге асыру үдерісінде тілдік емес мамандықтар студенттерінің мәдениаралық-қатысымдық құзіретін қалыптастыру, оқу үдерісінде пайда болған білім, дағдылар мен шеберліктерді студенттердің кәсіптік бағытта қолдана білу қабілеттерін қалыптастыру, студенттердің өзін-өзі ұйымдастыру және өздігінен білім алу қабілеттерін дамыту.

Міндеттері:

- шетел тілінде «Биология», «Биотехнология» мамандығыныңтерминологиясы мен лексикасын (600 лексикалық бірлік) қолдану дағдысын меңгерту;

- сөйлеу қызметі түрлерінің барлығын пайдалана отырып (тыңдау, сөйлеу, оқу, жазу), шетел тілінде оқудың басымдылығымен ауызша және жазбаша қарым-қатынасты жүзеге асыру;

- жоо-да алған «Биотехнология».төңірегіндегі білімін өздігінен тереңдету және шеберліктерін жетілдіру;

- күнделікті кәсіптік қызметте және магистратурада білімін жалғастыру үшін қажетті жаңадан білім алу дағдысын игеру.

5.2 Оқытылатын пәннің құзіреттілігі

Әр сабаққа аутентикалық мәтіндер, мәтін бойынша түрлі тапсырмалар, тақырып бойынша зерттеу жүргізу, грамматикалық тапсырмалар енгізілген. Курс материалы мақала жазу, шығарма, реферат, өтініш жазу үлгілерімен қоса, жаттығулар ұсынылған.

Курс материалы шетел тілін күнделікті сөйлесу барысында және кәсіптік қарым-қатынаста қолдана білу деңгейін дамытуға: лексикалық қорын дамыту, грамматикадан: ғылыми стильді оның ауызша және жазбаша формаларын есепке ала отырып меңгеруге, сөйлеуден: кәсіптік деңгейіне байланысты, қоғамдық-саяси мәндегі ауызша тілді меңгеру; аудармадан: екі тілді терминдік, түсіндірмелі сөздікпен жұмыс істей білу және екі тілде ауызша, жазбаша аудару дағдыларын жетілдіруге бағытталған.

5.3 Оқу пәнін оқыту жоспары

3 семестр

 

№ апталар	Тақырып атауы	Оқытуды ұйымдастырудың формалары мен сағаттар саны	БӨЖ арналған тапсырма және білімді бақылаудың формасы
Дәріс	Тәжірибе (семинар)	Зертханалық	Студиялық	БӨЖ
	Theme:Unit 1.Mass Media Grammar: The Infinitive						Read the text “Mass media” and summarize it. Speak about advantages and disadvantages of Mass Media. Do ex. 363-365on pp. 294-297. (Ю.Голицынский «Грамматика» Изд-во Каро Санкт-Петербург, 2009
	Theme:Unit 2.Human rights Grammar: The Infinitive Constructions						Read the text «What are economic, social and cultural rights» and summarize it. Do ex. 54.1-55.4 on pp. 108-111. (R.Murphy «English Grammar in Use» Cambridge University Press, 2010.
	Theme:Unit 3.Biology. Cytology Grammar: Gerund. Gerundial Constructions						Explain how biology refers to biotechnology, why biotechnologists should study biology.Create the project “Fantastic cells”orwrite an essay English grammar in use - Grammar-ex. 1-4 p. 481-483
	Theme:Unit IV.Embryology Grammar: Gerund. Gerundial Constructions						Giving and asking for opinions. Describe what embryology study Define the difference between physiology of plants and physiology animals. 20. Make a report: “What problems are animal and plant physiologists investigating now?” English grammar in use - Grammar-ex. 1-5 p. 484-489
	Theme: Unit V.Biochemistry Grammar: Non-finite forms of the verb Participle I						Read and discuss at Biological chemistry, Biochemical pathway s and processes. Make a report ex.16 English grammar in use – Gr-ex. 1-5 p. 484-489
	Theme:Unit VI. Biophysics. Grammar: Non-finite forms of the verb Participle II						Describe biology and physics Speak aboutthe branches of biophysics.Write an essay on the topic “Prospects of biophysics”. English grammar in use - Grammar-ex. 2-5 p. 463-468
	Theme: Physicochemical methods of analysis Grammar: Review: Infinitive Constructions: Complex Object and Complex Subject.						Discuss what the physicochemical methods of analysis are; what kinds of physicochemical methods you know; what the basis of physicochemical methods of analysis is.Make the presentation ex.16 Use en.wikipedia.org source and prepare a short summary of the information. Do ex.113-115 on pp.227-231. (R.Murphy «English Grammar in Use» Cambridge University Press, 2010.
	Theme:Unit VIII.Immunology Grammar: Conjunctions						Explain how DNA is folded in a chromosome, describe the structure and function of centromeres, speak about the role of telomeres.Creative composition ex.18 Do ex.116-120 on pp.232-241. (R.Murphy «English Grammar in Use» Cambridge University Press, 2010.
	Theme: Unit IX. ADIS/HIV Grammar: Prepositions						Define the Basic things about AIDS and HIV. Create presentation ex.17 English grammar in use - Grammar-ex p. 471-476
	Theme:Unit X. Microbiology Grammar: If and wish						Explain what Microbiology study. Create a presentation ex.19 Do ex. 396-411 on pp.325-337. Ю.Голицынский «Грамматика» Изд-во Каро Санкт-Петербург, 2009
	Theme: Unit XI. Virology Grammar: Pronouns.						Explain the major branch of virology.Write a creative composition “If viruses take over the world...”. Do ex. 56.1-53.456.1-58.4 on pp. 113-117 (R.Murphy «English Grammar in Use» Cambridge University Press, 2010.
	Theme:Unit XII. Biotechnology Grammar: Linking verbs.						Explain what the term ‘biotechnology’ consists of.Discuss atMedical biotechnology. Summarize the text Use en.wikipedia.org source and prepare a short summary of the information. Do ex. 39.1-39. on pp. 78-79(R.Murphy «English Grammar in Use» Cambridge University Press, 2010.
	Theme: Unit XIII. Genetic Engineering Grammar: Compound nouns/ Noun phrases.						Describe Genetic Create the project “Genetically modified food Engineering ex.22: Do ex. 40.1-40.4 on pp. 80-81(R.Murphy «English Grammar in Use» Cambridge University Press, 2010
	Theme: Unit XIV. Stem cells Grammar: Subordinate clauses						Explain what a “stem cell” means, how stem cell is used in treatment of different diseases Make a report ex.21 English grammar in use - Grammar-ex p. 490-494
	Theme:Unit XV. Cloning Grammar: Phrasal verbs Revision						Speak about Cloning Do ex. 137-145on pp. 275-291(R.Murphy «English Grammar in Use» Cambridge University Press, 2010.
Итого

