Continuous / Progressive Tenses

A Your Personality

G r a m m a r s t u d y

Формы глагола

(Regular and Irregular Verbs)

I	II	III	IV
Infinitive	Past Simple	Participle II -анный/-янный	Participle I -ущ/-ющ/-ащ/-ящ
что делать?	что делал?	какой?
to be to do to get to have to go look	was / were did got had went looked	been done got had gone looked	be do gett hav go look	ing

A smiling girl greeting everybody came into the room.

Having smiled she came into the room.

Причастие I в функции определения:

1. Convert these verbs into Participle I form, translate them & phrases given below:

a) (to) ask, (to) meet, (to) get, (to) stop, (to) report, (to) help, (to) do, (to) study, (to) teach, to take, (to) command, to go.

b) a speaking teacher, talking men, a swimming dog, playing children, a leaving train, a writing student, a smiling girl, flying gees.

Причастие I в функции обстоятельства:

(When) answering the teacher’s questions, he made some mistakes.

Отвечая (когда он отвечал) на вопросы учителя, он сделал несколько ошибок.

2. Translate sentences into Russian paying attention to the functions of Participle I:

1. The reading girl is my friend’s sister. 2. The man writing on the blackboard is our teacher of English. 3. Smiling she came into the room. 4. The highway running through our village is wide. 5. Those small playing children don’t go to school. 6. The students speaking English now know it rather well. 7. The retreating enemy units crossed the river north of that hill. 8. Having done his work he went home.

To be going to do something

(a) Мы используем to be going to do something, когда говорим о наших планах на будущее и о том, что мы уже решили сделать:

- I'm going to do my laundry next Monday.

- When are you going to buy me new shoes?

- John is not going to tell her anything about it.

(b) Мы используем present continuous (I am doing), когда говорим о предварительной договоренности, например, о встрече.

(c) Мы используем was/were going to do, чтобы сказать о том, что мы собирались делать в прошлом (но не сделали):

- I was going to return your book today but left it at home.

- They were going to swim, but the weather was too cold.

(d) Мы также употребляем to be going to do something, если в описываемой ситуации присутствует нечто (человек идет прямо к яме) такое, что дает уверенность говорящему в том, что произойдет именно то, о чем он говорит: He is going to fall into the hole. ( Этот человек не видит, куда он идёт. Сейчас перед ним находится яма.)

- It's going to be another warm day.

Impersonal Sentences

7. Answer according to the pattern & translate into Russian:

A.. When is it often cold? (winter)

- It’s often cold in winter.

1. When is it often warm? (spring)

2. When is it often hot? (August)

3. When is it often windy? (autumn)

4. When is it often muddy? (November)

B. When does it often rain? (autumn)

- It often rain s in autumn. /

1. When does it often snow? (winter)

2. When does it often freeze? (January)

3. When does it often thaw [θɔː] (таять)? (April)

4. When does it sometimes hail (град)? (summer)

5. When does it often drizzle (моросить)? (October)

Change the sentences according to the pattern.

There was a lot of sun in the afternoon.

It was sunny in the afternoon.

1. There was a heavy frost last night.

2. There was a sharp wind yesterday.

3. There were many clouds in the sky in the morning.

4. There is a chill in the air today.

5. There was much rain last summer.

6. There is much dust on the road.

7. There was thick fog on Monday.

8. There is much mud in the street.

Prepositions of Time

at	in
at that time at five o’ clock at half past 3 at a quarter to 6	in January in February in June in July in October	in the morning in the afternoon in autumn in 1812 in the spring: of 1945
on	from … till
on Sunday on Monday on May 9, 2012	from 1 till 3 from morning till night

Remember:

by 3 o’clock - к 3 часам

for 2 days - в течение двух дней

in a day - через день

after lectures - после лекций

since yesterday - со вчерашнего дня

CARDINAL NUMERALS

1 – 12	13 – 19	20 – 90	100 и более
1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 fire 6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve	13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 nineteen	20 twenty 30 thirty 40 forty 50 fifty 60 sixty 70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety	100 a (one) hundred 200 two hundred 1.000 a (one) thousand

