Ex. 5. Put sentences negative as in a model.

MODEL: You must be home by 10 o’clock. You needn’t be (mustn't be) home by 10 o’clock. You can do it. You can't do it. He may smoke here. He may not smoke here.

 

1. I’ve got a terrible pain in my back. I must go and see a doctor. 2. You can borrow my camera if you want to. 3. He may be here at any moment. 4. They must work better to pass their exams. 5. My little niece Lizzie can already walk. 6. He may take any information available to make his report in time. 7. We can stay a bit longer.

 

Ex. 6. Make the following sentences interrogative according to the following model:

MODEL:

We must have deep knowledge of Anatomy and Physiology. Must we have deep knowledge of Anatomy and Physiology?

 

1. These students can continue their education. 2. The rest of the students can work as nurses. 3. Muscle names may also refer to the size of the muscle. 4. Certain factors may be mentioned as causes for perforation. 5. You must read clearly so that other students may understand you well.

 

Ex. 7. Familiarize yourself with the data of the following table:

EQUIVALENTS OF THE MODAL VERBS

MODAL VERB	EQUIVALENTS
	Present	Past	Future
can	to be able to
	am able to is able to are able to	was able to were able to	shall be able to will be able to
may	to be allowed to
	am allowed to is allowed to are allowed to	was allowed to were allowed to	shall be allowed to will be allowed to
must	to have to(треба)
	have to has to	had to	shall have to will have to
	to be to(повинен)
	am to is to are to	was to were to	shall be to will be to

Ex. 8. Read and translate the following sentences:

1. The physician is able to perform a physical examination. 2. The hospitals will be able to provide services for all medical needs. 3. Certain chemicals and viruses were able to play a great role. 4. The person has to avoid lack of sleep or excess alcohol. 5. The surgeon had to perform on the operation. 6. This nurse was able to care for the patients well. 7. The surgeon is allowed to complete the operation. 8. The student has to attend all the lectures regularly. 9. You are allowed to take your temperature. 10. Persons with heart diseases are not to work hard.

 

Ex. 9. Complete the sentences using modal verbs or their equivalents in proper tense forms.

1. They were talking quite loudly. I _ hear everything they said. 2. You’ll _ to go shopping later today. 3. You _ get a visa to visit the United States. 4. I _ stay in bed yesterday because I wasn’t very well. 5. Annie will _ do her home work tomorrow. 6. _ I invite you to the party? 7. You _ buy this medicine. 8. They will _ to come here later.

 

Ex. 10. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Містер Паркер – досить відомий фахівець, ви могли чути про нього раніше. 2. Мері повинна була краще підготуватися до іспиту. 3. Дзвенить дзвінок, ми можемо спізнитися. 4. Вона зможе допомогти вам купити усі необхідні ліки. 5. Ви повинні уважно вислухати усі скарги пацієнта. 6. Ви можете скористатися нашою базою даних. 7. Ці студенти зможуть бути присутніми (їм дозволили) на операції. 8. Ти можеш придбати бинт, вату та йод у будь-якій аптеці. 9. Ці ліки можуть викликати сонливість (drowsiness), нудоту. 11. Ці заходи зможуть попередити розвиток певних інфекційних захворювань.

READING AND DEVELOPING SPEAKING SKILLS

Ex. 11. Read VOCABULARY and memorize new words.

Ex. 12. Translate the following words and word-combinations into Ukrainian:

Dosage; overdosage; to dose; correct dose; side effect; harmful effect; unwanted effect; healthcare professionals; to indicate; indications; contraindications; to prescribe; prescription; nonprescription medicine; action; interaction; breast milk; breast feeding; safely; safety; safe; newborn child; unborn child.

Ex. 13. Read the following words and word-combinations:

Properly; bought; capsule, lozenge; syrup; suppository; powder; dosage; gel; expiration; pharmacist; receive; substance; allergic; unusual; moisture; pregnancy.

Ex. 14. Read the following text:

CHEMIST’S SHOP

The chemist's shop is one of the medical institutions. All medicines are ordered or bought at a chemist's shop. The state large chemist's shops as a rule have two departments. They are the hand department and prescription one. The medicines are kept in drug cabinets. It is important to store all medicines properly, because heat or moisture may cause the medicine to break down. At the chemist's shop we can buy tablets (lozenges), capsules, ointments, drops, syrups, suppositories, powders, topical solutions, creams, gels, and drugs for intramuscular and intravenous injections.

If you use an over-the-counter (non-prescription) medicine, follow the directions on the label. Every medicine has instruction for using where the indications, contraindications, dosage, side effects, expiration date and others are indicated.

Before a patient leaves the chemist's shop with a medicine, the pharmacist must be certain that he/she has the right medication, correct dose, and directions for use. The pharmacist also has to provide information about how the drug works and side effects and ensure that there are no contraindications to the medicine and no harmful drug-drug, drug-food, or drug-disease interactions. The pharmacist is usually the last healthcare professional to have contact with patients before they receive their medicines. He/She is the final step in a system of checks and balances designed to ensure that medicines are used safely and effectively. So, before you use any medicine, the pharmacist and the doctor have to know:

- if you have ever had an allergic or unusual reaction to any medicine, food, or other substances;

- if you are on a low-salt, low-sugar, or any other special diet;

- if you are pregnant or if you plan to become pregnant. Certain medicines may cause birth defects or other problems in the unborn child. The use of any medicine during pregnancy must be carefully considered;

- if you are breast feeding. Some medicines may pass into the breast milk and cause unwanted effects in the baby;

- if you have any medical problems;

- if you are now taking or have taken any medicines in the past few weeks. Don’t forget over-the-counter (non-prescription) medicines such as aspirin, laxatives, and antacids.

 

Ex. 15. Translate into English:

Зберігати медикаменти відповідним чином; рецептурний відділ; безрецептурний відділ; спричиняти небажаний ефект; мати алергію до медикаментів; внутрішньовенна ін’єкція; внутрішньом’язова ін’єкція; ефективно застосувати медикаменти; вказувати відповідне дозування; побічний ефект; медпрацівники; розчин для місцевого застосування; забезпечити відповідною інформацією.

Ex. 16. Arrange the words with opposite meaning into the pairs:

Harmful, indication, artificial feeding, final, correct, born, state-owned, breast feeding, incorrect, harmless, unborn, contraindication, private, primary.