6. Пәннің оқу-әдістемелік қамтамасыз етілуі

№	Автор, атауы, шыққан жылы	Ақпарат көзі	Бары (дана)
Кітапханада	Кафедрада
Негізгі әдебиет
	Отызбаева К.Ж. УМКД по дисциплине «Профессионально-ориентированный Иностранный язык» для студентов 2 курса по специальности биология и биотехнология 2014г.	ОӘК	-	1 электрондық вариант
	Воеводина О.С., Нестерова О.Ю., Садыкова А.Р. English for biotechnologists and biologists: Английский язык для биотехнологов и биологов: Учеб. пособие. Ижевск: Изд-во «Удмуртский университет», 2012. – 375с.	интернет	-	1 электрондық вариант
	English Grammar in Use Intermediate. Raymond Murphy. Third edition Cambridge University Press, 2010	кітап		1 электрондық вариант
	Голицынский Ю.Б. Грамматика английского языка. Санкт Петербург, 2009 5. en.wikipedia.org	кітап		1 электрондық вариант
Қосымша әдебиет
	Oxford English Russian Dictionary for Biology	кітап		1 электрондық вариант
	English Collocations in Use Intermediate Michael McCarthy, Felicity O’Dell Cambridge University Press, 2005	кітап		1 электрондық вариант
	New English File Upper Intermediate Clive Oxenden, Christina Latham-Koenig. Oxford University Press, 2010	кітап		1 электрондық вариант
	Real Writing. Graham Palmer Cambridge University Press, 2009.	интернет	-
	Articles & Research Papers // http://iteslj.org/Articles/	интернет	-

 

7. Оқу нәтижелерін бағалау және бақылау

7.1 Бақылау түрлері (ағымдық, аралық)

Ағымдық бақылау семестр көлемінде аудиториялық сабақтарда ауысша және жазбаша түрлерінде жүзеге асырылады, БӨЖ орындау сапасы тексеріліп отырылады;

Аралық бақылау жазбаша бақылау жұмыс немесе тест жасау түрінде өтеді;

Қорытынды бақылау ауысша емтихан тұрінде жүргізіледі.

7.2 Бақылау формасы

Семестр көлемінде аудиториялық сабақтарда ағымдық бақылау, БӨЖ орындау сапасы; тест түріндеекі аралық бақылау, ауызша емтихан түрінде қорытынды аттестациялауды өткізу жоспарланады.