ORDINAL NUMERALS

1 – 12-й	13 – 19-й	20 – 90-й	100-й и более
(the) first(1 st) (the) second (2 nd) (the) third (3 rd) (the) fourth (4 th) (the) fifth (5 th) (the) sixth (6 th) (the) seventh (7 th) (the) eighth (8 th) (the) ninth (9 th) (the) tenth (10 th) (the) eleventh (11 th) (the) twelfth (12 th)	(the) thirteenth (13 th) (the) fourteenth (14 th) (the) fifteenth (15 th) (the) sixteenth (16 th) (the) seventeenth (17 th) (the) eighteenth (18 th) (the) nineteenth (19 th	(the) twentieth (20 th) (the) thirtieth (30 th) (the) fortieth (40 th) (the) fiftieth (50 th) (the) sixtieth (60 th) (the) seventieth (70 th) (the) eightieth (80 th) (the) ninetieth (90 th) (the) twenty first	(the) one hundredth (100 th) (the) two hundredth (200 th) (the) one thousandth (1.000 th)

9. Translate the following word - combinations:

в феврале, в марте 2005, в две тысячи двенадцатом году, летом, зимой 1993, осенью, в июне, 22-го мая, 15-го августа, весной, прошлой зимой, в две тысячи первом году, весной 1945, летом, этим летом, осенью 2000 года, с 9 часов утра до 2 часов дня, в четверть третьего, без четверти шесть, в половине восьмого утра, в следующий четверг, в прошлую субботу.

Indefinite & Negative Pronouns & their Derivatives

positive	some	one body	Кто-то, некто, кое-кто, кто-нибудь
negative/ interrogative	any⃰	(Is) Anybody (at) home? Кто-нибудь дома?
negative	no	Nobody is. / Никого нет.
positive	every	Everybody is. / Все.

 

positive	some	thing	Что-то, нечто, кое-что, что-нибудь
negative/ interrogative	any	Have you got anything to read? I haven’t got anything.
negative	no	I’ve got nothing ['nʌθɪŋ].
positive	every	We have everything we need.

 

positive	some	where place	Где-то, куда-то, где- / куда-нибудь
negative/ interrogative	any	I can’t find her anywhere.
negative	no	I can see nobody nowhere. / Никого нигде не видно.
positive	every	There are only trees everywhere. / Везде одни деревья.

10. Translate into Russian:

1. These students live in some appartments. 2. “Do any teachers go to the cafe after lessons?” “Yes, some teachers do”. 3. We do not read any Russian texts at our English lessons. 4. Give me some new note-books, please. 5. Don’t give them any texts! 6. “Does your friend learn any English words every day?” “Yes, he does; he learns some”. 7. Don’t ask him any questions. 8. Read some new words! 9. There are not any books on the desk. 10. I have no English books. 11. “Have you any friends here?” 12. There are no new words in this text. 13. There is nobody here.

11. Choose the right pronoun:

1. Do you learn (some, any) foreign languages? 2. Has your friend got (some, any) English magazines? 3. Give me (some, any) books. 4. Do you often write (some, any) English words in your note-book? 5. Please, give me (some, any) chalk. 6. His friend doesn’t do (some, any) work in the evening. 7. (Some, any) students always prepare for the next day together.

12. Answer the questions:

1. Are there any new buildings on the territory of camp? 2. There are no beds in this tent. 3. Are there any English books in this library? 4. Are there any girls in your group? 5. There are no trees behind our house. 6. My friend has not any relatives in Kazan.

L i s t e n i n g

13. 2.11 Listen to a radio programme called “Guess my job”. 3 people guess a person’s job. Underline the 10 questions they ask.

1.Do you work inside outside in an office at home in a factory in a hospital 2. When? In the morning In the afternoon In the evening

3. How? With your hands With a computer With other people 4. Do you…? have special qualifications? speak any languages? earn a lot of money? drive? write letters or emails? wear a uniform?

b). Listen again. What does the person answer? Write Y(yes), N (no) or D(it depends) after each question.

c). 2.12. Listen to the end of the programme. What does Phil do?

14. 2.15 Listen to Sarah talking to her boyfriend about her family. Answer the questions.

1. Who is Martin? Where does he work?

2. Who is Philip?

3. How old is Sophie?

4. Where are they? What does Adam do?

S p e a k i n g

C o u n t r y s t u d y

BRITISH CHARACTER

20. Pre-reading task: Think of four things that you think are typically British. Compare your list with the typically British things mentioned by your groupmates.

V o c a b u l a r y S t u d y

to whine	жаловаться, плакаться; ныть
rush hour	час пик
queue[kjuː]	очередь
to jump the queue	пройти вне очереди
standard of behaviour	норма поведения
feature['fiːʧə]	особенность, характерная черта
behaviour[bɪ'heɪvjə]	поведение

D i s c u s s i o n

24. Tell whether these statements are T (true), F (false) or NM (not-mentioned).

1. British people are very emotional and passionate.
2. British people don’t like the fact that their parliament has a long history.
3. British people are naturally polite and courteous.
4. British people are lazy.
5. The British are fed up with saying “Thank you!”, I’m sorry!” etc.
6. The British usually jump the queue.
7. British people are interested in sports.
8. The Englishman prefers to live in a castle.
9. Usually British people prefer coffee to tea.
10. British never conceal their knowledge.
11. English people think that Australians often whine.

