B. Explain the underlined phrases.

C. Sum up the article, say whether you agree with the author and prove your point.

2.3. Why Single-Sex Schools Are Bad for Your Health
(If You Are a Boy)

A. Read the article and put down the results of the research in the following chart.

Boys	Girls
Single-sex schools Mixed schools	Single-sex schools Mixed schools

Boys taught in male-only schools face divorce and depression by their early 40s, research reveals.

Research by London’s Institute of Education appears to support claims by education psychologists that boys’ school pupils are less able to relate to the opposite sex than those from mixed schools.

You might have thought that boys brought up in a single-sex environment would find relationships with girls difficult to handle.

Now research proves it. It shows that boys taught in single-sex schools are more likely to be divorced or separated from their partner than those who attended a mixed school by their early 40s.

However, those who stayed together were just as likely to be happy in their relationship as men educated in mixed schools – when asked to rate the quality of their marriage on a scale of one to seven.

The research covered 17,000 adults who had been taught in a range of institutions from private boarding schools to state comprehensives. The majority had been brought up in day schools.

Mary Bousted, general secretary of the Association of Teachers and Lecturers, said: “All the research shows single-sex schools are good for girls but bad for boys – both in terms of academic performance and ocialization.

“Girls seem to learn what the nature of the beast is if they have been to single sex schools whereas boys taught on their own seem to find girls more puzzling.”

Dr Bousted added: “Boys learn better when they are with girls and they actually learn to get on better.”

The research also reveals that men taught in boys’ schools are more likely to suffer from “a sense of malaise” or depression by their early 40s – possibly as a result of relationship breakdown.

Men were also more likely to have spoken of a “dislike” for their school days if taught in a male-dominated environment.

However, there was no difference in the likelihood of marital breakdown between girls brought up in single-sex schools and those taught in a mixed-sex environment.

The research also shows that boys from single-sex schools were just as likely to take part in household chores – such as cooking the evening meal, laundry, cleaning and shopping.

The research failed to back up a claim made by advocates of mixed schooling that being taught co-educationally meant youngsters were less likely to opt for a homosexual or lesbian lifestyle. “Only 21 men and 22 women reported living with same-sex partners at age 42,” says the research.

“We are therefore unable to comment on whether co-education did provide the ‘clean, healthy, natural atmosphere’ so commended by its early advocates.”

Nearly half of those born in the 1958 week under study, who subsequently graduated from universities, had attended single-sex schools, the research also found.

However, this was more likely to have been as a result of the type of schools they attended – there are more single private schools and grammar schools than comprehensives. Pupils taught in single-sex schools are more likely to study for subjects traditionally thought of as the preserve of the opposite sex, though.

For instance, more girls choose to study maths and science in single-sex schools and more boys pick the arts and humanities than if they were taught in mixed classes.

“A central finding is that single-sex schooling moderates the effect of gender-stereotyping in terms of choice of field of study,” says the research.

“This runs counter to earlier assertions that co-education would widen subject choice.”

Richard Garner

www.independent.co.uk