Ағымдық бақылау -20%

БӨЖ-ді бақылау -20%

Аралық бақылау:

тестілеу -20%

Қорытынды бақылау -40% дан кем емес

Білім алушылардың білімі, шеберлігі, дағдылары келесі жүйе бойынша бағаланады

 

Әріптік жүйе бойынша баға	Балдардың сандық эквиваленті	Пайыздық көрсеткіші	Дәстүрлі жүйе бойынша баға
А	4,0	95-100	Өте жақсы
А-	3,67	90-94
В+	3,33	85-89	жақсы
В	3,0	80-84
В-	2,67	75-79
С+	2,33	70-74	Қанағаттанарлық
С	2,0	65-69
С-	1,67	60-64
D+	1,33	55-59
D	1,0	50-54
F		0-49	Қанағаттанарлықсыз

 

8. Оқу пәнінің талаптары

«Кәсіби бағыттағы шетел тілі» «Биология», «Биотехнология» мамандыктарына міндетті пән. Оқу жүктемесінің көлемі 2 кредиттен тұрады, оның ішінде практикалық сағат - 30 сағат, БӨЖ - 60 сағат.

Пәннің талаптары: аудиториялық сабақтарға міндетті түрде қатысу, сұрақтарды талқылауға белсене қатысу, оқу-әдістемелік кешені және негізгі әдебиет бойынша практикалық сабақтарға алдын-ала дайындалу, БӨЖ тапсырмаларын сапалы және уақытында дайындау, бақылаудың барлық түрлеріне (ағымдық бақылау, БӨЖ-ді бақылау, аралық бақылау, қорытынды бақылау) міндетті қатысу.

ГЛОССАРИЙ

 

aerobe An organism which needs molecular oxygen for its metabolism.

agar A jelly-like substance obtained from seaweed (red algae) used to help solidify nutrient media for growing microorganisms.

anaerobe An organism which cannot grow if molecular oxygen is present; strict anaerobes are killed by oxygen, facultative anaerobes will grow if oxygen is present but can also grow if oxygen is absent.

antibiotic A chemical produced by microorganisms, such as bacteria and moulds that, in dilute solution, can kill or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms.

antibody A protein produced by B lymphocytes of the immune system. Antibodies are very specific and help defend the body against pathogens and foreign molecules by binding to antigens and bringing about their destruction.

antigen A molecule that is recognised and bound by a specific antibody.

apoptosis A kind of cellular self-destruction that demands energy and protein synthesis for its occurrence.

artificial selection The purposeful breeding of certain traits over others.

autotroph An organism that is able to synthesise the organic materials it requires from inorganic substances in its environment.

biotechnology The application of living organisms, or substances made from them, to make products of value to humans.

capsid The protein coat of a virus.

cell A very small unit of living matter.

cell culture Growing cells or tissues in a laboratory, or on an appropriate nutrient medium.

chemoautotroph An organism which uses carbon dioxide as its sole source of carbon and inorganic chemicals as its source of energy.

chitin A tough resistant polysaccharide which is a component of some fungal cell walls.

class The second highest group into which animals and plants are divided, below a Phylum and including several orders.

clone A group of genetically identical organisms or cells which are all descended asexually from the same individual.

coccus (plural cocci) A sphere-shaped bacterium.

dry Without moisture.

environment The natural conditions, eg land, air and water, in which people, animals and plants live.

eukaryotic Cells containing a true nucleus, with a nuclear membrane and membrane-bound organelles.

evolution The scientific theory according to which types of animals and plants change gradually over long periods of time through a process known as natural selection to become better adapted to their environment.

family A group of related animals, plants, etc.

fermentation The extraction of energy from organic products without the involvement of oxygen. Or The use of microorganisms or enzymes extracted from microorganisms to carry out a wide variety of chemical reactions, which may or may not be anaerobic.

flagellum (plural flagella) A fine, long, whip-like organelle which protrudes from the cell surface. Used in locomotion and feeding they are common in some protoctista where they have a 9+2 arrangement of microtubules in cross section. They are also found as thread-like organelles in some bacteria, also used in locomotion, they have a much simpler structure in prokaryotes, being a rigid hollow cylinder of protein with a rotating base which propels the cell along.

fungi A kingdom of eukaryotic, mainly multicellular organisms which lack chlorophyll.

gene A length of DNA which codes for the production of a particular protein.

genetic engineering The application of methods using recombinant DNA to give new genetic traits to an organism by introducing new genes into its cells.

genome The complete set of genes present in an organism.

genus (plural genera) A group of animals or plants within a family, often itself divided into several species.

grow 1 to increase in size or quantity; to become greater; 2 to develop into a mature or an adult form.

growth The process of growing; development.

heterotrophy An organism which requires organic compounds as its carbon and energy source.

host An animal or a plant on which another animal or plant lives.

hypothesis (plural hypotheses) An idea or a suggestion that is based on known facts and is used as a basis for reasoning or further investigation.

immunization A process rendering a host immunity to a disease.

in vitro Latin for ‘in glass’. This term refers to biological processes carried out outside a living organism, for example, in a test tube.

inoculation The transfer of microorganisms from one source to another, e.g. transferring bacteria from a broth culture on to a sterile agar plate, or from a starter culture into a fermenter containing sterile medium.

interferons A group of proteins which are active in the immune system. They fight viral infections and stimulate the cell-killing abilities of some immune cells. They are being tested for use in cancer therapy and in the treatment of AIDS and other viral diseases.