25. Complete the following sentences:

1. One of the most striking features of English life is …
2. It may be illustrated by …
3. British people are famous for …
4. British people don’t like …
5. Most British people expect …
6. Sometimes a British person conceals his knowledge because…
7. The Englishman prefers his own house to an apartment because …
8. The traditional love of English people for … is well known.

B Are You a Family Man?

Read the text.

My Family

My dad is quite old, he’s 81. My mum’s about 15 years younger. I have two brothers. Nigel, who is seven years older than me, is a computer programmer, or he does something with computers, I’m not sure what exactly. His main interest is music, and he plays the guitar very well, and the piano. He’s married to Nikki, who is an artist. She’s half Swiss, and paints pictures for a living. They live in London, and have two children.

My other brother, Chris, is a stockbroker, and he lives with his family in Hong Kong because the firm he works for sent him out there. They send him all over the world. He met his wife Leslie in South Africa, when he was working there. Leslie doesn’t work – she’s a housewife and she brings up the children. They’ve got four children. So I have six nieces and nephews, which means I have quite a lot of presents to buy at Christmas!

I come from quite a big family. I worked it out once that I’ve got 25 cousins, because my dad’s dad married twice, and my mum’s mum married twice. However, I only remember one grandparent, my grandmother on my mother’s side, but she died when I was very young, so I only have very vague memories of her. My mum has two brothers and sisters, and she has three half-sisters. And my dad has four brothers and sisters and two stepbrothers and sisters.

My two brothers are a lot older than me, so I didn’t see them much when I was little because they weren’t at home that much. There are seven years between each of us, so one brother is seven years older than me and the other is fourteen years older than me. However, my auntie Patty lived with us in the country for a while, and she had four children; and the two girls, Catherine and Sarah, were around my age, so it was like having two sisters. This was nice, because we went to school together and we could play together, and is was nice having people of my age around.

My parents live in the country, in the south-west of England. When I lived in England I used to go to visit them maybe every month, but now of course it’s much more difficult, and now I go about twice a year. Normally I go at Christmas, although not this year, and sometime in the summer. They live in the middle of the country and it’s really nice. There is a river, and you can go for long walks and get some peace and quiet after living in the city. My brother Nigel who lives in London goes home quite a lot to visit them with his children, but my older brother Chris can’t go that often, of course, as he’s always very busy working in Hong Kong.

In England, the stereotypical family is husband and wife and 2.4 children, so they say, and a dog and a cat. We have two cats, by the way. They were my cats, but when I left to come and live in Hungary I took them to my mum, who wasn’t overjoyed at the time, but now she quite likes them. We used to have a dog, a big golden labrador, but he had to be put down ‘cause he got very sick, so that was quite sad.

The English stereotypical family of husband and wife is, I suppose, changing now because there are a lot of one-parent families. A lot of people get divorced now and live on their own, and bring up their children on their own.

What about my parents? Well, my mother never worked, she was a house-wife, and she and my dad lived in Sri Lanka and India for much of their married life, ‘cause my dad was a businessman. He’s retired now but used to import, I think it was whisky and fertilizer, from England to Sri Lanka. My mum brought up two children there, so both of my brothers were brought up in Sri Lanka and India. They must have had a very idyllic childhood – I heard stories about them swimming in tropical seas and going on expeditions to tea plantations, and it sounded really nice. I was born a year after they moved back to England, near London, so that’s a bit different from exotic Asia. I suppose in a way we conformed to the typical stereotype of a family, in that my father was the breadwinner and the head of the family, and my mother was a housewife and brought up children. Nowadays in England, most women seem to want to go out to work, and even if they have children they send them to a nursery or a crèche [kreʃ] at a very early age, and go back to work to resume their careers. Also, quite often now just the immediate family live together, and a lot of old people live on their own, not usually with their children and their grandchildren as used to be the case.

30. Find information about:

a) the narrator’s parents;

b) her two brothers;

c) the English stereotypical family:

· present – day situation;

· reasons of changing.

