International Humanitarian Association Medicins Sans

Frontieres (MSF). The first MSF-funded program to help Moscow's

homeless was launched in 1992 and was followed by a similar program

Vl< >si;i >VV s KAII.VVAV STATU IN CIIII.DRKN

-WORKING VVTIT I VOI ПИ VI RISK" series. Issue III

in Saint-Petersburg. These programs focus on providing medical and

social support to homeless people and creating favorable conditions

for their social rehabilitation.

The MSF model of assistance to the homeless was officially recognized

in Saint-Petersburg (May 1999) and Moscow (November

2003) and endorsed by the corresponding bodies of authority.

In 2003, based on its 12-year experience in providing medical and

social support in Moscow, MSF launched an assistance program for

homeless children and teenagers. The project was launched to bridge

the gap between the street children and the public.

Phone: [phone]

MSF DAYTIME CENTER

Daytime center lor homeless children opened by MSI" on

March 9, 2005 is located between Paveletskaya and Tulskaya subway

stations.

Normally the center is open for teenagers from 14-00 lill 20-00

.Monday to Friday but, when needed, it works on weekends too. The

center's working hours take into account the living habits of its target

audience who are normally asleep until noon. In accordance with the

timetable, the children's leisure time starts at 14-00 when they can

have their closing washed and pressed, take shower, have some tea.

play computer games, work out. etc. At 15-30. a member of the center's

staff organizes a "circle": all children get together and each

recalls how he/she has spent the day/night, sharing his expectations

about classes he is about to attend in the next two hours. Interactive

classes and athletic games are conducted by various members of the

center's staff and focus on healthy way of life, mental health and skills

useful in daily life. At 18-00, a second "circle" is held when the

teenagers are asked to briefly speak on the new things they have

learned during the classes and how this new knowledge could be used

in their daily life; they are also asked to express their views on the

future classes. From 18-30 till 20-00, the children have free time. The

center's multi-profile team assigns lop priority to personal work that

continues throughout the day; when in the center, the teenagers have

to visit a doctor, if they want (or subject to mutual agreement) they can

consult a psychologist and they can always ask for assistance from a

social worker.

Address: Moscow. Danilovskaya emb. 4-7

Phone:[phone]

RE

Rehabilitation Environment (RE). The rehabilitation environment

concept was devised and tested by the NAN Foundation in

199Г). Rehabilitation environment is a territorial network of institutions,

organizations, public initiatives involved in the search and

rehabilitation of teenagers who suffer from dangerous or adverse

social conditions.

The main objective of RE — ensuring the principles of uninterrupted

and unified approaches in the course of multi-profile assistance

to the teenager starting from the identification of any signs of his/her

inadaptability and until restoration of his/her adaptation capabilities.

The RF concept features legal, informational, organizational and

educational aspects.

Legal aspect: This aspect is the basis of the RF concept. Its

essence lies in the restoration of juvenile justice system in Russia, its

central figure being the juvenile judge ensuring legal protection of the

minors' rights. All existing and newly-created social organizations

responsible for preventive measures and protection of children's

rights can functionally rally around this key figure. This rally is exactly

what can create RF as an integrated complex functioning for the

benefit of the child.

The main goal of activities within the framework of the legal aspect

is implementing the basics and principles of juvenile law into the current

practice of law enforcement and human rights' protection, which

implies the development and implementation of legal and socio-psychological

technologies to address the problems facing the minors and

protect their rights.

90 MOSCOW'S RAILWAY STATION CHILDREN

"WORKING WIT 11 YOl "IT I AT RISK" series. Issue HI

Informational aspect: A part of the system enabling all RF participants

to take part in the overall rehabilitation process for Youth at

Risk. A common information support network will ensure that all

organizations, irrespectively of their affiliation, may come to terms;

common databases ensure swift response to arising problems and

make possible preparation of effective prevention programs based on

an analysis of available data.

Organizational aspect: Considers the interaction between all RE

participants (institutions, organizations and programs) within the territorial

and departmental management system.

The main goal of activities within the framework of the organizational

aspect is creating a functional module to ensure efficiency and

quality of the rehabilitation process with coordinated efforts ol all the

participants.

Educational aspect: Fnsures building a non-stop training system

for experts working within a specific territory and dissemination of

social technologies used in the work with Youth at Risk.

The model version of the RF concept was tested by the NAN

Foundation in one of Moscow's administrative districts. At present,

this program is being implemented by the Foundation's regional

branches.

Dissemination of existing experience will be ensured by a special

publication series comprising research, methodological and applied

publications designed to assist the process of social rehabilitation of

the minors at risk.

For a more detailed description of the RE concept (the monograph

titled Juvenile Technologies for Working with Youth at Risk)

and many other publications on this topic, see the NAN Foundation

website www.nan.ru (Publications).

Psyсhoactive substances

Psychoactive substances — chemical substances leading to effects

that are detrimental to mental health.

MOSCOW'S RAILWAY STATION CHILDREN 91
Neglected

Neglected children — minors without no parental control due to a

failure to perform (or improper performance) of duties relating to the

children's parenting, education and/or care on the part of their parents

or other lawful carers.

(In accordance with Article I of the federal law "On the Basics

oj the System for the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency and

Neglect dated June 24, 1999 (# / 20-1 "A).

Homeless

Homeless children - neglected children who have permanent

domicile and/or a place to live.

(In accordance with Article I of the federal law "On the Basics

of the System for the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency and

Neglect dated June 24, 1999 (# / 20-/'/).