UNIT 1

Theme: MassMedia

Grammar: Infinitive: infinitive constructions

Objectives: By the end of this unit, students should be able to use active vocabulary of this theme in different forms of speech exercises.

Students should be better at discussing mass media.

Students should know the rule of non-finite form of the verb: the Infinitive and fulfill grammar exercises.

Methodical instructions: This theme must be worked out during two lessons a week according to timetable.

Lexical material: Introduce and fix new vocabulary on theme “Mass Media”.

Define the basic styles in mass media and its role in our country. Discuss in groups ‘Mass media in democratic society’. Observe the last world news. Speak about the rights of journalists.

Grammar: Introduce and practice the non-finite form of the verb: the Infinitive. Revise the use of modal verbs, construction ‘to be going to’, and Future Simple.

Ex. 1. Answer the questions:

1. What kinds of mass media do you know?
2. What was the earliest kind of mass media?
3. Why is the television so exciting?
4. What is the reason for widespread use of radios?
5. What advantages do newspapers have over the other kinds of mass media?
6. What is the difference between a newspaper and a magazine?

 

Mass Media

 

No doubt, is an important part of our life. People from different walks of life have become nowadays listeners, readers, viewers or in other words, reading newspapers and magazines, watching TV, listening to the news on the radio are our main means of getting information in all its variety. Newspapers with their enormous circulation report different kinds of news. They carry articles which cover the latest international and national events. Now people buy newspapers also for the radio and TV programmes which they publish. There are special newspapers which gave a full coverage of commercial, financial and public affairs. There are newspapers and magazines for young people. They give a wide coverage of news, events and reports on education, sports, cultural life, entertainment, fashion. There are a lot of advertising programmes now, sensation material, too. They represent the views of today’s youth. Radio broadcasts are valued mainly for their music programmes (Europa plus). TV, radio, press reflect the present day life. Their information may vary from social and economic crises, conflicts, wars, disasters, earthquakes, to diplomatic visits, negotiations, from terrorism, corruption, to pollution problems, strikes, social movements. Much information is published concerning official governmental decisions. TV is the most popular kind of mass media now. Viewers are fond of watching variety show, films, sports, plays, games, educational and cultural programmes. We have many different channels, including commercial channels. There are many interesting and exciting programmes, but at the same time too often very primitive films are televised. I mean horror films, thrillers, detective films with all their cool-blooded atmosphere of violence and endless crimes and murders.

Mass media are one of the most characteristic features of modern civilization. People are united into one global community with the help of mass media. People can learn about what is happening in the world very fast using mass media. The mass media include newspapers, magazines, radio and television.

The earliest kind of mass media was newspaper. The first newspaper was Roman handwritten newssheet called "ActaDiurna" started in 59 B.C. Magazines appeared in 1700's. They developed from newspapers and booksellers' catalogs. Radio and TV appeared only in this century.

The most exciting and entertaining kind of mass media is television. It brings moving pictures and sounds directly to people's homes. So one can see events in faraway places just sitting in his or her chair.

Radio is widespread for its portability. It means that radios can easily be carried around. People like listening to the radio on the beach or picnic, while driving a car or just walking down the street. The main kind of radio entertainment is music.

Newspapers can present and comment on the news in much detail in comparison to radio and TV newscasts. Newspapers can cover much more events and news.
Magazines do not focus on daily, rapidly changing events. They provide more profound analysis of events of proceeding week. Magazines are designed to be kept for a longer time so they have cover and binding and are printed on better paper.

Vocabulary:

1. aerial - антенна

2. advertising - рекламирование

3. article – статья

4. broadcast – вещать, вещание

5. violence – насилие

6. portability – портативность

7. editor -редактор

Ex.4 A) Read the news. The words written in bald have few meanings. How do you think, what is their meaning in these sentences?