1. After reading the text decide if the following statements are true or false:

1. My four brothers are a lot younger than me.
2. My sister is a computer user.
3. I have neither nieces nor nephews.
4. I come from a small family.
5. All my grandparents are alive.
6. My dad has two brothers and sisters, and he has four half-sisters.
7. My parents live in the country.
8. In England the stereotypical family is husband, wife, 2.4 children, a dog and a cat.
9. There are no one-parent families in England.
10. I was born in exotic Asia.
11. Nowadays in England most women seem to want to be housewives.
12. A lot of old people live on their own.

C o n c l u s i o n s

Test yourself

Choose the correct answer.

1. I __________ a student.

a) is	b) aren’t	c) am	d) were

1. He _______ a pilot.

a) was	b) weren’t	c) are	d) am

1. We _______ at home.

a) am	b) wasn’t	c) were	d) isn’t

1. _______ she be in the cinema with you?

a) is	b) will	c) am	d) was

A Your Personality

G r a m m a r s t u d y

Формы глагола

(Regular and Irregular Verbs)

I	II	III	IV
Infinitive	Past Simple	Participle II -анный/-янный	Participle I -ущ/-ющ/-ащ/-ящ
что делать?	что делал?	какой?
to be to do to get to have to go look	was / were did got had went looked	been done got had gone looked	be do gett hav go look	ing

A smiling girl greeting everybody came into the room.

Having smiled she came into the room.

Причастие I в функции определения:

1. Convert these verbs into Participle I form, translate them & phrases given below:

a) (to) ask, (to) meet, (to) get, (to) stop, (to) report, (to) help, (to) do, (to) study, (to) teach, to take, (to) command, to go.

b) a speaking teacher, talking men, a swimming dog, playing children, a leaving train, a writing student, a smiling girl, flying gees.

Причастие I в функции обстоятельства:

(When) answering the teacher’s questions, he made some mistakes.

Отвечая (когда он отвечал) на вопросы учителя, он сделал несколько ошибок.

2. Translate sentences into Russian paying attention to the functions of Participle I:

1. The reading girl is my friend’s sister. 2. The man writing on the blackboard is our teacher of English. 3. Smiling she came into the room. 4. The highway running through our village is wide. 5. Those small playing children don’t go to school. 6. The students speaking English now know it rather well. 7. The retreating enemy units crossed the river north of that hill. 8. Having done his work he went home.

To be going to do something

(a) Мы используем to be going to do something, когда говорим о наших планах на будущее и о том, что мы уже решили сделать:

- I'm going to do my laundry next Monday.

- When are you going to buy me new shoes?

- John is not going to tell her anything about it.

(b) Мы используем present continuous (I am doing), когда говорим о предварительной договоренности, например, о встрече.

(c) Мы используем was/were going to do, чтобы сказать о том, что мы собирались делать в прошлом (но не сделали):

- I was going to return your book today but left it at home.

- They were going to swim, but the weather was too cold.

(d) Мы также употребляем to be going to do something, если в описываемой ситуации присутствует нечто (человек идет прямо к яме) такое, что дает уверенность говорящему в том, что произойдет именно то, о чем он говорит: He is going to fall into the hole. ( Этот человек не видит, куда он идёт. Сейчас перед ним находится яма.)

- It's going to be another warm day.

Continuous / Progressive Tenses

: to be+Participe I(Ving)

Когда мы говорим о происходящем во время беседы или в близкое к этому время мы используем present continuous (I am doing). Однако, некоторые глаголы не могут быть использованы в Сontinuous tenses, потому что понятие "что-то в развитии" не может быть применено к тому, что они обозначают. Это следующие глаголы:

belong know prefer suppose see realize mean remember hear believe cost understand want like hate contain seem love need forget

Некоторые из них могут употребляться в Сontinuous tenses, если они означают: to think - "обдумывать", to see -"встречаться",

to have -в таких выражениях, как to have breakfast, to have dinner, to have a good time, to have supper, to have troubles, и т.д.

- I'm thinking of going to the cinema tonight.

- She is having a rest. She is very tired.

- I'm seeing my manager tomorrow at 8.

3. Read and translate the following sentences:

1. Student Petrov is answering our teacher’s questions. 2. The teacher is correcting mistakes. 3. My friend was not opening the window when I came in. 4. We are not doing our morning exercises. 5. “Are you learning the new words of lesson 11?” – “No, I am not.” 6. What are you doing? 7. To whom were they speaking English when you saw them? 8. Whose test is your teacher of English correcting? 9. “Who was reading a book at 12 o’clock?” – “I was.” 10. I’ll be doing it in twenty minutes. 11. What will you be doing at 4 tomorrow? 13. They promise it will be raining all day round tomorrow.