D. Generation Y, Yuppie, MySpace.

 

Вопрос 12.7. Определите основную идею текста.

a. The difference between generations of the past and today’s ones.

b. Generation Y’s addiction to the technological world.

c. Generation Y’s likes and dislikes

D. Generation Y’s way of life.

Задача 13. Employment in manufacturing industry

Factory owners have been adding jobs slowly but steadily since the beginning of the year, giving a lift to the fragile economic recovery. And because they laid off so many workers — more than two million since the end of 2007 — manufacturers now have a vast pool of people to choose from. Yet some of these employers complain that they cannot fill their openings. Plenty of people are applying for the jobs. The problem, the companies say, is a mismatch between the kind of skilled workers needed and the ranks of the unemployed.

 

Manufacturers who want to expand find that hiring is not always easy. During the recession, domestic manufacturers appear to have accelerated the long-term move toward greater automation, laying off more of their lowest-skilled workers and replacing them with cheaper labor abroad. Now they are looking to hire people who can operate sophisticated computerized machinery, follow complex blueprints and demonstrate higher math proficiency than was previously required of the typical assembly line worker. Makers of innovative products like advanced medical devices and wind turbines are among those growing quickly and looking to hire, and they too need higher skills. But the problem is the people that are out of work just don’t match the types of jobs that are here, open and growing.

 

A number of manufacturers say that even if demand surges, they will never bring back many of the lower-skilled jobs, and that training is not yet delivering the skilled employees they need. Employers say they are looking for aptitude as much as specific skills. They are trying to find people with the right mindset and intelligence. A significant portion of applicants fail tests and companies are disappointed by the quality of graduates from training programs.

 

Employers are worried that the skills shortage now will be exacerbated once baby boomers start retiring. About 30 percent of manufacturing workers will be eligible for retirement by 2016.

 

Вопрос 13.1. Определите, является ли утверждение:

There are a lot of applicants for manufacturers to choose from.

a. В тексте нет информации

b. Ложным

C. Истинным

Вопрос 13.2. Определите, является ли утверждение:

Employers try to hire cheap labor locally.

 

a. В тексте нет информации

B. Ложным

c. Истинным

Вопрос 13.3. Определите, является ли утверждение:

Manufacturers say they have retooled the way they make products, calling for higher-skilled employees.

 

A. В тексте нет информации

b. Ложным

c. Истинным

 

Вопрос 13.4. Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1,2,3,4) соответствует следующая идея:

Graduates have unsatisfactory skills and training.

a. 2

b. 1

c. 4

D. 3

 

Вопрос 13.5. Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1,2,3,4,5) соответствует следующая идея:

 

Most of baby boomers will retire by 2016.

a. 2

b. 1

C. 4

d. 3

 

 

Вопрос 13.6. Ответьте на вопрос

Why do some of the manufacturers complain that they cannot find workers for empty positions (vacancies)?

A. They need high-skilled workers who can perform sophisticated job.

b. Manufacturers constantly expand their production and there is a shortage of workers.

c. They laid off too many people in the past and now the workers do not want to work for them.

d. Most of manufacturers’ employees require early retirement.

 

Вопрос 13.7. Определите основную идею текста.

A. Employers find skills shortage in manufacturing industry.

b. Bright future for manufacturing industry.

c. Problems of training good specialists for manufacturing industry.

d. The move of manufacturing industry towards automation.