 

euronews Chile’s minister of Mines has been in touch with trapped miners by telephone, through a narrow shaft piercing the 700 meters of rock straight down. The leader underground said the men were well, and they cheered and sang the national anthem.	Rock- 1) (n) the hard substance which the Earth is made of. 2) (n) a small piece of rock that had broken away from a mountain or a cliff. 3) (n) loud music with a strong beat that is played using instruments including electric guitars and drums.
euronews Drilling to begin on shaft to rescue trapped miners. A new video of Chile’s trapped miners has beenbroadcast showing the 33 men, sending greetings to their families.	Trap- 1) (n) a device for catching animals. 2) (v) to trick you so that you do or say something which you did not want to. 3) (v) when something falls onto you or blocks your way, preventing you from moving.
euronews In Chile four survivors of a plane crash in the Ands Mountains 38 years ago have arrived at the mine where 33 miners have been trapped. They met with the families to offer them encouragement and support for the ordeal ahead.	Survive – 1) (v) not to die 2) (v) to manage to continue in spite of the difficult circumstances 3) (v) (to survive someone) – to continue to live after they have died
euronews The 33 trapped Chilean miners were able to communicate with their loved ones on Saturday (September 4) through a video teleconference system. Silvia Segovia, whose brother is among the trapped miners, said that she was happy her brother seemed to be in good condition	Communicate – 1) (v) (with someone) - to give them information 2) (v) to talk to each other 3) (v) to make someone aware of idea or feeling to them.
euronews Thirty-three trapped Chilean miners were able to watch the Chilean national squad’s friendly against the Ukraine over a fiberoptic line	Squad- 1) (n) a section of a police force that is responsible for dealing with a particular type of crime 2) (n) group of players from which a sports team will be chosen 3) (n) a small group of soldiers.
euronews The arrivalof Esperanza, a baby girl at the Copiapo maternity clinic has, quite literally, given hope to one of the 33 trapped miners in Chile.	Arrival - 1) (n) your arriving at a place is the act of arriving there. 2) (n)beginning to exist or become available 3) (n) someone who just arrived at a place.
euronews Rescue workers in Chile could be just a day away from reaching 33 trapped miners. A drill known as Plan B is said to be less than 100 meters from the men.	Drill - 1) (n) a tool for making holes 2) (v) to make a hole using a drill 3) (n) a procedure which a group of people especially soldiers, practice so they can do something quickly and efficiently.
euronews The operation to rescue the 33 trapped miners in Chile has begun successfully. Florencio Avalos was the first to be pulled out of the San Jose mine, shortly after midnight local time. Mario Sepulveda followed him to the surface about an hour later. The third miner, Juan Illanes has just reached the surface.	Mine - 1) (pron.) The first person singular possessive pronoun. 2) (n) a place where deep holes or tunnels are dug under the ground in order to extract minerals. 3) (n) A bomb hidden in the ground or in water which explodes when something touches it.
euronews The operation to rescue the trapped miners in Chile has been a complete success. All 33 men have reached the surface safely. The rescue team has also made the trip to the surface. The last man to leave was the first who went down to the miners, Manuel Gonzalez.	Surface - 1) (n) – the top part of something or the outside of it. 2) (n) The surface of the situation is what can be seen easily rather than what is not immediately obvious. 3) (v) to come up to the surface of the water.

B) Answer the questions:

Who are the heroes of the news? What happened to the miners? How do you think, what has left behind the official news?

C) Pairwork. Do tasks and act out your story in front of your classmates:

- Make up a dialogue about a story with the trapped miners. Imagine that you are:

a) a miner that was trapped under the ground;

b) a miner’s wife;

c) a rescuer.

- What would you feel and how would you act?

Grammar: Infinitive

Infinitives /Form

	Infinitive	Examples
Active	to see	I hope to see you again. He promised not to see the girl.
Passive	to be seen	Such disgusting scenes are not to be seen here.

 

Form

- The infinitive is the form of the verb NOT changed for person, number or tense. It is usually introduced with to.

- The negative is formed by putting not before the infinitive.

Usage

The to-infinitive is used	Examples
1. as subject.	To find fault is easy.
2. as object.	He refused to pay the bill.
3. after a noun.	There is a lot of work to do/to be done today.
4. after an adjective.	She was happy to win the prize.
5. after a question word.	I don’t know what to do.
6. after the verb to be.	She is to see her class teacher after school.
7. after certain verbs.	He wants to become a lawyer.
8. after too/enough constructions.	He has got enough money to live on.
9. with only to express disappointment.	She came in only to find her boyfriend had left.
10. in expressions: to begin with/be honest	To tell the truth, I don’t like him.

