III.Перепишите письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, содержащие придаточные предложения условия.

1. We can deliver the machine in December if we receive your order within the next ten days.

2. If the prices of a particular commodity rise in the economy as a whole, the rise will naturally encourage producers to make more of that commodity.

3. Every producer is considered to be a monopolist if there is no perfect substitute for his product.

 

IV.Перепишите и письменно переведите абзацы текста.

 

Paper Money

Paper money comprises notes issued by a government or by a bank. These notes can be convertible on demand into an equivalent amount of standard metal (as were Bank of England notes until 1914). These notes may be inconvertible into standard metal as are the largest parts of all paper currencies today.

The value of money is its purchasing power in terms of the goods and services it can command in exchange for itself. It is just an aspect of the general level of prices. If twice as many commodities can be obtained for a given amount of money, the value of money has doubled and prices have fallen. If fewer commodities can be obtained for a given amount of money, the value of money has fallen and prices have risen.

So you see, the value of money varies inversely as the general level of prices, and changes in the general level of prices coincide with inverse changes in the value of money.

Changes in the value of money are measured by changes in the general price level.

To obtain a fairly reliable indication of changes in the value of money, a group of representative commodities in regular and constant use is taken and the average of the commodities in one year-the base year-are compared with their prices in another year. This is the system of Price Index Numbers.

Those index numbers which are based on the cost of living and are an integral part of retail measure changes in the cost of living, taking into consideration tent, food, clothing, light and other items.

 

 

Контрольная работа № 3

Вариант 3

I.Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык. Помните, что объектный и субъектный инфинитивные обороты соответствуют придаточным предложениям:

1.This country is known to be one of the first states to begin using atomic energy for industrial purposes.

2.I believe them to have accumulated money and invested them in profitable projects.

3.These operations seem likely to give a high profit on the original investments.

 

 

II. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Обратите внимание на перевод зависимого и независимого (самостоятельного) причастных оборотов:

1.The goods having been unloaded, the workers left the port.

2. The general concept of the Code having been examined by the Finance Ministry, the Cabinet of Ministers authorized the country’s main financial department to finish up the Code within a month time.

3. The Tax Code proposes abolishing a number of privileges, including those concerning investment.

 

III.Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, содержащие придаточные предложения условия.

1.What if the bank that had served this project would have gone bankrupt?

2.As for banks, the city will not give any guarantees if the program is not served by the Municipal Bank.

3.If a tax inspector found a violation somewhere, he would not demand a fine, but would inform the tax bodies about it.

 

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст на русский язык.

 

ECONOMIC SYSTEMS

People and societies organize economic life to deal with the basic problems raised by scarcity and opportunity costs through economic systems. An economic system can be described as the collection of institutions, laws, activities, controlling values, and human motivations that collectively provide a framework for economic decision-making.

There are three basic approaches to economic decisions about resource allocation. One is based on tradition – that is, people generally repeat the decisions made at an earlier time or by an earlier generation. A second is based on command – that is, decisions are made largely by an authority such as a feudal lord or a government planning agency. The third is based on market price.

A market economy is a system of decentralized decision making in which individuals and business firms participate in the market through decisions that are reflected in supply and demand.

Market prices – and changes in them – act as signals to producers telling them what buyers want. Market prices also act as rationing devices by allocating productive resources and finished goods and services among members of a society according to what buyers are willing and able to pay.

 

Контрольная работа № 3

Вариант № 4