Translate the sentences into Russian paying attention to modal verbs and their equivalents

1. I hope you will be able to do this yourself.
2. You may go away now; I’ll finish the work myself.
3. He was not allowed to enter the hall after the third bell.
4. As he received a bad mark he had to go over the material again.
5. You were to meet her at the station at 4 p. m.

Summarise the text

 

Unit 3

Read the text and answer these questions

1. Why do broadcasters make programmes in HD?

2. What will cause interference in a digital TV?

3. What is the future of HD?

 

The Era of High Definition TV

 

Broadcasting and television are now entering the era of High Definition (HD) – a transition as profound as the first introduction of television and the subsequent transition from black-and-white to colour television.

The benefits of HDTV can be summarized as follows:

High-definition television (HDTV) yields a better-quality image than standard television does, because it has a greater number of lines of resolution. The visual information is some 2-5 times sharper as the gaps between the scan lines are narrower or invisible to the naked eye. The larger the size of the television the HD picture is viewed on, the greater the improvement in picture quality. On smaller televisions there may be no noticeable improvement in picture quality.

Some disadvantages of HDTV should be also mentioned:

-Limitations to picture quality

In practice, the best possible HD quality is not usually achieved. The main problem is that many operators do not follow HDTV specifications fully. They may use lower bitrates or smaller resolution to pack more channels within the limited bandwidth, reducing video quality.

- Connector cables

Appropriate cabling must be used. Component video cables are RCA cables that are color coded for proper signal. They consist of three video cables (green, blue, and red), two audio cables (red and white), and they carry an analog signal. HDMI cables carry all the video and audio in one cable using a digital signal.

-Signal quality

Unlike in analog television broadcasting, in which interference causes only gradual image and sound degradation, interference in a digital television broadcast will freeze, skip, or display "garbage" information.

Nevertheless the future of high definition looks bright, not only because of broadcast television applications. There are many other consumer and entertainment options that will help to expand the market and make HD more commercially attractive. A selection of these applications includes:

• movie production;
• Digital Cinema – movie distribution and exhibition;
• high-definition DVDs for media and recording;
• Internet streaming and distribution;
• consumer home-movie making;
• medical applications;
• military and surveillance.

Some of the applications represented above will influence the evolution of broadcast television.

To conclude, the movie industry is pushing for higher resolutions both in acquisition and presentation. The technology is available now and consumer awareness of high definition is increasing.

 

Vocabulary

1. HDTV-High Definition TV - телевидение высокой точности, с высоким разрешением

2. profound -глубокий, основательный

3. transition -переход

4. to yield - производить

5. bitrates – скорость передачи двоичной информации

6. bandwidth – ширина ленты, полоса частоты

7. to skip - перескакивать

8. surveillance – надзор, наблюдение

9. downconverted-цифровой звуковой сигнал, преобразованный с понижением частоты

 

Vocabulary development

Match a verb and a noun to make word partners

Verb	Noun
1. to enter	a. HD specifications
2. to achieve	b. the market
3. to expand	c. the evolution
4. to influence	d. garbage information
5. to display	e. the era
6. to follow	f. HD quality