 

GEORGE

1. How old is he?

a) 13 b) 14 c) 15

2. What does he do?

a) He works b) He plays the guitar c) He dances

3. What was his goal in the first audition?

a) To achieve a better life for his family b) To become famous c) For fun

4. How did he do in his first audition?

a) He did well b) He did bad c) He did awful

5. What does he have now in his second audition?

a) More friends b) Bigger and better moves c) Bigger and better mood

6. Where does he dance to get better?

a) At home b) In the streets of Manchester c) At school

7. What does he look now?

a) Much taller b) Much fatter c) Much better

8. What did he do last summer?

A) He trained harder and “got bigger and better” b) He played Hide and Seek c) He practiced a little

AIDAN

9. Did he take dance classes?

a)Yes b) He didn’t say c) No

10. Where does he practice?

a) In his house/in his room b) In a friend’s house c) In the streets of London

11. How old is he?

a) 11 b) 10 c) 9

12. Why did he enter the competition?

a) He just likes dancing b) To make money c) To make new friends

 

Grammar

Take “Oxford Practice Grammar, George Yule, Oxford University Press, 2006”, p. 139-144

 

SIW tasks

Read the text “Mass media” and summarize it. Speak about advantages and disadvantages of Mass Media. Do ex. 363-365on pp. 294-297. (Ю.Голицынский «Грамматика» Изд-во Каро Санкт-Петербург, 2009

 

UNIT 2

Theme: Human rights

Who is responsible?

States – national governments – bear the primary responsibility for making human rights a reality. Governments must respect peoples' rights – they must not violate these rights. They must protect peoples' rights – ensuring that other people or bodies do not abuse these rights. And they must fulfil peoples' rights, making them a reality in practice.

Governments have widely differing resources. International law allows for the fact that making economic, social and cultural rights a reality can only be achieved progressively over time. However, the duty of governments to respect and protect these rights and to ensure freedom from discrimination is immediate. Lack of resources is no excuse.

Although governments may need time to realize economic, social and cultural rights, this does not mean they can do nothing – they have to take steps towards fulfilling them. As an initial step, they must prioritise "minimum core obligations" – minimum essential levels of each of the rights. Under the right to education, for example, core obligations include the right to free primary education.

Governments must not discriminate in their laws, policies or practices and must prioritize the most vulnerable when allocating resources. States also have obligations when they act beyond their borders to respect, protect and fulfill economic, social and cultural rights. These obligations extend to action they take through intergovernmental organizations such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF).

As stated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, "every organ of society" has human rights responsibilities. Corporations play an increasingly significant role globally in the realization or denial of human rights. Amnesty International is committed to holding businesses accountable where their actions result in human rights violations.

Despite international guarantees of these rights, across the world: 923 million people were suffering from chronic hunger. Hunger is often driven by human rights violations, as Amnesty International has documented in North Korea, Zimbabwe and elsewhere. The current world food crisis, which itself has been fuelled by human rights violations, has led to an additional 75 million people being chronically malnutrition.

Over a billion people live in 'slums' or informal settlements, with one in every three city residents living in inadequate housing with no or few basic services. Their situation is worsened by a global epidemic of mass forced evictions.

Every minute, another woman dies because of problems related to pregnancy. For every woman who dies, 20 or more experience serious complications. Over 100 million children (more than half of whom are girls) do not have access even to primary education.

Vocabulary

1. Democracy – демократия.

2. Community – сообщество

3. Convention –конвенция, соглашение

4. Civil and Political Rights –гражданские и политические права

5. Xenophobia - ксенофобия, боязнь иностранцев

6. Creed – вера

Ex.1. Discuss:

1. What does it mean to be fully human? How is that different from just "being alive" or "surviving"?

2. Based on this list, what do people need to live in dignity?

3. Are all human beings essentially equal? What is the value of human differences?

4. Can any of our "essential" human qualities be taken from us? For example, only

5. human beings can communicate with complex language; are you human if you lose the power of speech?

6. What happens when a person or government attempts to deprive someone of something that is necessary to human dignity?

7. What would happen if you had to give up one of these human necessities?

 

Ex. 8.

A) Make a list of rights that women of the 19th century didn’t have but now they do. Discuss them with whole group.

B) Game ‘Guess’. On separate sheets of paper write some of those rights and fix them on the backs of students so that the owners of sheets not to see what is written there. Group can walk around the class to read each others sheets. Then students have to explain each other what right is on their backs.

Note: Students are not allowed to use words written on the sheets, they can do explanation with help of synonyms/ antonyms.

Practice: Отызбаева К.Ж. УМКД по дисциплине «Профессионально-ориентированный Иностранный язык» для студентов 2 курса по специальности биология и биотехнология 2014г.

Grammar

Take “Oxford Practice Grammar, George Yule, Oxford University Press, 2006”, p. 139-144

 

SIW tasks

Read the text “Crimes at the Sea” and do ex. 1-3 on p. 146 (400 must have words for to TOEFL, Lynn Stafford Yilmaz, Lawrence Zwier, The McGraw Hill Company, 2005)

 

 

UNIT 3

Theme: Biology

Biology

How does biology refer to biotechnology?

Why should biotechnologists study biology?

The Science of Life

How can there be seedless grapes, and how do they reproduce? Why is carbon monoxide extremely poisonous? Why can`t you tickle yourself? What causes the smell after rain? How do vitamins work? What`s all this fuss about stem cells? What`s make us yawn? Why are frogs growing extra legs out of their legs? Which came first, the chicken or the egg?

 

Biology is the study of living things and their vital processes. Because biology covers such a broad area, it has been traditional to separate the study of plants (botany) from that of animals (zoology), and the study of structure of organisms (morphology) from

that of function (physiology). Despite their apparent differences, all the subdivisions are interrelated by basic principles, so current practice investigate those biological phenomena that all living things have in common. The advancement of knowledge and technology has resulted in further categorizations that include cell biology, population biology, ecology, genetics, biochemistry, molecular biology, microbiology, physical anthropology, etc.

The foundations of modern biology include four components: cell theory; that life is made of fundamental units called cells; evolution, that life is not deliberately designed by rather evolves incrementally through random mutations and natural selection; gene theory, that tiny molecular sequences of DNA dictate the entire structure of an organism and are passed from parents to offspring; and homeostasis, that each organism’s body includes a complex suite of processes designed to preserve its biochemistry from the entropic effects of the external environment.

It is not known when the study of biology originated, but it can be safely assumed that early humanoids had some experimental knowledge of the animals and plants around them. One's very survival relied on the recognition of poisonous plants and on

the basic understanding of the habits of predators. Many of the earliest records of biology come from the bas-reliefs left behind by the Assyrians and Babylonians. There is growing evidence from China and India as early as 2500 BC that there were general practices of therapeutic healing, silkworm use to produce silk, biological control of crops, and agricultural cultivation.

With the arrival of Greek civilization, the study of biology shifted dramatically to a belief that every event has a cause and that a particular cause produces a particular effect. These philosophers of science assumed the existence of a natural law governing the universe. Although they established the science of biology, their greatest contribution to science was the idea of rational thought.

The basic picture in biology has stayed roughly the same since DNA was first imaged using x-ray crystallography in the 1950s, although there are constant refinements to the details, and life is so complex that it could be centuries or even millennia before

we begin to understand it in its entirety. But it should be made clear that we are moving towards complete understanding: life, while complex, consists of a finite amount of complexity that only appreciably increases on relatively long timescales of hundreds of thousands or millions of years. Evolution, while creative, operates slowly.

In recent years, much excitement in biologyhas centered on the sequencing of genomes and their comparison, called genomics, and the creation of life with custom-written DNA programming, called synthetic biology. These fields are sure to continue grabbing the headlines in the near future.

Vocabulary

botany

cause

cell theory

complex

complex suite

consist of (v)

constant

contribution

dictate (v)

establish (v)

evolution

evolve (v)

finite amount

foundation

fundamental unit

gene theory

homeostasis

in common

morphology

natural selection

offspring

operate (v)

physiology

preserve (v)

recognition

refinement

rely on (v)

separate(v)

shift (v)

subdivision

survival

vital processes

x-ray crystallography

zoology

3. Give Russian equivalents:

A broad area, apparent differences, biological phenomena, the foundations of modern biology, random mutations, tiny molecular sequences of DNA, a complex suite of processes, early humanoids, poisonous plants, the habits of predators, growing evidence, therapeutic healing, every event has a cause, a natural law, greatest contribution, rational thought, constant refinements to the details, complete understanding, finite amount of complexity, sequencing of genomes, custom-written DNA programming.

Cytology as a science.

Cytology means "the study of cells". Cytology is that branch of life science, which deals with the study of cells in terms of structure, function and chemistry. Based on usage it can refer to cell biology.

Cell biology is a scientific discipline that studies cells – their physiological properties, their structure, the organelles they contain, interactions with their environment, their life cycle, division and death. This is done both on a microscopic and molecular level. Cell biology research encompasses both the great diversity of single-celled organisms like bacteria, as well as the many specialized cells in multicellular organisms such as humans.

The cell is the functional basic unit of life discovered by Robert Hooke. It is the smallest unit of life that is classified as a living thing, and is often called the building block of life. Some organisms, such as most bacteria, are unicellular (consist of a single cell). Other organisms, such as humans, are multicellular. Humans have about 100 trillion cells; a typical cell size is 10 micrometersand a typical cell mass is 1 nanogram. The largest known cells are unfertilized ostrichegg cells, which weigh 3.3 pounds.

The cell theory, first developed in 1839 by Matthias JakobSchleiden and Theodor Schwann, states that all organisms are composed of one or more cells, that all cells come from preexisting cells, and that all cells contain the hereditary information necessary for regulating cell functions and for transmitting information to the next generation of cells.

The word cell comes from the Latin cellula, meaning, a small room. Robert Hooke coined the descriptive term for the smallest living biological structure in a book he published in 1665 when he compared the cork cells he saw through his microscope to the small rooms monks lived in.

The cell consists of different proteins. Each type of protein is usually sent to a particular part of the cell. Most proteins are synthesized by ribosomes in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. This process is known as protein biosynthesis.

Appreciating the similarities and differences between cell types is particularly important to cell and molecular biology as well as to biomedical fields such as cancer research and developmental biology. Therefore, research in cell biology is closely related to genetics, biochemistry, molecular biology, immunology and developmental biology.

Grammar

Take “Oxford Practice Grammar, George Yule, Oxford University Press, 2006”, p. 139-144

SIW tasks

Explain how biology refers to biotechnology, why biotechnologists should study biology.Create the project “Fantastic cells”orwrite an essay. English grammar in use - Grammar-ex. 1-4 p. 481-483

UNIT 4

Theme: Embryology

Embryology

What does embryology study? How is an embryo developing? What is a zygote?

Vocabulary

accuracy

accurate

application

bear (v)

complexity

concern (v)

developmental biology

doubt (v)

egg

embryo

embryologist

embryology

examine (v)

fertilization

fetal stage

field

formation

growth

implantation

in vitro

legislation

microscope

observe (v)

occur (v)

pregnancy

progenitor

reach (v)

regard

resemblance

sperm

theory of epigenesist

theory of preformation

tool

track (v)

vivisection

Usage

The gerund is used	Examples
1. as a noun – subject/ object.	Reading is fun. Your car needs washing.
2. after prepositions.	The child is fond of playing chess.
3. after certain verbs: spend, waste, avoid …	He spends his free time digging the garden.
4. after possessive adjectives/ noun+’s.	Do you mind my joining you on the trip?
5. after go + verb–ing (activities)	Let’s go shopping/ swimming/ camping.
6. after be busy/ worth.	He is busy doing exercise. It is worth seeing.
7. after certain phrases: look forward to/ devoted to/ objected to/ consent to/ used to/ accustomed to…	I look forward to seeing you soon. I am not used to going to bed late. He objected to pulling down the old house.
8. after certain expressions: It’s no use/good…There’s no/no point in.. It’s a waste of time/money… have difficulty(in) /can’t help as/ like/ than	It is no use crying over spilt milk. There is no joking about this matter. It is a waste of time playing online games. I can’t help laughing. It was like being in the desert - so quiet!

9. Choose the correct form (infinitive with or without to or gerund).

1. They were all able ---- (read) English well after just a few months in London.

2. They seem ---- (have earned) a lot of money from all their baby-sitting.

3. Stop ---- (interrupt) your father all the time, let him speak!

4. He refused ---- (wear) a tie, even at exams.

5. Yes, I loathe ---- (be asked) the same tricky questions over and over again, especially by you.

6. We were quite proud of ---- (be able) to wrap this present so neatly.

7. Don’t you hate ---- (see) people sitting about doing nothing when you are working?

8. She prevented me from ---- (see) this hilarious play and we watched a boring film at home.

9. I have seen so many marriages ---- (go) wrong lately that I advise you to think twice before proposing to her.

10. He was asked to apologize for ---- (smoke) in the non-smoking area.

11. It is not my fault. I didn’t look. I couldn’t manage ---- (avoid) the oncoming car.

12. He didn’t say a word when he left. I simply watched him ---- (go).

13. What a shame, I saw a man ---- (collapse) in the middle of the street and nobody stopped to help him.

14. Who taught you ---- (write) so legibly, I wish I could write as well as you!

15. He appeared ---- (be) in love with his former wife although he rejected the idea totally.

A) Choose the correct option in each sentence.

e.g. My boss expects me to work overtime. (work, to work, working, worked)

1. I must ____________ more to keep fit. (exercise, to exercise, exercising, exercised)

2. I remember ____________ Sue last Sunday. (visit, to visit, visiting, visited)

3. The salesman seemed _____________ impatient. (get, to get, getting, got)

4. I really miss ____________ in the countryside. (live, to live, living, lived)

5. She was ____________ by the exhibition.(fascinate, to fascinate, fascinating, fascinated)

6. If you don’t stop ___________, you’ll kill yourself. (diet, to diet, dieting, dieted)

7. The boy ____________ a red T-shirt is my neighbour. (wear, to wear, wearing, worn)

8. The cup ____________ with orange juice is yours. (fill, to fill, filling, filled)

9. She is incapable of _____________ good decisions. (make, to make, making, made)

10. I can’t wait ____________ her again. (see, to see, seeing, seen)

 

B) Fill in the blanks with the correct form of verbs given.

e.g. I was afraid of hurting his feelings. (hurt)

1. After dinner, she continued ____________ her homework until late at night. (do)

2. Tom stopped ____________ up his washing on the way home. (pick)

3. Tell me your plan. I’m interested ____________ about it. (hear)

4. The ____________ drama has won several awards. (amaze)

5. Most of Hong Kong people don’t lik